• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.643-650
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• 2009

The necessary consequence by the rapid economic growth in large-scale urban excavation is increasing. If the site is the congested in downtown, the scale of excavation will get the large-scale and the extreme depth. We have achieved a high level technology internationally by the design and construction of underground excavation since 1980's. But the accidents during excavation are frequently occurring. So, this demage instigates the human life loss as well as economical loss. The recent accident is come about the damage for public facilities such as the railroad, subway and etc. in addition to the loss of life and property. For these reasons, the recent accident is being caused the damage of copious social overhead capital. The reasons of collapse during excavation can be classified roughly into the administrative part(sanction, permission), the investigation and design, the construction and management and etc. In this study the close check for the cases of the recent collapse is performed and the improvement course for the prevention of collapse is found.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.516-519
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• 2014

Cloud computing is an up-and-coming paradigm shift transforming computing models from a technology to a utility. However, security concerns related to privacy, confidentiality and trust are among the issues that threaten the wide deployment of cloud computing. With the advancement of ubiquitous mobile-based clients, the ubiquity of the model suggests a higher integration in our day to day life and this leads to a rise in security issues. To strengthen the access control of cloud resources, most organizations are acquiring Identity Management Systems (IDM). This paper presents one of the most popular IDM systems, specifically OAuth, working in the scope of Mobile Cloud Computing which has many weaknesses in its protocol flow. OAuth is a Delegated Authorization protocol, and not an Authentication protocol and this is where the problem lies. This could lead to very poor security decisions around authentication when the basic OAuth flow is adhered to. OAuth provides an access token to a client, so that it can access a protected resource, based on the permission of the resource owner. Many researchers have opted to implement OpenlD alongside OAuth so as to solve this problem. But OpenlD similarly has several security flows. This paper presents scenarios of how insecure implementations of OAuth can be abused maliciously. We incorporate an authentication protocol to verify the identities before authorization is carried out.

• Journal of Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-17
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• 2019

This study examined the efficacy of development control in the monitoring of building developments in Kenya, a case study of Kisii Town. It focused on the extent to which the 1968 Building Code was enforced by the County Government of Kisii in an attempt to promote quality assurance. The target population comprised 7,430 residential developments from where a sample size of 364 was proportionately and randomly drawn. Research findings indicated that 39% of developers were unaware that their developments should have been inspected during construction. Similarly, awareness of building inspection significantly predicted if developers issued Notices of Inspection to the planning authority to facilitate inspections. Consequently, developers who were unaware that their building constructions required inspection were 99.9% less likely to issue such notices. Moreover, developers who did not obtain development permission were correspondingly 99.9% less likely to issue Inspection Notices. As a result, those who did not issue Notices of Inspection were 99.8% less likely to have their buildings inspected during construction due to lack of records indicating when such constructions had commenced. The study concludes that although the County Government of Kisii is lawfully mandated to monitor building developments in Kisii Town, the function is not well executed. This gap affords developers with an opportunity of not conforming to the approved building plans.

• Journal of the Korea Management Engineers Society
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.125-141
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• 2018

As global competition is intensifying, companies are entering not only developed markets but also emerging and developing countries. In emerging and developing countries, business-to-governmental relations are an essential factor influencing the firm performance. The purpose of this research is to examine the effects of corporate political activities on firm performance. Using the BEEPS data developed by the EBRD and the World Bank, the effect of various bribery activities regarded as corporate political activities on the firm performance was examined. Also, the moderating effect of competition type on the firm performance was proved. As the results, the bribery contribution, which is a corporate political activity, has a positive effect on the firm performance. Specifically, when infrastructure bribery occurred, costs and sales were higher, and when permission bribery was granted, profits, costs, and sales were higher. In addition, the effect of bribery as a corporate political activity on firm performance is moderated by competition type. These findings have academic and practical implications for empirical analyzing of SMEs' firm performance, guidelines suggestion for entry into the other countries, generalization possibility of using credible data, developing and designing export support systems and programs. Finally, limitations of the research and future research directions were discussed.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.81-90
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• 2011

