• The Journal of Information Systems
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.95-118
• /
• 2023

Purpose This study employed the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to understand students' acceptance of online learning systems. Specifically, this study investigated the factors influencing the behavioral intention of South Korean major university students to use online learning systems for educational purposes in the period when their university life had largely returned to the state it was in before the COVID-19 pandemic. Design/methodology/approach This study examined the impact of four external factors: self-efficacy, personal innovativeness, perceived enjoyment, and system quality, on two TAM constructs: perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness. Additionally, this study explored how perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness affect the behavioral intention to use online learning systems. We conducted an online-based survey using a structured questionnaire. The data collected from the survey were then subjected to Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis to test the study's hypotheses and examine the relationships among the various constructs. Findings The findings reveal that perceived usefulness and ease of use significantly influence students' behavioral intentions to use online learning systems. Furthermore, factors of self-efficacy, perceived enjoyment, and system quality positively affect perceived usefulness and ease of use. Notably, personal innovativeness impacts ease of use but not perceived usefulness.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.49-61
• /
• 1971

The purpose of this study is to observe the administering of analgesics and sedatives to cases of surgery, the influence of the patients'situational variables on the use of these drugs, and the required number of recovery days in relation to the patients'situational variables and general conditions. Fifty patients in the age range of 15 through 65 who had undergone general surgery at Seoul national University Hospital. Woo Sok University Hospital and Koryo Hospital between May and August of 1971 were chosen for this study. They were observed with regard to the frequency of postoperative uses of analgesics and sedatives age, the required period of recovery in comparison with the situational variables of patients such as sex, age, marital status, the type and duration of anesthesia, experience of previous operation, history of other diseases, preoperative period of hospitalizations and the general conditions of patients such as sleep, stomach condition, bowel condition, urination, interest in surroundings, strength and energy, self-assistance and appetite. The study results were reviewed in a statistical method to obtain the following findings: 1. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of analgesic uses according to the number of days passed after operation. 2. The mean postoperative recovery days were 5.31 days and mote than half of the patients have never used analgesics until recovery. 3. There was a significant decrease in the frequency of sedative uses according to the number of days passed after operation. 4. The rank-order correlation between the frequency of analgesic use and that of sedative use following surgery observes in relation to the number of postoperative days was a low and negative one. 5. All of the patients except one hate used sedatives only once a day for the whole recovery period. 6. The longer they stayed in the hospital before surgery, the less have they used analgesics after surgery. 7. There were significant differences in use of analgesics after surgery by age groups; the 25-44 age group used more analgesics than the 15-24 and 45-65 age groups. 8. There were no significant differences in use of analgesics after surgery by all situational variables except the number of days of hospitalization and age. 9. The longer they stayed in the hospital before surgery, the earlier have they recovered from the surgery. 10. There were no significant differences in the number of required recovery days by all situational variables except the length of preoperative hospitalization. 11. There were no significant differences in the number of required postoperative recordedly days by the general conditions of patients.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.289-297
• /
• 2014

This study is meaningful by offering basic data that is able to enhance satisfaction with the use of medical services by the qualified recipients of medical aid and to promote health consistently while looking into their satisfaction with the use of medical services, using independent variables for the period after the introduction of the selected medical center system. The study period from August 16, 2013 was 23 August, In conclusion, with a view to enhancing satisfaction with the use of medical services by qualified recipients of medical aid after the execution of the selected medical center system, it is most important to identify with greater sufficiency and accuracy the effect of medical services by qualified recipients of medical services and any unsatisfied desire for medical services. Also, in pursuit of the use of appropriate medical services, there is a need to prepare active cooperation between medical centers and various political alternatives of the government for the effective discovery of accessibility to medical services, overcome inefficiencies in administrative procedures, establish a reasonable medical service delivery system with the guarantee of appropriate medical treatment, and improve health management.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
• /
• v.29 no.2
• /
• pp.433-447
• /
• 1999

