• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.12 no.12
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• pp.6018-6033
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• 2018

Fires are a common cause of catastrophic personal injuries and devastating property damage. Every year, many fires occur and threaten human lives and property around the world. Providing early important sign for early fire detection, and therefore the detection of smoke is always the first step in fire-alarm systems. In this paper we propose an automatic smoke detection system built on camera surveillance and image processing technologies. The key features used in our algorithm are to detect and track smoke as moving objects and distinguish smoke from non-smoke objects using a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for cascade classification. The results of our experiment, in comparison with those of some earlier studies, show that the proposed algorithm is very effective not only in detecting smoke, but also in reducing false positives.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.237-242
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• 2021

The article deals with the problematic issues of defining information as an object of private relations. Definitions that they are intangible and non-consumable by nature, are inextricably linked to a specific material carrier are/or secured by the subject that transmits them, messages, and information that have quantitative and qualitative characteristics, and are capable of having a freight or another value, and in case of its illegal usage causing damage and moral harm.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2022.06a
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• pp.1106-1113
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• 2022

Cost segregation helps reduce tax liabilities by reclassifying real property to personal property and accelerates tax depreciation of a property. A typical cost segregation study requires much time and high costs. This study proposed a BIM integrated cost segregation process that can be applied to any commercial building project. The proposed BIM-based cost segregation process was verified in a new commercial construction project. It approved that this approach can: (1) increase the cash flow for the owner and provide assistance to tax-paying enterprises; (2) enable the contractor to use it as an added value in the bidding process; (3) realize data sharing in a common platform to improve the cost segregation study efficiency and reduce costs and errors; (4) contribute to the asset management in the life cycle of buildings while filling in the blank of cost segregation process. Future studies will focus on the automation of cost segregation and asset management in building construction's life cycle.

• International Journal of Quality Innovation
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2008

Product liability refers to the liability of producers, distributors and suppliers for consumers' property losses or personal injury caused by that product. This paper conducted a survey related to product liability issues in Shenzhen City, and did an in-depth analysis of current problems. Finally, the paper puts forward corresponding suggestions for improvement of Shenzhen City product liability status.

• Informatization Policy
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.54-75
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• 2021

The right to data portability needs to be introduced to strengthen the self-control of data subjects and promote personal data use. However, the right to data portability constitutes a high risk of invasion of privacy of data subjects and may infringe on the property rights of data controllers, so careful and thorough design is warranted. The right to data portability can intensify the concentration and monopoly of personal data, result in problems of overseas transfer of personal data held by public institutions, and enrich only the profits of giant platforms by burdening the data subject with high transfer cost. By contrast, SMEs are more likely to endure a personal data deprivation. From the proposed amendment to the Personal Data Protection Act are raised various legal issues such as. i) Whether to include inferred/derived data, personal data held by public institutions, activity data, sensitive data, and personal data of third parties within the scope of data portability; ii) whether SMEs are included in the data porting organization; iii) whether to exclude SMEs or large platforms from the scope of the data receiving organization; iv) Whether to allow the right to transmit to other data controllers, v) Whether to allow the overseas transfer of personal data held by public institutions, vi) How to safely exercise the right to data portability, vii) the scope of responsibility and immunity of a data porting organization, etc. The purpose of this paper is to propose the direction for legislative action based on various legal issues related to data portability.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.227-255
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• 2011

Recently, many nations said "yes" to human embryonic stem cell research, signing an executive order to permit funding for the research in the mame of achieving health and life of humankind. Human Embryo Research is permitted by our Bioethics & Biosafety Act. But, illegal research cannot be divorced from civil liability since it requires the destruction of eggs of fertilized eggs and personal rights of embryo-creator. After all, though we allow to do research embryo, we should control the capacity of abuse of embryo research for embryo-creator. If research violate the law(Bioethics & Biosafety Act or Civil Law, etc), it comes to a delict by pecuniary loss and non-pecuniary loss. When it comes to pecuniary loss, Human Embryo is not body but special property. Supreme Court maintained a stance that mental suffering is generally deemed as compensable for damages for the loss of property where a person's property right is invaded by a tort or non-performance of obligation. Thus, where mental suffering occurs, which cannot be compensated by recovery of property losses, the situation must be a special circumstance and the injured could claim consolation money for such losses only if the offender knew or would have known of such special circumstances(Supreme Court Decision 96Da31574 delivered on Nov, 26, 1996, etc.). That is to say, Supreme Court regards mental suffering through person's property right invaded by a tort as damages that have arisen through special circumstances. According to Civil law article 393 (2), the injured could claim consolation money for such losses only if only if the offender had foreseen or could have foreseen such circumstances. Also our court will solve through damages for non-pecuniary loss by complementary function of consolation money in that pecuniary loss could be difficult to valuate.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.55 no.4
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• pp.278-294
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• 2022