The altitude criteria of 'Management of Mountains District Act' and 'National Land Planning and Utilization Act' are different because the adaptive reuse permissions on mountains district by two acts have been operated individually and each criteria has some problems for application. This study aims to suggest proposals for improvements of altitude criteria by two acts. The altitude criteria of the duel legal systems were researched by literature review and inherent issues were derived by interview with public officers and GIS tools applied to cases. The results are as follows : First, duel criteria systems need to be integrated based on the format by 'Management of Mountains District Act'. Second, the criteria index(50/100) by 'Management of Mountains District Act' need to be adjusted due to the preserved area ratio in mountains district and the each definition of 'the peak point of the mountain' and 'the tail of the mountain' can be changed as 'the highest point within the same slope(including ridge)' and as 'the average of the highest and the lowest point on boundary between the mountain district and the other land use district'. Third, the method of slope division may be determined by the conditions of local areas and the discrepancy between the two slopes in common boundaries must be adjusted. Finally, the maps containing preservation areas and development areas need to be notified.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.433-440
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• 2013

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport was developed the Construction CALS system for improvement of the construction economy. Construction CALS system is consist by Construction Portal System, Construction Management System, Construction Authorization and Permission System, Compensation Management System, Facility Maintenance Management System and has utilized at construction site of more than 900. Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport and related researcher was proposed method of various function improvements for usability of the system. However, the proposed method was expanded the problems like increase of system management cost and development cost with decrease of data process rate. The problem was increases because has added of only service function without modify of software structure to the system on each different platform base. One of the methods for solving problems is to apply the e-Government framework and then integrated the different platform. The purpose of this paper is analyse of the applicability and efficiency of e-Government framework to the construction CALS system. For that was analyzed the e-Government standard framework and the developments case. And then was verified about the adaption possibility and efficiency by use the Function Point tool.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.561-566
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• 2011

In general, the early stage of urban renewal such as preparing a master plan and processing administrative works including planning permission are conducted by local governments in Korea. The local governments need to review the status of projects that are undergone in other local governments' territories. However, no integrated information system to manage information to this end at the level of nation exists in Korea. If the system would be developed, it may support central government to obtain information on required resources at the national level. In addition, local governments can gain guidance on the process and recognize potential problematic situations from others experience. The system should include functions to collect data on project summary, cost and schedule of projects according to local governments. The expected effects from using the information system are as following. First, information generated from project practice become more credible on account of management at the national level. Because the authorized party such as system administrative agents of governments are responsible for collecting and managing data. Second, the unified information system with no regard to the place where projects progresses reduces the efforts for accumulating reference data for aiding local governments decision making by providing appropriate information timely. Also, enhanced information accessibility for stakeholders make the project process clear. Finally, oversight management is enforced with visualization technology adopted in the system, presenting master plan and mass model including information on usage by floors and progressing information graphically. Ultimately, potential challenges can be anticipated by considering records accumulated from other local governments' projects. This paper presents concept, functionalities, and architecture of information system enabling to manage data from individual projects and aggregate those for oversight management for local and central governments. As a part of systems analysis, general requirements of briefing system for governments and necessary data fields to this end are identified.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.218-226
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• 2011