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect a chewable tablet containing sodium flouride and lauroyl sodium sulfate on removing plaque and inhibiting gingival inflammation. A randomized parallel study was designed. 100 voluteers participated in the study. There were two test groups each with 30 subject. Test group A was instructed to brush once in the morning, and to use the tablet once in the afternoon and once in the evening. Test group B was instructed to use the tablet three times a day without brushing. There were two control groups each with 20 subjects. Control group A was instructed to brush once in the morning only. Control group B was instructed not to brush all. Two weeks before the test period, the subjects received through tooth cleaning and polishing. At baseline, GI, PI, BOP, and GCF of the Ramfjord teeth were measured in all groups. Bacteria culture was done with the plaque sampled from tooth with the deepest pocket. After 5 days, clinical indices were measured and the bacterial culture was repeated. Control group B was dropped from the study after this period. All the other groups remained and the indices and the culture was repeated after 2 weeks, and 3weeks. Also whether the oral mucosa showed signs of irritation was monitored throughout the test period. Test group A showed less PI, GI, BOP, probing depth, GCF than test group B or control group A. Especially, PI and the BOP was significantly less than that of the group that was instructed to brush once a day. This implies that the added use of this tablet aids in plaque removal in people who brush just once a day. Test group A showed increase of cocci, decrease of motile rods, and decrease of spirochetes after 14-21 days. And this was significantly different from the control group A. At no time of the test period did any of the subjects show signs of irritation of the oral mucosa or adverse reactions. Following conclusions could be obtained from this study. This chewable tablet for enhanced oral hygiene could be used as an adjunct to oral hygiene in people who do not brush adequately. The use of this tablet decreased the number of subgingival bacteria, and this could be effective in plaque removal and for prevention of gingival inflammation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.39
• /
• pp.167-179
• /
• 1998

The objective of this study is to examine the costumes of the period covered in the writings of Shilhak (practical science) scholars and to research the history of costumes and their characteristics by examining how they are worn in genre paintings which are said to describe the actual life of the period. This should be studied in order to correctly establish the history of costumes. To begin with, through the writings of the representative Shilhak scholars who are thought to have affected the changes in ordinary costumes for woman, this study examined how ordinary woman of the period looked in their costumes and how they regarded various costumes they had. Then, how their viewpoints of costumes influenced ordinary costumes was investigated. Not only relics, but what was commonly worn, as they appeared in the genre paintings that contain information about daily living of that period, were researched chronologically. The results of this study showed that the change in ordinary costumes for woman in the late Chosun period was affected by Shilhak scholars who had ideologies of Shilsakusi (use of positive methods in studying), Yiyonghusaeng (the promotion of commerce and industry and the development of techonologies), and Ky ngsech'iyong (pursuit of stability in a rural economy). Moreover, after those changes there were many more changes. However, the criticism of costumes of that time and the will of revolution affected some time, costumes changed directly. The forms of the costumes had been changed in a variety of ways following the tendencies of the times, but the origin of today's hanbok (Korean traditional dress) had already been fixed in the late Choson period. Yet, today's hanbok are for special occasions, not worn as ordinary clothing. Thus, there are several reasons why the hanbok is not suitable for daily life. One of the reasons is that Korean could not cope with the western costumes indepen-dently imported during Japanese occupation in the last period of the Choson Dynasty and con-tinuing the Japanese Colony. Thus, only a part of the ordinary costume of the late Choson period has remained until now.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.30-35
• /
• 2011

The objective of this study was to find out drug use pattern of narcotic analgesics in university hospitals in Korea. A university hospital located in Kyungbuk province was chosen for this study. The drug use pattern was analyzed in terms of ingredient, administration route, patient type, and attending department. Amount of drug usage was counted by unit dose defined by the number of ampule or vial for injectable, tablet or capsule for oral, and each for patch preparations. Result showed that 11 narcotic analgesic ingredients were used during 2007-2009, and the drug usage was increased by about 20% annually during the period. Proportion of oral preparations used for pain management was about two third of all narcotic analgesics usage and kept increasing during the period. Proportion of the drug usage for outpatients was also steadily increased. Notably, the usage of oral preparations of oxycodone, morphine, and hydromorphone was rapidly increased for the management of cancer pain while the usage of codeine and codeine-containing composite preparations for cancer pain were minimal (<10%). About 90% of all narcotic analgesics were used by physicians in Internal Department, especially in Oncology Division of the Department. These findings suggest that pain management is becoming more aggressive and in agreement with WHO's guidelines regarding selection of administration route. However, in terms of 3-step ladder for cancer pain management, the drug use pattern was not congruent to WHO's guidelines. Therefore, in conclusion, it appears that physicians need to try to be congruent to the guidelines when using narcotic analgesics for cancer pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
• /
• v.19
• /
• pp.151-188
• /
• 1990

The aims of automation efforts in libraries are the rationalization of interval work and improvement of user services. After a period of exclusive internal computer utilization, later voluntary contact with the computer (e.g., circulation control with self services), patrons of American libraries now have to go to a computer terminal if they want certain information. Online public access catalogs(OPAC) have been used in American libraries since the end of the seventies. But OP AC are accepted by patron only if they have a useful and flexible user interface. This paper briefly describes the use of online catalogs in different type of libraries, categories of user (user, non-user), aspect of catalog use in context with computer experience etc. The disscussion then focuses on the characteristics of the final report of online catalog use study of Council on Library Resources and user problems in searching, as reported in many other catalog use studies.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
• /
• v.58 no.3
• /
• pp.116-122
• /
• 2008

