• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.521-534
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• 2021

Purpose: In this paper, we propose an indoor positioning scheme based on pedestrian dead reckoning using inertial measurement unit. By minimizing the effects of the orientation error of smart-phone, the more accurate estimation for the direction, the step count, and the stride can be achieved. Method: The effectiveness and the performance of the proposed scheme is evaluated by experiments, and it is compared with the conventional scheme in the same conditions. Result: The results showed that the positioning error of the proposed scheme was 0.76m, while that of the conventional scheme was 1.84m. Conclusion: Sine most people carry his/her own smart-phone, the proposed scheme can be helpful to recognize where he/she was and was heading when the fast evacuation is needed in indoors.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.175-183
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• 2021

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, comprises a group of metabolic disorders characterized by a high blood sugar level over a prolonged period of time. Diabetes is classified into type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes, and the incidence and prevalence of diabetes, mostly type 2, have increased remarkably in recent decades. A diagnosis of type 2 diabetes is greatly influenced by heredity, and it is important to prevent diabetes in people with a family history by improving lifestyle and environmental factors. Controlling overeating, obesity, lack of exercise, and stress is effective to prevent diabetes. The patient in this case report had impaired fasting glucose and mild hyperlipidemia. The patient experienced improvements in these sequelae after the administration of herbal medicine (Yangkyuksanwha-tang) for 12 weeks and the implementation of a plant-based diet. The complete blood count, XXXX, fasting blood sugar, HbA1c, insulin, and C-peptide levels were measured, and the Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) and HOMA-β were calculated according to the FBS and fasting insulin levels. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, FBS, and HbA1c levels all decreased after 12 weeks compared with baseline measures. There was no change in the insulin secretory ability; the C-peptide level did not change as a result of β-cell function; and the HOMA-β level reflected an improved insulin secretory ability.

• Spatial Information Research
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.67-76
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• 2014

Recently, through the development of IT and mobile technology, spatial information plays a role of infrastructure of the people life and the national economy. Many kinds of applications including SNS and social commerce is to leverage the spatial information for their services. In the case of domestic, spatial open platform that can provide national spatial data infrastructure services in a stable manner has been released. And many people have been interested to the open platform services. However, the open platform currently has many difficulties to analyze its service status and load in real time, because it does not hold a real-time monitoring system. Therefore, we propose a method that can analyze the real-time service status of the open platform using the analysis of the web server log information. In particular, we propose the results of the analysis as follows: amount of data transferred, network bandwidth, number of visitors, hit count, contents usage, and connection path. We think the results presented in this study is insufficient to understand the perfect service status of the open platform. However, it is expected to be utilized as the basic data for understanding of the service status and for system expansion of the open platform, every year.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2017

Objectives : This trial aimed to determine if Wasong (Orostachys japonicus) extract can enhance immune system and is safe enough to be approved as a health functional food. Methods : Total 62 people, aged 45 and older, will be recruited to participate in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. This study will compare Wasong extract and placebo. Wasong group will take 1g of Wasong extract, once a day, for 8 weeks. Placebo group will take 1g of crystalline cellulose as placebo, once a day, for 8 weeks. Outcomes will be measured at the baseline, the end of 4th week, and 8th week. Primary outcomes are the ratio of NK cells/total lymphocytes and the ratio of T-helper cells/T-suppressor cells. Secondary outcomes are total white blood cell count, the ratio of neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes in total leukocytes, the ratio of total T cells, T-helper cells, T-suppressor cells, and B cells to lymphocytes, the amount of blood IgM, IgG, IgA, and cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG, and blood metabolite target &global analysis. Results : This trial was approved by institutional review board of Pusan National University Korean Medicine Hospital (registry number: 2016006), and registered in Clinical Research information Service, one of WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (registry number: PRE20161006-002). Recruitment opened in February 2017 and is supposed to be completed by August 2017. The result is expected to be published by June 2018. Conclusion : This trial will provide clinical information to determine the efficacy and safety of Wasong in enhancing immune system of middle-aged and older people.

• The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2019

Smoking has become one of the public health harzard affecting the world. In the UK, smoking is responsible for around one in five deaths. The illnesses caused by smoking extend beyond the well-reported links with cancer, heart disease and respiratory illnesses. Hence the research to determine the awareness of the predisposing factor to smoking among adults in sokoto metropolis. A cross-sectional form of descriptive survey research design was used for this study. This is because descriptive studies are used when the characteristics of a population are either unknown or partially known (Hennekens & Buring, 2007), and it was used by Ganley and Rosario (2013) in a related research this justified the use of similar design in a study of similar nature.Two hundred and seventy returned questionnaire was collected, analyzed using descriptive statistic of frequency count, normative percentage and grand mean; as well as inferential statistics of chi-square (${\chi}^2$). The level of significant was fixed at 0.05. Appropriate degrees of freedom were worked out. There was statistical significant influence or relationship with marital status on the predisposing factors of smoking chi-square of 19716.516 greater than the critical value 43.77297at df 30 p<0.05. There were statistical significance chi-square =27468.348 which is greater than the critical value 43.77297 at df= 30. These show that there is a relationship on gender awareness of predisposing factors to smoking rejecting the null hypotheses. The respondents across different lever/year higher institution shows that the awareness of predisposing factors of smoking there were a statistical significance difference chi-square =7168.429 (df=88) greater than critical value 102.342 rejecting the null hypotheses. There is consistent evidence that links exposure to depictions of smoking in movies and initiation of smoking in young people. Over the years television shows and films have effectively built up associations between smoking and glamour, sex and risk-taking. Social learning theory describes how we learn by example from others. We are strongly influenced by our parents, and other people we look up to, such as peers, actors and pop stars. This can lead us to emulate their behaviour and try smoking.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2011

