• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.136-141
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• 2010

개에서 Medetomidine (MED)과 tiletamine/zolazepam (ZT) 병용마취시에 통증자극에 대한 반응으로 판단되는 외과적 마취기에 적절한 진통효과가 나타나는지를 확인하기 위해 뇌파를 이용하여 실험을 실시하였다. 임상적으로 건강한 비글견 7두를 이용하여 동일견을 대조군과 통증자극군에 이용하였다, 대조군은 MED $30\;{\mu}g/kg$ 투여 후 15분에 ZT 10 mg/kg을 각각 근육주사하였으며, 통증자극군은 대조군과 동일한 방법으로 약물을 투여한 다음 ZT 투여 후 10분부터 45분까지 5분 간격으로 pedal withdrawal reflex test를 실시하였다. 각각의 기록시간대에서 뇌파의 band power,평균동맥혈압과 심박수를 측정하여 실험군간 비교하였다. 뇌파 기록전극은 International 10-20 system을 이용하여 Cz에, 기준전극과 접지전극은 양쪽 귀에 장착하였다. 뇌파 분석상 저주파 band가 높은 power를 보이고 고주파 band가 낮은 power를 나타냈으나 군간 유의성 있는 차이는 발견할 수 없었다. 평균 동맥혈압과 심박수는 TZ 투여 10분 후 두 군 모두 상승하였으나 군간 유의성은 없었다. 본 실험 결과, 개에서 MED와 ZT 병용마취는 외과적 마취기에 우수한 진통효과를 제공하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.197-204
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• 2017

The aim of this study was to evaluate driving performance of normal subjects for controlling the steering wheel by using foot operated steering devices in the driving simulator. Many people with complete bilateral loss or loss of use of upper limbs but with normal lower limbs are frequently left without use and/ or control of their hands, arms, or the upper extremities of their bodies. As a result, persons disabled in this manner have problems in operation an automobile because they cannot grasp and manipulate a conventional steering wheel. Therefore, if foot operated steering devices are used for controlling the vehicle on in people with disabilities, the disabled people could improve their community mobility by driving a car safely. Ten normal subjects were involved in this research to evaluate steering performance by using three types of steering devices(conventional steering wheel, pedal type foot steering, circular type foot steering) in driving simulator. STISim Drive 3 program was used for testing the driving performance in two road scenarios: straight road and curved road at low and high speed of vehicle (40 km/h and 80 km/h). This study used two-way ANOVA to compare the influences of two factors(type of foot steering device and road scenario) in the three dependent variables of steering performance(standard deviation of lateral position, the lateral position of vehicle and the number of line crossing). The average values of the three dependent variables(standard deviation of lateral position, lateral position and the number of line crossing) of driving performance were significantly smaller for conventional steering wheel or pedal type foot steering than circular type foot steering.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 실제 자전거 주행에 적용 가능한 자동변속장치를 개발하기 위하여 자전거용 변속장치 중 내장기어허브를 이용하여 자전거 자동변속장치를 개발하였다. 개발된 자동변속장치는 주행 중 페달rpm과 주행속도를 측정하여 자동변속을 수행하며, 최대심박수의 ~80% 부근에서 ~150W정도의 주행출력을 낼 수 있는 일반적인 이용자가 사용가능하도록 개발되었다. 서울시 한강변 자전거 주행로의 경사를 구현한 실내주행 실험결과 자동변속장치는 자전거 주행시 이용자의 페달rpm을 적정한 수준에서 유지하도록 변속을 수행하였으며, 자전거 이용이 서투른 이용자도 적정한 페달rpm을 유지하며 주행할 수 있었다.

• Journal of Veterinary Science
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.68.1-68.8
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• 2022

