• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.175-180
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• 2008

Traumatic injuries to the primary dentition are commonly encountered problems in dental practice. It is found that 30% of the children had injuries to the primary dentition and 22% to the permanent dentition. The greatest incidence of trauma to the primary dentition occurs at the ages of 2 and 3 as children start to learn motor coordination. Because teeth and alveolar bone are traumatized simultaneously, alveolar bone fractures are likely to occur when multiple teeth are involved in injuries. Dental splints are indicated for the management of maxillofacial fractures. They enable anatomic reduction of fractured segments and help immobilization and maintenance of the fragments after reduction. They also act as a stabilizer during rehabilitation. Various types of dental splints are available. In this case, routine resin-wire splint technique could not be applied because of the child's uncooperative behavior. Oral sedation was not indicated because N.P.O. had not been preceded. Therefore, we decided to use open-cap acrylic splint instead. Stabilization using open cap acrylic splint requires minimum chair time with reduced discomfort to both patient and dentist. It is an effective means of splint for uncooperative children and especially useful when other means of fixation have been failed. Because trauma on the primary dentition can affect the underlying permanent tooth germ, it is important to monitor eruption process of the permanent dentition.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.146-150
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• 1999

With the improved cure rates for childhood malignant conditions in the past decade, late effects of cancer therapy must be recognized to minimize their impact on the quality of life in long-term survivors. Chemoradiation therapy is a major part of pediatric oncology treatment and is implicated in causing tooth agenesis, microdontia, root shortening, early apical closure, and coronal hypocalcification. Dental development may be affected by illness, trauma, chemotherapy, or radiation therapy at any point prior to complete maturation. Treatment given during the first 3.5 years of life was more likely to affect the dental lamina and crown formation and result in a small tooth. Dental treatment affected by chemoradiation damage to developing teeth includes orthodontic tooth movement, prosthetic abutment consideration, periodontal health, space maintenance, requirement for home fluoride regimens to protect hypomineralized teeth, and enodontic procedures. Dental abnormalities are common in patients treated for cancer, and these children require aggressive dental follow-up. Meticulous surveillance may facilitate detection of abnormalities, enabling the dental practitioner to intervene earlier in promoting a more aggressive regimen of oral care, thus reducing the morbidity associated with dental sequelae of oncotherapy, specifically periodontal disease and malocclusion. In this case, we report microdontia of all permanent second premolar and second molar in an 8 year old boy treated with chemotherapeutic agents during period of active dental development(14 months to 38 months of age).

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.240-247
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• 1999

Primary anterior teeth requiring extensive restorative therapy due to caries, trauma or developmental defects can present a particularly challenging problem for the pediatric dentist. The ideal restorative technique would combine strength, durability esthetics and efficiency in placement. Couple these concerns with the technical difficulties of operating on children with behavior management problems, and the dentist is left with the difficult task of choosing from a variety of restorative options. Restorative modalities currently in use to treat primary anterior teeth include bonding with composite resin as in celluloid strip crowns, conventional stainless steel crowns, open-faced stainless steel crowns, commercially and chairside veneered stainless steel crowns and epoxy-coated stainless steel crowns. Each of these techniques presents technical, functional or esthetic compromises that complicate their efficient and effective usage. This is a report of the results obtained at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, College of Dentistry Seoul National University, through the use of these various methods of treating primary anterior teeth.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.482-487
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• 2010

Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is the most common psychiatric disorder in school-age children which is increasing gradually. It is hard for ADHD children to focus on particular stimulus for a long time. ADHD children are characterized by hyperactivity which shows in behaviors like, talking too much, getting up from their seats without permission, running around, keep on moving their arms and legs. ADHD children have problems with impulse controlling that they tend to fall and get into an accident very often. Thus dentist's attention and care must increase when dental treatment is performed with ADHD children since behavior control, oral hygiene problems, and trauma might be expected. By using sedative drugs and psychological behavior control, chief complaint was resolved in a 8-years-old female diagnosed for ADHD.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.53-57
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• 2015

Most special health care needs (SHCN) people suffer from oral health problems due to high incidence and severity of oral disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of dental treatment provided in this patient population. The study population comprised 485 SHCN patients who visited Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital from 2006 to 2014. Based on the medical record, the date were evaluated according to age, gender, type of disorder, reason for visit, type of behavior management, and type of dental treatment. The most common age group was 7-12 year olds (26%). The chief compliant was dental caries (39%), as followed by oral exam (12%) and trauma (12%). Approximately half of SHCN patients (45.9%) was treated under behavior management. Restorative treatment was the most common procedure with the average of 2.9 teeth treated per patient. The results of the present study may be valuable for establishing the data of SHCN patients for primary dental care.