To date, cultural property education has seen rapid quantitative growth due to national and personal needs. However, qualitative growth is lacking. The objectives of cultural property education have not been established, and therefore, even its identity is not clear. The most pressing issue at present in cultural property education is to first set objectives. This study aimed to analyze the objectives of current cultural property education, identify the problems, and set new objectives to meet significant national and personal needs in terms of education. The problems with the objectives of current cultural property education are that the persons interested in the education do not understand the concept of the education objectives clearly and that the objectives do not contain much actual content of the education. Also, the objectives of the education do not take into account the dynamic competencies and interests of the learners and do not satisfy the changes of the times. To solve these problems, new cultural property education, called 'U.V.E.C.,' was offerred. U.V.E.C. education is aimed at understanding cultural properties, recognizing their value, and enjoying them, and at creating culture. The objectives of U.V.E.C. cultural property education were set such that they can be modified flexibly in a learner-centric way with clear and practical format and contents. Based on this direction, stepwise objectives were set including overall objectives, detailed objectives, and practice objectives, and objective cases of each step were proposed. Considering the generality of the education and the distinct characteristics of the cultural properties, the U.V.E.C. education objectives took into account the diversity of behavioral objectives, clearness in statements, the objectives of problem solving, the initiative of learners and openness for expression outcomes. The U.V.E.C. objectives are clear and specific so that teachers can enhance their pedagogical efficiency and learners are able to develop interesting and diversified competencies. In addition, it is expected that the U.V.E.C. objectives will significantly affect objective setting for education on cultural properties which have not been studied widely. Further systemic and specific studies on the contents and methods of the U.V.E.C. education would help to change the overall education on cultural properties and position the field as a new academic area.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.3-32
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• 2020

With controlling Drones, although it was discussed in the previous study which showed a possibility. Which is personality and property rights of third parties could be violated while operating the drone with a video camera. But It's hard to find out precedents related to drones in Korea. In case of that someone try to control the drone which is equipped with a camera in a yard of neighborhood, the German District Court (Potsdam) considered an operator of drone has little bit of careless to do his duty and admit nonfeasance claim in the owner of the one's property for prevention to repetition of similar situation according to a nonfeasance claim for prevention to Section 1004 (1) sentence 2 of the German Civil Code(BGB). The drone which is equipped with a camera have possibilities to disrupt property and personal rights of the owner. Because a danger in repetition is getting larger regarding the violation of law. Moreover, there is a case that someone shot down the drone which is equipped with a camer. Because it has a risk to interrupt private life and cause some dangerous in our life. The German district court(Riesa) recently have considered that controlling the drone with a camera in private spaces is illegal as a violation of personal life. In addtion to, the action of property owner shot down drone is a legal according to § 228 of the German Civil Code(BGB) which is caleed "Necessity". Although it is difficult to apply to foreign cases directly to Korea, similar cases are likely to be occurred in Korea. The decision of the German District Court showed implications to Korea. As demand for the camera-equipped drone increases in Korea, it is time to discuss specific measures for drone violations.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.77-85
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• 2016

Internet cookie technology is designed for solving unreliable problem of HTTP's inherent property and notifying user's previous activity to web site's server, so it is useful to provide suitable service for individual user. However, the cookie techniques are becoming more sophisticated such as the third cookie and super cookie. And its included information is applied for advertisement and target marketing strategy, so the problem occurs that user's personal information is collected excessively. However, our law does not recognize the internet cookie as personal information so user cannot know where own internet cookie is stored and applicable. Therefore, in this paper, we explain the internet cookie technology, the privacy invasion and right to be forgotten for solving problem due to the internet cookie. And we analysis the relationship between the information of internet cookie and personal information, and then present the improvement requirement on the law and technology to use internet cookie securely and conveniently.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.371-381
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• 2011

Recently, there are some social issues that personal sensitive data in database were let out. The best method to protect these personal sensitive data is used by the database encryption method. But the encrypting database makes the query difficult. So, there are a lot of study to protect the database and increase the query efficiency as well. In this paper, we analysed recent research trend to protect the sensitive data and propose the combined method using buckets and the bloom filter for the medical database with range property. Compared to bucket index model, the proposed method can increase bucket index value and protect data distribution exposure. We can estimate that this proposed method can improve searching time and efficiency.