Background: Studies on anesthetized dogs regarding pulse pressure variation (PPV) are increasing. The influence of respiratory rate (RR) on PPV, in mechanically ventilated dogs, has not been clearly identified. Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of RR on PPV in mechanically ventilated healthy dogs after hemorrhage. Methods: Five healthy adult Beagle dogs were premedicated with intravenous (IV) acepromazine (0.01 mg/kg). Anesthesia was induced with alfaxalone (3 mg/kg IV) and maintained with isoflurane in 100% oxygen. The right dorsal pedal artery was cannulated with a 22-gauge catheter for blood removal, and the left dorsal pedal artery was cannulated and connected to a transducer system for arterial blood pressure monitoring. The PPV was automatically calculated using a multi-parameter monitor and recorded. Hemorrhage was induced by withdrawing 30% of blood (24 mL/kg) over 30 min. Mechanical ventilation was provided with a tidal volume of 10 mL/kg and a 1:2 inspiration-to-expiration ratio at an initial RR of 15 breaths/min (baseline). Thereafter, RR was changed to 20, 30, and 40 breaths/min according to the casting lots, and the PPV was recorded at each RR. After data collection, the blood was transfused at a rate of 10 mL/kg/h, and the PPV was recorded at the baseline ventilator setting. Results: The data of PPV were analyzed using the Friedman test followed by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test (p < 0.05). Hemorrhage significantly increased PPV from 11% to 25% at 15 breaths/min. An increase in RR significantly decreased PPV from 25 (baseline) to 17%, 10%, and 10% at 20, 30, and 40 breaths/min, respectively (all p < 0.05). Conclusions: The PPV is a dynamic parameter that can predict a dog's hemorrhagic condition, but PPV can be decreased in dogs under high RR. Therefore, careful interpretation may be required when using the PPV parameter particularly in the dogs with hyperventilation.

• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.105-110
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• 2012

This paper designs the high-efficiency and the low-cost drive system of the smallsize electric vehicles (EVs). The power circuit for driving the dc motor is designed by considering both the cost and efficiency. In order to reduce the conduction loss of MOTFET and diode for controlling an armature voltage, some MOSFETs and diodes at the armature are in parallel connection. An operating sequence for both the field current and the armature voltage according to the accelerator pedal angle is suggested for changing smoothly the rotating direction of dc motor. Through the simulation studies, the performances of the proposed methods are verified.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제65권4호
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• pp.642-651
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• 2016

For the acceleration and brake systems of an autonomous vehicle, the dynamic models from acceleration (brake) pedal input to driving(braking) torque at the vehicle wheel are represented by a set of linear transfer functions in this paper. We present an experimental method that can identify these models using a single rectangular pulse response data. Various magnitude of inputs with different running speeds are applied to experimental tests. All the identified models are demonstrated by the measured data. Both acceleration and brake models have been also validated by comparing the velocity of a full vehicle model associated with the proposed models with the measured vehicle velocity.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권11호
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• pp.1634-1640
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• 2012

This paper develops the high-efficiency drive system of the small-size electric vehicles (EVs) driven by the brushed dc motors. A power circuit for driving the dc motor is designed with the H-bridge circuit and buck converter by considering both the efficiency and cost. In order to change smoothly the rotating direction of dc motor driven by the proposed power circuit, an operating sequence for both the field current and the armature voltage according to an accelerator pedal angle is suggested. Through the simulation studies and experimental results with the low-cost 8-bit AVR, the performances of the proposed methods are verified.

• 전자공학회논문지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.134-139
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• 2017

본 논문에서는 전기자전거의 정밀 토크제어를 위하여 새로운 토크제어 방식을 제안하고 구현한다. 트로틀 노이즈를 제거하기 위한 이동 평균 필터를 채택함으로써 256 단계의 세분화된 트로틀 단계로 전기자전거의 제어가 가능하다. 설계된 컨트롤러는 전기자전거에 장착 실험되어 기존의 Cadence 감지 컨트롤러 대비 개선된 선형 제어특성을 확인하였다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.569-574
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• 2008

자동차에서 디스크 편차 변이(Disk Thickness Variation : DTV)가 차체 진동 혹은 브레이크 페달 떨림 발생의 근원이 되므로 이를 운전자 보호차원에서 또는 생산 초기 출하시점에서 이를 검사할 수 있는 측정기기의 개발에 본 연구의 목적이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이런 DTV정보와 Labview 언어를 이용한 휴대용 Brake Judder측정 시스템을 개발하였다.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.17-22
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• 2022

In this paper, we propose the improved EDR (Event Data Recorder) storage data, which can identify the cause of unintended acceleration of eco-friendly vehicles. The proposed EDR storage data includes the brake pressure sensor value and a brake pedal travel sensor value. To verify the proposed EDR storage data, we observe the control algorithm and internal structure of the vehicle dynamic control system and a regenerative braking system in an eco-friendly vehicle.