• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.337-344
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• 1996

Caring is being rediscovered as a central and unifying concept of the nursing. Traditionally, nursing profession has emphasized spirit and activities of caring. But there is little efforts to study the caring phenomena scientifically and systematically in nursing, and then the concept of caring is still remained unclear and ambiguous. Changes of social, and health care environment are threatening the philosophy and practice of caring, so it is urgent to identify caring more scientifically and to rediscover the nature of nursing discipline. Knowledge of the caring is essential component for the development of nursing as a science and a profession. The first thing to study a concept is thought to be the analysis of the concept. So in this study, concept analysis of caring was performed to clarify the concept of caring as a basis for the study of caring afterward. The approach used for the concept analysis of caring was the approach presented by Walker and Avant. The defining(or critical) attributes of caring identified in this study were (1) a series of activities for helping others, (2) concern and devotion. (3) interpersonal relationship, and (4) scientific and systematic process. The identified antecedents of caring were (1) awareness of other's needs for help, and (2) moral and cognitive motivation for helping others. The identified consequences of caring were (1) healing, (2) satisfaction, and (3) growth. And the consequences of caring were revealed to both of the care giver and the care receiver. The empirical referents of caring could be the behaviors of interpersonal relationship through scientific and systematic process with concern and devotion for others.

• Asia-pacific Journal of Multimedia Services Convergent with Art, Humanities, and Sociology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.45-53
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• 2017

Until now, Academic disciplines were categorized according to the standards of the National Research Foundation of Korea, and this categorization has contributed to the development of each disciplines. However, as time goes by, there is a need for a transition to the new trends, convergence. Therefore, to suggest the resolution for pre-existing phenomenon and problems, this study explored the concept and traits of narrative science as a convergence discipline and discussed its implications and tasks. Narrative Science is a human science, based on narrative epistemology, and it focuses on human's interpretation, communication, and inter-subjectivity. Narrative Science has many inner structures per trait, and it provides pre-existing disciplines with narrativistic inter-relation. It also pays attention to human's inner areas. For the development of Narrative Science in the future, it should be free from a misunderstanding as a narratology discipline or a methodology of qualitative research. Under this change, Narrative Science discipline areas should be fused in the perspective of human science, based on narrative philosophy and psychology.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.177-187
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• 2014

Microbial phytases are enzymes with biotechnological interest for the feed industry. In this article, the effect of spray-drying conditions on the stability and activity of extracellular phytase produced by R. microsporus var. microsporus biofilm is described. The phytase was spray-dried in the presence of starch, corn meal (> $150{\mu}m$), soy bean meal (SB), corn meal (< $150{\mu}m$) (CM), and maltodextrin as drying adjuvants. The residual enzyme activity after drying ranged from 10.7% to 60.4%, with SB and CM standing out as stabilizing agents. Water concentration and residual enzyme activity were determined in obtained powders as a function of the drying condition. When exposed to different pH values, the SB and CM products were stable, with residual activity above 50% in the pH range from 4.5 to 8.5 for 60 min. The use of CM as drying adjuvant promoted the best retention of enzymatic activity compared with SB. Spray drying of the R. microsporus var. microsporus phytase using different drying adjuvants showed interesting results, being quite feasible with regards their biotechnological applications, especially for poultry diets.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.311-317
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• 2022

The research is devoted to the substantiation of the system approach to the involvement of digital marketing tools as a guarantee of international business development. It is proved that digital marketing, as a type of marketing based on the use of digital technologies allows to make a profit, to promote the brand, as well as goods and services in the market. The digital marketing toolkit system is a set of elements with existing relationships that ensure the effectiveness of the entire digital marketing, which in total is greater than its individual components. The implementation of a systems approach involves the implementation of the philosophy of digital marketing in general, its functions in the form of systems analysis, formation of strategic development goals and entry and promotion in the international market, preparation and implementation of tactical and strategic development plans.The use of such digital marketing tools as: content marketing, social media marketing, Email-marketing, targeted advertising, contextual advertising, media advertising, Search Engine Optimization, affiliate programs and the company's website is analyzed in detail.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.81-95
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• 2009

The purpose of this study wasto analyze the factors that enhance their learning achievement in a fieldtrip environment. For this academic goal, we analyzed a pattern of fieldtrip-related perception and attitudes of 19 science-talented students who participated in the 2007 KESO winter school. As for the perception type, the result of analysis showed that the science-talented students understood a fieldtrip as an experimental inquiry from an inquiry perspective, and that their understanding about a fieldtrip was based on anthropocentrism, positivism and instrumentalism from a science philosophy perspective. Regarding theattitudes type, the result revealed that the purpose of the winter school was mainly to learn knowledge in earth science, and that there was a significant tendency for the participating students to become a future scientist more eagerly than their parents expected. Students' fieldtrip-related academic self-concept was mostly positive while the participants experienced both positive and negative emotions.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.838-855
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• 2019

