• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.34-39
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• 2003

Porous TiNi bodies were produced by Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS) method from a powder mixture of Ti and Ni. Porosity, pore size and structure, mechanical property, and transformation temperature of TiNi product were investigated. The average porosity and pore size of produced porous TiNi body are 63% and $216\mutextrm{m}$, respectively. XRD analysis showed that the major phase of produced TiNi body is B2 phase. Its average fracture strength and elastic modulus measured under dry condition were $22\pm2$ MPa and $0.18\pm0.01$GPa, respectively. It could be strained up to 7.3 %. The transformation temperatures determined by DSC showed the $M_s$ temperature of $67^{\circ}C$ and $A_f$ temperature of $99^{\circ}C$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1998.07d
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• pp.1478-1480
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• 1998

Inception and propagation of electrical tree and properties of partial discharge(PD) pulses accompanying with tree in low density polyethylene were discussed. We observed the characteristics of process of electrical tree by using optical microscope and investigated the statistical characteristics of the PD pulses by analyzing PD quantities and distribution patterns. The PD pulses were analyzed by q-n, $\phi$-n and $\phi$-q distribution. The statistical operators used were skewness(s), kurtosis(k) and average phase angle. The skewness and average discharge phase angle of PD pulses increased as the Propagation of tree. The kurtosis was about 1.8 at the Inception of tree, but It increased as the propagation of tree.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.793-795
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• 2006

When quadrature error exists, the shape of the M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) signal constellation becomes skewed-elliptic. Each MPSK symbol takes on a different symbol error probability (SEP) value. The analytical results presented thus far have been derived from studies which examined the SEP problem assuming that the SEP of each MPSK symbol is equally likely; therefore, those results should not be treated as offering a complete solution. In this letter, we present a new and more complete solution to the SEP problem of MPSK by relaxing the above assumption and finding the expressions for the average as well as individual SEP in the presence of quadrature error.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.451-458
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• 1997

In order to investigate the compost process and the evaporating phenomenon, a rotary reversing compost system has been tested in swine fm. In the summer season, the compost temperature were varied in the range of 50~$60^{\circ}C$ and the ash content has been increased to 12.8% showing in average of 24.7% at the end of phase. In the winter season, the compost temperature were varied in the range of 40~$57^{\circ}C$ and the ash content has been increased to 8.5% showing in the average of 18% at the end of phase. In summer the compost facility could handle all of the animal waste, but in winter it could not handle 1/4~1/3 of the animal excrement. The needed sawdust by this method could be reduced to 1/3 than that of the mixing method at the beginning of compost process.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.451-459
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• 1998

THe influence of internal acoustic exitation through a square prism on the turbulent wake flow characteristics was investigated. The intermediate wake region where is about ten times the respective length of the body was experimentally investigated using a conditional phase average technique. At first the static base pressures of square prism and the shedding frequencies have been measured at various internal acoustic exciation frequencies. The experiment were performed under the four cases of internal acoustic excitation frequencies 0Hz 30Hz($St_e$=0.09) 65Hz($St_e$=0.20) 120Hz($St_e$=0.38) And velocity vector fields were presented and discussed. The influence of acoustic exvitation frequencies on the structure of intermediate turbulent wake region is evident. As the internal acoustic frequency increased shedding frequency gradually increased and aerodynamic force decreased. Also it was found that the vortex shedding occurs dratically well and shedding frequency reached nearly the same value as the internal acoustic frequency. but above Strouhal number 0.3 the influence disappeared.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.94-100
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• 2001

Fe-Co-Ni particles with an average size of 45 and 135 nm are characterized in terms of magnetic phase transformation and magnetic properties at room temperature. BCC structure of Fe-Co-Ni spherical particles can be synthesized from Fe-Co-Ni-Al-Cu precursor films by heating at 600-80$0^{\circ}C$ for the phase separation of Fe-Co rich Fe-Co-Ni particles, followed by a post heating at $600^{\circ}C$ for 5 hours. The average size of nanoparticles was directly determined by the thickness of precursor films. Exchange interactive hysteresis was observed for the nano-composite (Fe-Co-Ni)+(Fe-Ni-Al) films resulting from the short exchange interface between ferromagnetic Fe-Co-Ni particles surrounded by almost papramagnetic Ni-Al-Fe matrix. Arraying the isolated Fe-Co-Ni nano-particles in a random arrangement on $Al_2O_3$substrate the particle assembly showed a behavior of dipole interactive ferromagnetic clusters depending on their volume and inter-particle distance.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.159-163
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• 1996