Purpose: Lymphoscintigraphy is absolutely being used standard examination in lymphatic diagnosis, evaluation after treatment, and it is useful for lymphedema to plan therapy. In case of lymphoscintigraphy of lower-extremity lymphedema, it had an effect on results if patients had not pose same position on the examination of 1 min, 1 hour and 2 hours after injection. So we'll study the methods to improve confidence with minimized quantitative analysis errors by influence factors. Materials and Methods: Being used the Infinia of GE Co. we injected $^{99m}Tc$-phytate 37 MBq (1.0 mCi) 4 sylinges into 40 people's feet hypodermically from June to August 2010 in Samsung Medical Center. After we acquired images of fixed and unfixed condition, we confirmed the count values change by attenuation of soft tissue and bone according to different feet position. And we estimated 5 times increasing 2 cm of distance between $^{99m}Tc$ point source and detector each time to check counts difference according to distance change by different feet position. Finally, we compared 1 and 6 min lymphoscintigraphy images with same position to check the effect of quantitative analysis results owing to difference of amounts of movement of the $^{99m}Tc$-phytate in the lymphatic duct. Results: Percentage difference regarding error values showed minimum 2.7% and maximum 25.8% when comparing fixed and unfixed feet position of lymphoscintigraphy examination at 1 min after injection. And count values according to distance were 173,661 (2 cm), 172,095 (4 cm), 170,996 (6 cm), 167,677 (8 cm), 169,208 counts (10 cm) which distance was increased interval of 2 cm and basal value was mean 176,587 counts, and percentage difference values were not over 2.5% such as 1.27, 1.79, 2.04, 2.42, 2.35%. Also, Assessment results about amounts of movement in lymphatic duct within 6 min until scanning after injection showed minimum 0.15%, and maximum 2.3% which were amounts of movement. We can recognize that error values represent over 20% due to only attenuation of soft tissue and bone except for distance difference (2.42%) and amounts of movement in lymphatic duct (2.3%). Conclusion: It was show that if same patients posed different feet position on the examination of 1 min, 1 hour and 2 hours after injection in the lymphoscintigraphy which is evaluating lymphatic flow of patients with lymphedema and analyzing amount of intake by lymphatic system, maximum error value represented 25.8% due to attenuation of soft tissue and bone, and PASW (Predictive Analytics Software) showed that fixed and unfixed feet position was different each other. And difference of distance between detector and feet and change of count values by difference of examination beginning time after injection influence on quantitative analysis results partially. Therefore, we'll make an effort to fix feet position and make the most of fixing board in lymphoscintigraphy with quantitative analysis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.229-239
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• 2018

As customers pay more attention to choosing food that will support their health, many people in the academic and industrial world have focused on developing foods made with bioactive components. Thus, the use of bioactive components rather than synthetic materials has increased. Because there are no limits to how bioactive components can be used, customers assume they are highly reliable and healthy to consume. In the present study, imitation crab stick samples were made from Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and silkworm cocoon powder (10 g) (T1), Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and silkworm cocoon powder (5 g) + cordyceps powder (5 g) (T2), and Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and cordyceps powder (5 g) + conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) (5 g) (T3). The pH and shear force increased after 2 weeks of storage in all three samples. Shear force was significantly higher in the T3 sample in comparison to the T1 and T2 samples. In meat color, redness ($a^{\ast}$) and whiteness (W) increased as the storage periods increased in all three samples, whereas yellowness ($b^{\ast}$) decreased during storage. The T2 sample was significantly higher in redness ($a^{\ast}$), yellowness ($b^{\ast}$), and deformation than the other two samples. The addition of bioactive components did not influence the texture properties in any of the samples. Lipid oxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]) and microorganism count (total plate count [TPC]) were significantly higher in the T1 sample than the two other samples, whereas protein degradation (volatile basic nitrogen [VBN]) was higher in the T2 sample than the other samples. Total amino acid content decreased in the T1 and T3 samples as the storage period increased. Consequently, the T3 sample of Alaska Pollack with breast recovered protein from spent laying hens and cordyceps powder (5 g) + conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was found to have the necessary functionality to be considered for use in making imitation crab sticks.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.365-377
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• 2012

