• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.843-853
• /
• 2017

In the case of electronic payment, the obligation to use the certificate-based authentication was abolished. As Fin-tech service providers gain autonomy, various authentication methods are provided. SMS, ARS, PIN, Text-passwords, Fingerprints are popular authentication methods in the mobile Fin-tech services. In this study evaluate the usability and security of authentication methods in a unified mobile environment. We evaluate the usability through SUS and interview. Also we evaluate the security level of authentication methods through NIST guideline. At the result of the usability evaluation, Fingerprint authentication method had been determined as the highest usability, also Fingerprint authentication method had been determined as the safest authentication method by obtaining Security Level 4.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.447-463
• /
• 2005

The purposes of this study is to investigate the factor structure of web-site characteristics and antecedents factors affected to trust, satisfaction and behavioral intention of web-site. Refined data were consisted of 4 internet shopping mall survey and estimated the perception to visiting web site. Statistical methods are adapted Frequency, Factor Analysis and CFA(Confirmatory Factor Analysis) of LISREL. 8 program. Research findings are as follows. The factors of web characteristics indicated to product information/buying procedure clarification, stability and function of system, usability of web site, security and protection of individual information, design, clarification of enterpriser information, various payment methods and customer service. In regression analysis, dependent variables were trust, satisfaction and behavioral intention. reputation of site were significantly effected variables. External variables consisted of the 4 characteristics of web-site and reputation and trust, satisfaction and behavioral intention were internal factor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
• /
• 2009.05b
• /
• pp.131-135
• /
• 2009

Domestic construction industry is facing big difficulties by a worldwide financial crisis. Especially the deterioration of liquidity by the reject of banks for project financing and unsold housing project made a big problem on financing for the ongoing and new projects. To solve this, it is critical for construction companies. banking facilities and public organizations to cooperate and support each other. In this study, the methods which each part can do are investigated. Construction companies can do a price reduction, finance condition improvement for deposit and down payment, asset sale and cost reduction. And Public organizations can buy the assets of construction companies with proper price and ease the regulation to activate transactions of real estate. In the case of Banking facilities, they can support arrangement and liquidation of insolvent projects and so on.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.118-123
• /
• 2015

Purpose: This study was conducted in order to present basic policy data for introduction of a home-based physical therapy (HBPT) policy. Methods: The study surveyed physical therapists and patients for six weeks, in order to identify satisfaction with physical therapy. The statistical significance of the management plan with regard to costs and cost estimation and payment methods was determined and managed according to the operating principals of HBPT, eligibility criteria, number of visits, treatment time, and team approach. Results: Through the survey all groups of patients and physical therapists recognized the need for HBPT. They felt that the most desirable methods for activation of physical therapy visits involve precise diagnosis and evaluation through a team approach. While making regular visits to the patient three times a week, an expert visiting physical therapist with 3 to 5 years of experience in the clinical field could provide central nerve developmental treatment in less than 60 minutes; this service could be provided at a reasonable cost, minimizing unnecessary hospital visits, reducing time, medical expenses and facilitating a quick recovery due to psychological satisfaction resulting from a decrease in the psychological anxiety patients often experience in medical institutions. Conclusion: Based on the study results provided above, if HBPT is to be introduced, appropriate pricing and programs should be based on the results of pilot projects.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
• /
• v.51 no.8
• /
• pp.379-384
• /
• 2002

In the competitive electricity market, various pricing methods are developed and practiced in many countries. Among these pricing methods, marginal loss factor(MLF) can be applied to reflect the marginal cost of network losses. For the calculation of MLF, power flow method has been used to calculate system loss deviation. However, this power flow method shows some shortcomings such as necessity of regional reference node, and absence of an ability to consider network constraints like line congestion, voltage limit, and generation output limit. The former defect might affects adversely to the equity of market participants and the latter might generate an inappropriate price signals to customers and generators. To overcome these defects, the utilization of optimal power flow(OPF) is suggested to get the system loss deviation in this paper. 30-bus system is used for the case study to compare the MLF results by the power flow and the OPF method for 24-hour dispatching and pricing, Generator payment and customer charge are compared with these two methods also. The results show that MLF by OPF reflects the power system condition more faithfully than that of by the conventional power flow method

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• v.2 no.2
• /
• pp.19-25
• /
• 2015

This research is aimed the furthest development of the conception of Human capital formation. The study made on the base of methods of scientific classification and systematization; dialectical method and the method of scientific abstraction, systematic and comparative analysis; expert assessment and ratings. Formation of the competitive human capital is one of the most important goals of modern development of Kazakhstan in condition of the innovative economy construction. In this context the necessity of formation and development of the effective human capital considerably increases. Realization of this requires definition of a technique of measurement of its cost as well. The authors attempt to calculate the value of human capital for Kazakhstan during independency time. In order to determine the methods of its quantitative and qualitative assessment different methodological ways for human capital research are studied. On the basis of the study, it was revealed that formation of the competitive human capital can't be considered in a separation from development and modernization of system of quality education, improvement of the employment sphere, worthy payment for work.