Online product reviews are a vital source for companies in that they contain consumers' opinions of products. The earlier methods of opinion mining, which involve drawing semantic information from text, have been mostly applied in one dimension. This is not sufficient in itself to elicit reviewers' comprehensive views on products. In this paper, we propose a novel approach in opinion mining by projecting online consumers' reviews in a multidimensional framework to improve review interpretation of products. First of all, we set up a new framework consisting of six dimensions based on a marketing management theory. To calculate the distances of review sentences and each dimension, we embed words in reviews utilizing Google's pre-trained word2vector model. We classified each sentence of the reviews into the respective dimensions of our new framework. After the classification, we measured the sentiment degrees for each sentence. The results were plotted using a radar graph in which the axes are the dimensions of the framework. We tested the strategy on Amazon product reviews of the iPhone and Galaxy smartphone series with a total of around 21,000 sentences. The results showed that the radar graphs visually reflected several issues associated with the products. The proposed method is not for specific product categories. It can be generally applied for opinion mining on reviews of any product category.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
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• v.10
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• pp.121-148
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• 1983

This study deals with and brings light on the classification system of Kyochangchongrok Kyongba((敎藏總錄 經部) Concerning the Euichon(義天)'s catalogue, Ohya(大屋德城) pointed out in 1937 that its classification system was different from that of the Kaewon Sokkyorok Yakchul(開元釋敎錄略出), and the system was not based on the diverse divisions of doctrines, such as Chontae(天台) or Whaom(華嚴). He went on to contend that the system, therefore, had no working rules, and was disorder as a corollary. The present writer, however, firmly convinced that Euichon must have had some criteria and order in editing the Catalogue on the basis of the commentaries which he had collected in 20 years, examined the catalogue by analyzing the classification system of sutra, vinaya and philosophy, thereby reclassifying them as divisions of doctrines like Wonhyo(元曉), Chontae(天台) and Hyonsu(賢首). As a result, the present writer disclosed that Euichon's Clataogue was edited in conformity with some criteria. For it was edited according tothe order of his teachings and meditations; complete combination of dharma, gist of final teachings, sermons of Hinavana Buddhism. Furthermore, it was clarified that he logically organized the system since he, concerning the sub-system, synthetically applied the reverse of the order which was illustrated in the diverse divisions of doctrines of 'Wonhyo', etc. consequently arranging and connecting the doctrines respectivelly. The significance of this treatise can, therefore, read as follows; to prove the Euichon's Catalogue was complied reasonably and logically on the basis of standing criterion.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.163-167
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• 2022

The article explores linguo-stylistic influence markers in essayistic texts. The novelty of this investigation is provided by its perspective. Essayism is looked at as a style of thinking and writing and studied as a holistic philosophical and cultural phenomenon, as a revalent form of comprehension of reality that features non-lasting author's judgements and enhancement of the author's voice in the text. Based on the texts by V. Rosanov, G.K. Chesterton, and D. Dontsov, the remarkable English, Russian, and Ukrainian essay-writers of the first party of the 20th century, the article tracks the typical ontological-and-existentialist correlation at the content, stylistic, and semantic levels. It is observed in terms of the ideas presented in the texts of these publicists and the lexicostylistic markers of the influence on the reader that enable these ideas to implement. The explored poetic syntax, key lexemes, dialogueness, intonational melodics, specific language, free associations, aphoristic nature, verbalization of emotions and feeling in the psycholinguistic form of their expression, stress, heroic elevation, metaphors and evaluative linguistic units in the ontological-and-existentialist aspects contribute to extremely delicate and demanding nature of the essayistic style. They create a "lacework" of unpredictable properties, intellectual illumination, unexpected similarity, metaphorical freshness, sudden discoveries, unmotivated unities.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.65-71
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• 2023

Purpose: This study attempted to analyze the impacts of the backward linkage and output multipliers, and investigate the price fluctuation and the price forecast amongst the manufacturing sectors associated with food processing industrial output of Thailand. Research design, data and methodology: The Thailand Input-Output table with a size of 180 x 180 sectors from 2005, 2010, and 2015 was utilized while the secondary data of the time series from January 2002 to December 2021 were processed via a multiplicative model and Box-Jenkins model. Results: The backward linkage analysis indicates that canning and preserving of the meat sector majorly utilized the factors of production from the slaughtering sector; canning and preservation of fish and other seafoods sector largely used those factors from the ocean and coastal fishing sector; and the sugar sector used those of the sugarcane sector. Notably, the output multiplier analysis indicated that output multipliers of those 3 manufacturing sectors were highly increased; meanwhile the price fluctuation continually existed in all forms. Besides, the price forecast suggested that prices of chicken and sugarcane tended to be higher; whereas, the price of shrimp was unstable. Conclusions: Food processing industry contains the favorable components to be one of the industries of the future of Thailand.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2014

Professionals performing radiographic examinations are responsible for maintaining optimal image quality for accurate diagnoses. These professionals must competently execute techniques such as film manipulation and processing to minimize patient exposure to radiation. Improper performance by the professional and/or patient may result in a radiographic image of unsatisfactory quality that can also lead to a misdiagnosis and the development of an inadequate treatment plan. Currently, the most commonly performed extraoral examination is panoramic radiography. The invention of panoramic radiography has resulted in improvements in image quality with decreased exposure to radiation and at a low cost. However, this technique requires careful, accurate positioning of the patient's teeth and surrounding maxillofacial bone structure within the focal trough. Therefore, we reviewed the literature for the most common types of positioning errors in panoramic radiography to suggest the correct techniques. We would also discuss how to determine if the most common positioning errors occurred in panoramic radiography, such as in the positioning of the patient's head, tongue, chin, or body.