This study aims at defining the meaning of Pobeckchuck in the historical view-point, which appeared in the History of Joseon Dynasty, regarding the periods from the ruling period of Sunjo to that of Sunjong as the latter part of history. Pobeckchuck used in King Sejong was redressed in accordance with the measurement in the Kyeonggukdadejeon(code), in which time one Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm long. It is known that Juchuck, Hwangjongchuck, Youngjochuck, Joraegichuck etc. which had been used in the ruling period of Sejong Dynasty, were used till the period of Youngjo. Also, the document shows that in the 12th ruling period of Sunjo, Pobeckchuck was used for measurement, and in the 20th ruling period of Sunjo, newly-made ruler was only used for the measurement of fields, but no more details about how long it was. But according to the document complied at that time, one Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm long, which fact reveals that the same measurement was used as in the ruling period of Sunjo. When all the measurement laws which were established in the 3rd year of Junghee, the 6th year of Kwangmu were abolished, Pobeckchuck was solely banned from its use, which fact offers a glimpse of how confusing at that period was. The comparison and examination among many documents in the latter part of Joseon Dynasty show the differences within about 4cm that one Pobeckchuck ranged from 44.80cm to 48.80cm long. But no other document on measurement appeared in the History of Joseon Dynasty, except for the 46.80cm. Thus, the 46.80cm corrected in the ruling period of Sunjo proves that one chuck in Pobeckchuck adopted by the dynasty was used as the measurement of length till the ruling period of Sunjong.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
• /
• v.16 no.3
• /
• pp.623-630
• /
• 2007

The remarkable fact regarding the History of Chosun Dynasty(from Jungjong- Youngjo) is that any slightest evidence can't be found that Pobeckchuck was used to measure clothes or various Pobecks. There remains the document that in the 22nd years of Myeonjong, Japan required that Pobeckchuck be used, but it couldn't be allowed because of the reason it was made in the former king. This fact raises the high possibility that Pobeckchuck could be the most trustworthy standardized ruler at that time, and in other point of view, it can be presumed that the measurement in the period of King Sejong continued to have been used until this time. It can be seen that the length of one Chuck of Pobeckchuck at this time must have been equivalent to 46. 73cm of Pobeckchuck of Samchuck in the period of Sejong. In the History of Sunjo Period, many records on Pobeckchuck can be found, which fact seemed to have rectified the measurement system which was disordered by military revolt, though the reason is not clear. Also a record can be found that in the period of Sunjo, Chinese envoy required the Sunjo Regime to use Pobeckchuck for the measurement of copper pillar, which record supports the fact that Pobeckchuck is the standardized ruler. Another record that in the 26th period of Youngjo, Pobeckchuck of Samchuck was corrected according to the Kyeongkukdaejeon shows that the length of Pobeckchuck was 46.80cm at that time. Also, the record which rectified many rulers with the comparison of Hwangjong-chuck, Ju-chuck, Joryeki-chuck, Yongjo-chuck, etc. with one another reveals that the rulers used in the period of Sejong continued to have been used unchanged until in the period of Youngjo.

• Journal of architectural history
• /
• v.21 no.3
• /
• pp.73-92
• /
• 2012

This study mainly inquired characteristics and changes of 'Chang-aelgool' through 38 cases(with 161 Ssang-chang) of annex and pavillion buildings in Yeong-nam region which are built during the Chosun dynasty. The method of inquiry included actual survey of windows along with bibliographical research, and the results are as below. First, through the discovery of the term 'Chang-aelgool' as an indication of the window-forming frame in 'YeongGeonUiGwe'(1680 A.D), it is apparent that the term 'Chang-aelgool' was widely used in Korea from the late 17th century. Second, the 'Chang-aelgool' of study objects are classified into 4 categories. Type I and II are comprised of mitre-joints which cover the 4 corners of 'Chang-aelgool' and mainly used in building annex and pavillion buildings during the early period of the Chosun dynasty. Type III was widely used during the early and middle period of the Chosun dynasty and drastically dropped in number during the late period of the dynasty. Type IV is comprised of mitre-joint of the upper-half, tenon-jointing of the lower-half and widely used in annex and pavillion building during the late period of the Chosun dynasty. Third, the form of 'Chang-aelgool' has changed from rectangular form with longer width during the early period of Chosun dynasty to square form during the middle period and eventually ended up as a rectangular form with longer height during the late period of the dynasty. Fourth, it is considered that while mullion which is located in the center of 'Chang-aelgool' was mainly used around the main floored room during the early period of the Chosun dynasty, became commonly used in main floored room and 'ondol' rooms during the middle period and drastically dropped in number from then and ended up being not in use after the mid 18th century.