• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
• /
• v.34 no.E
• /
• pp.30-44
• /
• 1992

A modification of the TEACH-like computer program based on the k-$\varepsilon$ turbulence transport was applied for predicting air mixing patterns and temperature distributions in a rectangular, slot-ventilated enclosure having obstructions ; a rectangular obstacle with heat flux, solid walls separates the passage and the pig pens, and purlins beneath the ceiling. Air flow patterns were calculated for the cases with and without the purlin, extending 300mm beneath the ceiling. Comparisons of prediction data of Randall & Battams(1976) showed air flow pattern predicted well for the case without the purlin. Heat was accumulated at the corner of the left side of the solid wall and the right-upper region of the simulated pigs. However the air distribution pattern was completely different from data for the case with the purlin. The deviation from the observation may be attributed to the difference of the geometric configuation. Exploring the cause of the deviation should be conducted in a further study. Temperature stratification was also observed due to incomplete mixing. The obstruction in the route of the inlet air jet at inlet should be avoided since most of kinetic energy dissipates at the abstacle duet to impingement.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
• /
• v.32 no.4
• /
• pp.96-106
• /
• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this case study was to report that San-syndrome patient was treated by diagnosing as Greater Yang Disease Reverting Yin Pattern. Methods The patient was administered with Insamosuyu-tang. Numeral Rating Scale (NRS) and National Institutes of Health Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) was used to assess the improvements of symptoms. Results and Conclusions The perineal region discomfort was reduced from NRS 4 to NRS 1. NIH-CPSI score was reduced from 23 to 11, which means symptom relief. Nocturia and sleep disorder were resolved, and general weakness was relieved accordingly.

• ALGAE
• /
• v.36 no.1
• /
• pp.13-24
• /
• 2021

The present-day genetic structure of macroalgal species reflects both geographical history and oceanic circulation patterns as well as anthropogenic introduction across native ranges. To precisely understand the genetic diversity and how the factors shape the current population structure of Gloiopeltis furcata sensu lato, we determined the mitochondrial 5' end of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI-5P) sequences for 677 individuals sampled from 67 sites spanning almost the entire distribution range in Korea and Japan. Results from the phylogenetic analysis and haplotype distribution revealed eleven distinct lineages within G. furcata s.l. along the Korea-Japan coastal areas and displayed divergent phylogeographic patterns among lineages. Despite the closely related lineages distributed in same habitats as high rocky intertidal zone, they display different phylogeographic patterns among lineages. The populations from the south of Korea-Japan harbored the highest genetic diversity and unique endemism in comparison with other populations in the distribution range. This could be the evidence of southern refugia for G. furcata s.l. in the Northwest (NW) Pacific and the recent migration from native to introduced region. The reason is that an exceptional distribution pattern was found high genetic diversity in Hakodate of Japan where is the northern location in the NW Pacific. Our results imply the contemporary influence on the distribution due to current circulation pattern and anthropogenic effects. These phylogeographic findings provide the important insight into cryptic species diversity and the detailed distribution pattern of Gloiopeltis in the NW Pacific.

• Environmental Sciences Bulletin of The Korean Environmental Sciences Society
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2000

In order to understand the wintertime intermittent characteristics of the trans-boundary air pollutant transport observed in East Asia, a numerical simulation of the long-range transport of pollutants was applied using an atmospheric transport model(STEM-II). The numerical simulation was carried out for the entire month of January 1997 and specific atmospheric aerosol (including sulfate, nitrate, and other ion compounds0 observation data were compared from four observation sites(Cheju Island, Kanghwa Island, Dazaifu, and Fukue Island). The observation data revealed that concentration peaks were intermittently observed at 3 to 4-day intervals plus the four observation sites exhibited a very similar spatial variation. The horizontal and spatial scale of the heavily polluted air masses was analyzed based on numerical results. The mechanism of the intermittent transport of air pollutants was clearly explained by a comparison of the observed data with the numerical output. It was found that the wind pattern variations associated with the synoptic scale pressure system changes play an extremely important role in the transport of pollutants in this region.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.27 no.5
• /
• pp.633-640
• /
• 2003

The present experimental study is focused on the application of multi-point simultaneous measurement by PIV(Particle Image Velocimetry) to guide vane region within diffuser pump. Various different kinds of rotational velocity were selected as experimental condition. Optimized cross correlation Identification to obtain velocity vectors is implemented with direct calculation of correlation coefficients. Fine optical setup concerned with PIV performance is arranged for the accurate PIV measurement of high-speed complex flow. Variable flow pattern are represented quantitatively at the stator region.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.10 no.4
• /
• pp.67-77
• /
• 1986

