• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• no.11 s.251
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• pp.64-70
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• 2005

본란은 해외석유산업에 대한 동향과 정보를 파악하기 위하여 석유협회 홈페이지(www.oil.or.kr)에서 연재중인 석유정보다이제스트 내용을 발췌하여 실은 것이다. -편집자 주-

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.106-117
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• 2013

Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is one of the most economical and efficient methods for extending the life of production wells in a declining reservoir. Microbial consortia from Wafra oil wells and Suwaihat production water, Al-Wusta region, Oman were screened. Microbial consortia in brine samples were identified using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene sequences. The detected microbial consortia of Wafra oil wells were completely different from microbial consortia of Suwaihat formation water. A total of 33 genera and 58 species were identified in Wafra oil wells and Suwaihat production water. All of the identified microbial genera were first reported in Oman, with Caminicella sporogenes for the first time reported from oil fields. Most of the identified microorganisms were found to be anaerobic, thermophilic, and halophilic, and produced biogases, biosolvants, and biosurfactants as by-products, which may be good candidates for MEOR.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.632-637
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• 2017

The vehicle lubricant occupies upto 35% in a total lubricant market and engine oil occupies upto 77% in the vehicle lubricant market in Korea. A suitable quality management of the circulating engine oil is necessary for driver and engine protection. But, KS and synthetic engine oil products (involved over 30% synthetic oil) are exempt to any quality management under Petroleum and Alternative Fuel Business Act. It is also known that synthetic oils such as PAO (poly alpha olefin) have excellent properties and performance like anti-wear, varnish control and oxidation stability than those of mineral oils. For this reason, PAO has been used for an engine oil, rotary screw and reciprocating compressor in addition to heavy duty and other extreme service applications. In this study, our research group analyzed the chromatogram pattern for the mineral oil, PAO and mineral oil involved a typical ratio of PAO using SIMDIST (simulated distillation). In the SIMDIST chromatogram, the mineral oil showed a broad peak, while PAO showed a sharp typical peak. Also the oil with a large viscosity grade exhibited a long retention time due to the heavy molecular weight and high boiling point. In particular, the blended mineral oil with 20% PAO sample showed a distinctly different pattern compared to that of using the conventional mineral oil. For monitoring PAO contents in distributing engine oils, we analyzed the SIMDIST for 27 kinds of engine oils which were popularly sold in Korea. The analytic results indicate that all kinds of engine oils showed that PAO contents were below 20% in engine oil products. Moreover, the PAO titled product was found to have a small amount of PAO. Thus, we conclude that the related laws for the proper quality management of synthetic oils are needed to be established.

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• s.276
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• pp.66-69
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• 2010

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• no.1 s.222
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• pp.35-36
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• 2001

• Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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• s.290
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• pp.40-43
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• 2013

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.403-430
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• 2014

Shale gas formations exhibit strong mechanical and strength anisotropies. Thus, it is necessary to study the effect of anisotropy on the hydraulic fracture initiation pressure. The calculation model for the in-situ stress of the bedding formation is improved according to the effective stress theory. An analytical model of the stresses around wellbore in shale gas reservoirs, in consideration of stratum dip direction, dip angle, and in-situ stress azimuth, has been built. Besides, this work established a calculation model for the stress around the perforation holes. In combination with the tensile failure criterion, a prediction model for the hydraulic fracture initiation pressure in the shale gas reservoirs is put forward. The error between the prediction result and the measured value for the shale gas reservoir in the southern Sichuan Province is only 3.5%. Specifically, effects of factors including elasticity modulus, Poisson's ratio, in-situ stress ratio, tensile strength, perforation angle (the angle between perforation direction and the maximum principal stress) of anisotropic formations on hydraulic fracture initiation pressure have been investigated. The perforation angle has the largest effect on the fracture initiation pressure, followed by the in-situ stress ratio, ratio of tensile strength to pore pressure, and the anisotropy ratio of elasticity moduli as the last. The effect of the anisotropy ratio of the Poisson's ratio on the fracture initiation pressure can be ignored. This study provides a reference for the hydraulic fracturing design in shale gas wells.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.892-898
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• 2017

In this study, the basic properties of recoverable gaseous and solid materials were investigated from heavy oil contained in the resources. The basic characteristics of pyrolysis reaction for the conversion of bituminous oil to pyrolysis various temperature were investigated. The characteristics of gas and solid phase byproducts were also investigated with a laboratory scale fixed bed reactor according to various reaction temperature. As a result, it was confirmed that the oil yield was about 17% at $550^{\circ}C$ and $CH_4$, $CaCO_3$ and CaO could be recovered as by-products.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.1048-1056
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• 2018

Non-edible oil sources (i.e., Palm Acid Oil, waste animal fat) usually contain relatively high amount of free fatty acids (FFA) that make them inadequate for direct base catalyzed transesterification reaction. Enzymatic biodiesel synthesis can solve several problems posed by the alkaline-catalyzed transesterification, and has certain advantages over the chemical catalysis of transesterification, as it is less energy intensive, allows easy recovery of glycerol and the transesterification of glycerides with high free fatty acid contents. In this study, we synthesized biodiesel through enzymatic catalyzed process using high free fatty acid containing waste oil in biodiesel reactor (1 ton/day) and optimized the biodiesel production processes.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.512-518
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• 2006

The evidence containing some kind of petroleum at the fire spot was analyzed by gas chromatography to identify a fire's sources. To extract some petroleum from fire evidence, 10.0 mL of n-hexane was added in this solution, and it was shaken for 30 minutes. To identify a kind of petroleum in fire evidence, the prepared n-hexane solution was injected and analyzed in the gas chromatograph. The chromatogram of sample was different from those of thinner and gasoline that have low boiling point, and shown different peak pattern to heating and boiler oils. But it was similar to the chromatogram of diesel oil. After small amount of diesel oil was added to the sample, the area of characteristic peaks was increased more than those of raw sample. From the results, the kind of petroleum in the fire evidence was diesel oil.