• Perspectives in Nursing Science
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.23-35
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the demand and supply of advanced practice nurses and suggest alternative benefit strategies in the Korean national health insurance. Methods: A revised demand & supply model was used to estimate the excess supply of APNs, and policy making process and key actors in the Korean health insurance were considered to develop a political approach to the APN issue. Results: The social demand for APNs is currently estimated to be less than 50% of its supply and the APN education program fell into difficulties in recruits. No reimbursement mechanism for APN's services in the national health insurance has given no economic incentive to hospital managers who have monopsony power in nursing labor market, which has caused the demand shortage of APNs in hospital industry. Payment for APN's services recognized as one of the most significant strategies to booster the social demand for APN's services should be carefully designed and implemented in the national health insurance. In line with this, key actors in health insurance policy decision-making include government, national assembly, labor unions, NGOs, civic groups, medical associations, and academia. Conclusion: The basic researches for APN's activities and cost-effectiveness analysis in clinical settings are required to support the strategies aforementioned. Constructing a policy network among key actors is able to make the payment strategy feasible, which will increase the socal demand for APNs.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
• /
• v.15 no.4
• /
• pp.25-31
• /
• 2015

FinTech(Financial Technology) is defined as the technique to create efficient financial services using IT technologies. FinTech is an innovative technology through IT platform and big data, and is expected to improve the security and problems of the conventional banking system. Domestic financial institutions has introduced the technologies and investment in order to provide safe and effective services to users. However, In the financial environment, information disclosure and security incident has occurred so they has lost the trust from their customers. Moreover new variant of the security threats and attack techniques have occurred. Therefore, in this paper, we designed a authentication scheme for secure payment system in FinTech environment. The proposed study evaluated the stability of the existing security systems with respect to attack methods occurred in the financial environment.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.96-106
• /
• 2020

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the level of acculturative stress, career stress, social support and depression, and identify factors affecting depression among Korean international students in China. Methods: Data were collected from 157 Korean students studying in undergraduate, graduate, students exchange programs and language training courses in G university, J university, and S university in G city, Guangdong Province, China, from September 1 to October 27, 2017. The data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and multiple linear regression. Results: The mean acculturative stress was 62.24±18.08 out of 165, whereas the mean career stress was 65.47±19.79 out of 125. The mean social support was 95.03±14.64 out of 125, and the mean depression score was 13.83±9.24 out of 60. The factor that had the greatest effect on depression among the participants was acculturative stress (β=.26, p=.001), followed by career stress (β=.24, p=.002), frequency of weekly phone calls with family (β=.19, p=.006), source of tuition payment (β=.18, p=.009), and self-perceived health (β=.15, p=.040). The model explained 33% of the variance. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop depression prevention and management programs as well as a customized health promotion program that account for the factors identified to have an effect on depression, namely, acculturative stress, career stress, frequency of weekly phone calls with family, source of tuition payment, and self-perceived health, and increase awareness of depression among international students.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.61 no.4
• /
• pp.474-477
• /
• 2018

Objective : From November 30, 2016, the Korean Government carried the revised Medical Dispute Mediation and Arbitration Act into effect. Mediation will start automatically without agreements of the defendant, when the outcome of the patient was death, coma more than a month or severe disability. Cerebral aneurysm has a definite risk of bad outcome, especially in the worst condition. Any surgical intervention to this lesion has its own high risk of complications. Recently, Seoul central district court decided 50% responsibility of the doctors who made a rupture of the aneurysm during coiling (2015Ga-Dan5243104). We reviewed judicial precedents related to cerebral aneurysms in lawsuit using a web search. Methods : We searched judicial precedents at a web search of the Supreme Court, using the key words, "cerebral aneurysm". Results : There were 15 precedents, six from the Supreme Court, seven from the High Court, and two from district courts. Seven precedents were related to the causation analysis, such as work-relationship. Five precedents were malpractice suits related bad results or complications. Remaining three precedents were related to the insurance payment. In five malpractice precedents, two precedents of the Supreme Court reversed former two precedents of the High Court. Conclusion : Judicial precedents on the cerebral aneurysm included not only malpractice suits, but also causation analysis or insurance payment. Attention to these subjects is needed. We also need education of the independent medical examination. To avoid medical disputes, shared decision making seems to be useful, especially in cases of high risk condition or procedures.