Objectives : This research was conducted to determine the effect of the Visiting Oral Health Care Program by examining the oral health of the elderly women, who are the beneficiaries of this Visiting Oral Care Program. Methods : This research was conducted from November of 2011 to February of 2012, in Chilgok-gun in the Kyeongbuk Province, South Korea. One hundred and twenty five (125) elderly women among the beneficiaries of the Visiting Oral Care Program within the area were randomly selected for the research. The research subjects would regularly visit the area senior citizen center, and they were divided into two groups, with 64 of them belonging to a control group, and the rest (61 people) belonged to a intervention group. The research subjects were examined for their dental health condition, and we investigated the effect of the Visiting Oral Care Program through this research. Results : 1. When they were asked about how many times they wash their dentures, the majority of the control group, 57.4% of them answered that they do it "once" a day. The majority of the intervention group answered "more than 3 times", with 35.2% of group mentioning that they wash their dentures more than 3 times a day(p<.001). 2. When the research subjects were asked to scale their overall quality of life before and after the Visiting Oral Care Program, the control group had rated 49.3 before the Service and 56.8 after the Service (p<.01), and scores for the individual factors to determine the overall quality of life has significantly improved as well (p<.01, p<.01, p<.01, p<.01, p<.01, p<.01, p<.01). 3. The oral hygiene condition after the Visiting Oral Care Program has shown improvement as well. The control group scored 64.2 for the severity of the symptoms of dental plaque before the dental care, and scored 46.8 after the dental care (p<0.1). The control group was diagnosed for the symptoms of coated tongue, and the severity of the symptoms were scaled as 3.7 before the Program and 2.0 after the Program (p<.01). Furthermore, the overall functionality of the oral cavity was improved as well. The control group showed 1.0 time increase in repetitive voluntary swallowing test (p<0.1), increased amount of sublingual saliva from 0.8mm to 1.4mm, and from 1.6mm to 2.0mm in dorsum linguae(p<0.1). Also, the control group showed an improvement in mouth opening as well, increased from 3.9 to 4.0cm after the oral care program (p<.05). When compared the result with the examination after the Visiting Oral Care Program, the two groups showed a significant difference with the control group showing a significant improvement compared to the intervention group(p<.01, p<.01, p<.01, p<.01, p<.05). 4. The correlation between the dental hygiene condition and the functionality of oral was made for the result of examining the beneficiaries for Visiting Oral Care Program. The amount of saliva showed a negative correlation with the severity of dental plaque (p<.05), and a positive correlation with the repetitive voluntary swallowing count (p<0.1). Also, mouth opening showed a positive correlation with repetitive voluntary swallowing count (p<.05). Conclusions : After the Visiting Orall Care Program, the beneficiaries of the program experienced improvement in their quality of life related to oral health, overall oral hygiene and functionality of oral.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.53-66
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• 1998

This study was carried out to investigate the typical composition of food waste from municipal solid wastes (MSW) and unit food waste generation rates from different sources in the model cities and to study the food waste management system from unit household to composting facilities. The annual average food waste composition of MSW was determined as 49% in Taejon and 52% in Chungnam Province, respectively. No big difference in food waste composition was found among the different sources. Since the paper waste generally occupied the half of food waste, over 75% of MSW was found to be compostable or biodegradable. Per capita food waste generation rate, 200~250g/capita day was determined by the direct measurement from 32 households, while 380g/capita day for Chungnam Province and 400 g/capita day for Taejon were estimated by the load count analysis In the sanitary landfills. This difference means people contribute generating food waste at outside house approximately twice as much as that at inside house. Per capita food waste generation rates from several sources were determined as follows; 166~215g/capita day at municipalities, 400g/visitor day at a first class hotel, 170g/student day at a university restaurant. Food waste generation from restaurant was strongly dependant upon it's level or quality; 670g/capita day at the high level restaurant, 190g/capita day at the middle class and 60 g/capita day at the lower class restaurant. The food waste reduction rate in a In situ fermentor showed 30~40g/kg day.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.305-311
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• 2013

This study involves an experiment using functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) to delineate brain activation for execution functional performance. Participates to this experiment of the normal adult (man 4, woman 6) of 10 people, is not inserts the metal all closed phobia and 24.5 year-old average ages which the operating surgeon experience which are not they were. The subject for a functional MRI experiment word -color test prosecuting attorney subject rightly at magnetic pole presentation time of 30 first editions and after presenting, uses SPM 99 programs and the image realignment, after executing a standardization (nomalization), a difference which the signal burglar considers the timely order as lattice does, pixel each image will count there probably is, in order to examine rest and active crossroad dividing independence sample t-test (p<.05). Overlapped in this standard anatomic image and got a brain activation image from level of significance 95%. With functional MRI resultant execution function inside being relation, the prefrontal lobe, anterior cingulate gyrus, parietal lobe, orbitofrontal gyrus, temporal lobe, parietal lobe was activated. The execution function promotes a recovery major role from occupational therapy, understanding about the damage mechanism is important. When confirms the brain active area which accomplishes an execution function brain plasticity develops the cognitive therapeutic method which is effective increases usefully very, will be used.