• Pediatric Infection and Vaccine
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.143-146
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• 1998

Syphilis is a systemic communicable disease caused by the motile spirochete, Treponema pallidum, which is only a natural pathogen for human. The distribution and trends of syphilis are influenced by biologic factors, sexual behaviors, biomedical technology, availability of and access to health care, public health efforts, changes in population dynamics, and sociocultural factors. Although sexual contact is the main route of transmission, Treponema pallidum may also be infected through direct contact with syphilitic lesions, blood transfusion, ingestion of menstrual blood or vaginal secretions, or transplacental transmissions. In extremely unusual circumstances, infection by means of contact with a skin lesion and human bite have been reported. We experienced a case of syphilis which is thought to be infected by the abnormal imposition of hands on a child, which caused unnecessary erosive trauma with fingernails.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.819-826
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• 2013

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze the types of dental emergencies. This study was carried out for dental trauma patients visiting the emergency room in H hospital from 2005 to 2006. Methods : Subjects were 252 patients. Demographic characteristics consisted of age, gender, dentition, and dental related injury. Results : Male patients had 1.65 times higher tooth injury than female. Teenagers had higher prevalence of tooth injury. Main cause of dental injury was falling down. Young children accounted for 41.7% of the injuries. Late evening was the highest outbreak time of injury. The most commonly affected teeth were central incisor and lateral incisor. The damage of oral soft tissue was more common than the that of alveolar bone. Main area of primary tooth loss was gingiva(10.7%), tongue or soft palate(7.5%), and frenulum(6.0%). Subluxation(28.6%) and luxation(28.6%) were main cause for the primary teeth. Tooth fracture(50.0%) were the most common injury. Conclusions : Thus, to understand the incidence, causes and patterns of dental trauma is to help preserving natural teeth. The results of this study could provide the clinical guidelines on the treatment of dental emergency patients.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.45-47
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• 2024

Peripheral nerves may be affected or injured for several reasons. Peripheral nerve damage can result from trauma, surgery, anatomical abnormalities, entrapment, systemic diseases, or iatrogenic injuries. Trauma and iatrogenic injuries are the most common causes. The ulnar, median, and radial nerves are the most injured nerves in the upper extremities, while the sciatic and peroneal nerves are the most injured nerves in the lower extremities. The clinical symptoms of peripheral nerve damage include pain, weakness, numbness/ tingling, and paresthesia. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of peripheral nerve injuries are crucial. If a peripheral nerve injury is left untreated, it can lead to severe complications and significant morbidity. The sciatic nerve is one of the most affected nerves. This nerve is generally injured by trauma and iatrogenic causes. Children are more susceptible to trauma than adults. Therefore, sciatic nerve injuries are observed in pediatric patients. When the sciatic nerve is damaged, pain, weakness, sensory loss, and gait disturbances can occur. Therefore, the diagnosis and treatment of sciatic nerve injuries are important to avoid unexpected consequences. Ultrasound can play an important role in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve injury and the follow-up of patients. The aim of this case report is twofold. First, we aimed to emphasize the critical role of ultrasonographic evaluation in the diagnosis of peripheral nerve injuries and pathologies. Second, we aimed to present this case, which has distinguishing features, such as the existence of periostitis ossificans progressiva with sciatic neurotmesis due to a traumatic glass injury.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.475-485
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• 1980

For the past 5 year 6 months from January 1975 to June 1980, 176 patients with empyema have been treated in Chonnam University Hospital. They were 134 males and 42 females ranging from ] 8 days to 69 years of age. [mean age: 26.1 years] The duration of illness prior to treatment was relatively shorter in pediatric group than in adult group, that is, the duration of less than 1 month was 89.5% in pediatric group and 38.0% in adult group. In bacteria study there were Staphylococcus 26.1%, Streptococcus 17.6%, E. coil 10.8%, Pseudomonas 10.8%, Diplococcus pneumoniae 5.7% and Candidia. And 4 children and 3 adults had infections of two species of bacteria. The underlying pathologic lesions were pyogenic pneumonia 34.7%, tuberculosis 29.5%, paragonimiasis 15.3%, trauma 9.7% and postoperative state. The over-all mortality rate was 1.7% [3 patients]. The causes of death were sepsis In 1 child and sepsis secondary to esophageal fistula in 2 adults. Adequate drainage and obliteration of the pleural space seems to be the most important aspect of treatment and can frequently be achieved by initial tube drainage in acute empyema, especially in the pediatric group. The chronic thick walled or loculated cavities required open window therapy, decortication, resection therapy and sterilization. Modified Eloesser`s operation and 0.3-0.5% potadine irrigation brought good result in the patients who had general weakness, marked pulmonary parenchymal destruction due to pyothorax, and pyothorax with severe bronchopleural fistula.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.611-616
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• 1994

A major cause of missing permanent incisors is congenital abscence and extraction because of trauma and pathologic condition. The request for restoration of missing or spaced anterior teeth is common in dental practice. Problems, such as the tilting, drifting, and rotation of teeth adjacent to the space, complicate the restoration of apperance, and a normally simple restorative dental procedure may become difficult. There are two primary treatment alternatives to improving a dentition's irregular and spaced apperance-closing the space by orthodontic means or providing a prosthesis to disguise the space. The treatment choice depends on many variables, but, as a general rule, patients with a normal overbite, overjet, and buccal relationship are better treated by maintaining the sapce and providing a prosthesis, either fixed or removable. This case report presents two cases : Traumatic loss of maxillary right and left central incisors, Extraction of malformed mandibular right central inciosr. The loss of central incisor space was regained by the fixed-removable and fixed orthodontic appliance, and then Maryland bridge was cemented.