Purpose: This study aimed to explore the public attitude toward the development of national health program for cancer survivorship. Based on the results of this survey suggest the necessity of national health program for cancer survivorship. Methods: We surveyed 1,015 adults who were over 20 years of age from the sixteen cities and local districts of Korea. We conducted a telephone survey with a structured questionnaire on the post-treatment care at the nation and on the permission as the handicapped for cancer. Results: Fifty-six percent of respondents answered that post-treatment program at the national level is very necessary and twenty-seven percent replied that it is necessary. Respondents emphasized 'Expanding insurance coverage for post-treatment care' (29.8%) and 'Systematic education and rehabilitation programs after treatment' (25.6%). This study found that a lower educational level [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.04~1.77], earning under 300 per month [aOR=1.36; 95% CI=1.04~1.77], being married (60.2%) [aOR=1.79; 95% CI=1.34~2.37] and thought higher level of cancer treatment in Korea than the advanced (64.4%) [aOR=1.56; 95% CI=1.15~2.12] influenced the positive attitude toward a national health program. Sixty-eight percent of respondents answered 'Strongly agree' or 'agree' to permission for cancer survivors as the handicapped. People who have been married (72.4%) [aOR=1.89; 95% CI=1.41~2.53] and who have had a lower educational level [aOR=1.35; 95% CI=1.03~1.78] responded that they agree more to permission for cancer survivors as the handicapped. Conclusion: This study shows the positive public attitude of the public toward the national health program for the cancer survivors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.74-83
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• 2018

Anyone who wants to install local ventilation system must obtain a permission from the Ministry of Employment and Labor even if he has permission from the Ministry of Environment. This is because not only the Atmospheric Environmental Protection Act, but also the manufacturing industry's hazardous risk prevention plan under Article 48 Clause 2 of the Industrial Safety and Health Act is to be submitted by 15 days before the construction. Under the current Environmental Protection Act, the Ministry of Environment regulates only the emission of pollutants from local exhaust ventilation systems into the atmosphere and the contents of workers' safety and health within industrial sites are managed by the Ministry of Employment and Labor. Even with the approval of the Ministry of Environment, the number of unsuccessful cases by the Ministry of Employment and Labor has increased, causing a growing discontent among the sites due to production delays and additional costs of improvement. In addition, local exhaust systems that are at greater risk of fire explosion have increased the risk of severe industrial accidents due to fire explosion. This is due to insufficient design of air volume, control speed, return speed, duct size, and risk of fire explosion. This is because the criteria and procedures for approval of local exhaust ventilation systems are similar, but the Industrial Safety and Health Act adds additional screening items for safety and safety of workers and fire and explosion. In this study, the Environment Ministry and the Employment and Labor Ministry seek to find a reasonable way to operate the system by comparing local exhaust ventilation system installation approval standards.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.129-148
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• 1999

This study was performed to investigate contents of affairs and job satisfaction of sanitary officials at sanitary department and health center. and to assess attitude about transfer of sanitary affairs control to health center and to devise Improving program of sanitary affairs. Four-hundred and fifty-five sanitary officials were sent a postal questionnaire and eighty-four percent completed and returned the questionnaire (382 persons). The major results are as follows: The major sanitary affairs performed by sanitary officials were permission and filing of restaurant business (15.1%), supervision and regulation of that (14.4%). Sanitary officials answered that supervision and regulation of insanitary and/or subquality foods, planning of food sanitary administration, and permission and filing of restaurant business were their important affairs. They replied that the most serious problem of sanitary affairs was 'lack of contribution to the public health' (40.9%), 'putting first in supervision' (26.4%), and 'lack of personnels' ( 19.1 %), and the most important thing to improve sanitary affairs was the substantial inherent affairs. And they indicated that the agency to be desired for sanitary affairs control was the sanitary department (51.6%), the health center (25.4%), For the degree of satisfaction in affairs, 29.1% of sanitary officials felt proud, 59.6% felt overwork, 59.3% hoped transferring to other worksite and the major reason of transferring was lack of promotion opportunity in officials of sanitary department. disciplinary punishment and social corrupt view in officials at health center. The 41.1 % of sanitary officials at sanitary department didn't know that sanitary affairs had been stated as affairs of the health center in Community Health Act. After transferring affairs control to the health center, 14.4% of them felt more proud of affairs but 20.0% less proud. 23.2% more satisfactory but 22.4% more dissatisfactory. and 64.8% answered that sanitary affairs did not change. The results indicate that sanitary affairs should be changed to supervise and control insanitary and/or subquality foods, so that they play an important role at health promotion, and make sanitary officials feel proud at their own work.