The information on the heat transfer characteristics, flow pattern and pressure drop, are very important for the desing of general heat exchanger, refrigerating system, air conditioning system and energy recovery system. In these systems, water or lubricating oil contained in working fluid affects greatly the flow and heat transfer condition and this phenomena must be considered in the practical design. An experiment has been performed for studying the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the forced convective horizontal flow of R-113 under the range of the liquid single phase state to the boiling flow state. Basic experimental results are obtained in the case that water or lubricating oil does not contaminate in the test fluid. Experimental results are as follows; (1) The local heat transfer coefficients in the nucleate boiling region and transition boiling region are almostly ten times as large as that of liquid single phase flow. (2) The measured heat transfer coefficient in the present experimental range is relatively agreed well with the predicted value from the various experimental results for the boiling flow.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.12 no.2
• /
• pp.109-122
• /
• 1989

The vegetation and landscape of Hokkaido were phytosociologically referred. The region of F a g e t e a c r e n a t a e on Hokkaido is divided into two types of deciduous broad-leaved forest: the oak (Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata) forests mixed with conifers (mainly Abies sachalinensis) and the beech (Fagus crenata) forests of northernmost distribution in far-east Asia. The oak forests, which is dominated by Quercus mongolica var. grosseserrata in Japanse islands, seem to be developed from different climatic and edaphic conditions, especially in the amount and sharing pattern of precipitation in a year, and weak acid brown forest soil, volcanic ash soil and sandy soil. On the all-inclusive phytogeographical view-point, Hokkaido is situated at northernmost region of F a g e t e a c r e n a t a e (cool-temperate zone)neighboring with subarctic and subalpine vegetation, vegetation, but the evergreen broad-leaved forest (C a m e l l i e t e a j a p o n i c a e, warm-temperate zone) is abscent.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
• /
• v.18 no.5
• /
• pp.510-516
• /
• 2015

This paper describes an approach to detect interesting objects using satellite images. This paper focuses on the interesting objects that have common special patterns but do not have identical shapes and sizes. The previous technologies are still insufficient for automatic finding of the interesting objects based on operation of special pattern analysis. In order to overcome the circumstances, this paper proposes a methodology to obtain the special patterns of interesting objects considering their common features and their related characteristics. This paper applies MSER(Maximally Stable Extremal Regions) for the region detection and corner detector in order to extract the features of the interesting object. This paper conducts a case study and obtains the experimental results of the case study, which is efficient in reducing processing time and efforts comparing to the previous manual searching.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1992.07a
• /
• pp.476-479
• /
• 1992

This paper presents a neural network method for tuning PlD controller of a time-varying process. Three gains of PlD controller are tuned for a certain desirable response pattern by back-propagation neural network. The neural network is trained using changes of output features vs. changes of PlD gains. But sometimes it needs longer training time and larger structure to train the correlation between the process and controller on entire region of the process. The difficulty in system identification is that the inverse function of the system can not be clearly stated. To cope with the problem, we do not train the neural network to respond correctly for the entire regions but train for only local region where the system is heading toward by training the neural network and tuning of the PlD controller. It may be trained for fine-tuning itself. Simulation results show that the adaptive PID controller using neural network trained in the local area performs remarkably for time-varying second order process.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.115-120
• /
• 2010

The Asian cultural landscape is a mirrored ecosystem of great complexity, formed by the interaction of man and nature, coupled with a host of ecological processes. The human dependencies on and environmental adaptation of the bio-organisms and the surrounding landscape constitute the typical cultural landscape. Islands are a good example of a cultural landscape, and each mosaic pattern of marine and coastal ecosystems reflects bio-cultural diversity. Along with land-use patterns, wise use of biological organisms and indigenous knowledge has expanded to islands in the Asia-Pacific region in several ways (sea current and human impact, etc.). Loss in biodiversity and landscape diversity as well as cultural diversity owing to global warming and rapid urbanization are emerging issues for island ecosystems all over the world. In order to sustain the historical coexistence between man and natural systems, we ecologists must continue to search for a holistic solution for academic consilience. In this paper, I present the vision and practical characteristics of island ecology with a view toward the conservation of the traditional landscape and bio-cultural diversities in the seascape.