Simulated electron tunneling time through a potential barrier is compared with theoretical phase time. For a GaAs/Al/sub 0.3/Ga/sub 0.7/As/GaAs potential barrier with 300 meV height and 3 nm or 5 nm width, simulations are performed with various average electron energies and momentum deviations. The simulation results become closer to the theoretical phase time as the average electron energy decreases and as the momentum deviation decreases. It is also shown that a barrier, which is due to the peak spectrum shift in the momentum space after tunneling. (author). refs., figs.

• IEMEK Journal of Embedded Systems and Applications
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.85-93
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• 2012

In this paper, we proposed Wireless LAN (WLAN) localization method that enhances database construction based on weighting factor and analyse the characteristic of the WLAN received signals. The weighting factor plays a key role as it determines the importance of Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) value from number of received signals (frequency). The fingerprint method is the most widely used method in WLAN-based positioning methods because it has high location accuracy compare to other indoor positioning methods. The fingerprint method has different location accuracies which depend on training phase and positioning phase. In training phase, intensity of RSSI is measured under the various. Conventional systems adapt average of RSSI samples in a database construction, which is not quite accurate due to variety of RSSI samples. In this paper, we analyse WLAN RSSI characteristic from anechoic chamber test, and analyze the causes of various distributions of RSSI and its influence on location accuracy in indoor environments. In addition, we proposed enhanced weighting factor algorithm for accurate database construction and compare location accuracy of proposed algorithm with conventional algorithm by computer simulations and tests.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.13-28
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• 1995

This study was carried out to explore the most sensitive and useful method for simultaneous determination of five sulfa drugs(sulfamethazine, sulfamerazine, sulfamonomethoxine, sulfadimethoxine, sulfaquinoxaline) in livestock productions(pork muscle, bovine muscle, chicken muscle, milk ) by HPLC with UV detector and reverse phase column. The results obtained were as follows：1. For mobile phase acetonitrile-0.01M ammonium acetate (23：77) showed more applicable sensitivity and retention times than acetonitrile-1% acetic acid(23：77). Thus acetonitrile-0.01M ammonium acetate(23：77) selected and applied to the modification test, from which it was found pH 6.75 was the most adequate. 2. Optimal wavelength of UV for SMT(sulfamethazine), SMR(sulfamerazine), SMM(sulfamonomethoxine), SD(sulfadimethoxine), and SQ(sulfaquinoxaline) were 266, 266, 265, 269 and 250nm, respectively, and that for simultaneous application it was 263nm. 3. The average recovery rate by extractant(chloroform, dichloromethane, chlorform+dich-loromethane) in the classic method was not significantly different(p>0.05) but that by chloroform higher than the others. Thus chloroform was found to be adequate as extractant in this classic method. 4. The average recovery rate was 86.5% by the MSPD(matrix solid phase disperse) method, which was significantly higher than that by the classic method(p<0.05). Also the recovery rates by method were significantly different(p<0.05) in accordance with sample and type of drug. The MSPD method was much superior to classic method on clean-up.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.2201-2216
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• 2015

Peak to average power ratio (PAPR) is one of the main imperfections in the broadband communication systems with multiple carriers. In this paper, a new crest factor reduction (CFR) scheme based on interleaved phase sequence called Dummy Sequence Insertion Enhanced Partial Transmit Sequence (DSI-EPTS) is proposed which effectively reduces the PAPR while at the same time keeps the total complexity low. Moreover, the prototype of the proposed scheme in field programmable gate array (FPGA) is demonstrated. In DSI-EPTS scheme, a new matrix of phase sequence is defined which leads to a significant reduction in hardware complexity due to its less searching operation to extract the optimum phase sequence. The obtained results show comparable performance with slight difference due to the FPGA constraints. The results show 5 dB reduction in PAPR by applying the DSI-EPTS scheme with low complexity and low power consumption.