• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2005

Purpose: A descriptive study was conducted to identify the change patterns on the level of perceived distress during the early postoperative period with regard to state anxiety in patients using patient controlled analgesia. Method: One hundred women who underwent elective hysterectomy procedures or other gynecologic surgeries completed a series of questionnaires measuring state anxiety, and subjective distress assessed by visual analog scales at 8, 24, & 48 hours postoperatively. Data were analyzed with frequencies, percentages, means, ANOVA, Repeated Measures ANCOVA, and Scheff'e post test utilizing SPSS WIN 11.0. Result: There was a gradual decrease in levels of total distress and pain over the three points in time after surgery regardless the levels of state anxiety. However, women with higher levels of anxiety their pain curve rose at 48 hours post-op. In addition, over the first two points in time, women in the higher anxiety group showed higher levels of distress than those in the lower anxiety group, but no such group differences were observed in the levels of pain, revealing higher pain levels only at 8 hours post-op in both groups. Conclusion: Irrespective of effective pain management modality, most postoperatively experienced distress in gynecological patients was derived from anxiety and pain. These findings have implications for pain management, especially in patients with emotionally charged surgeries like hysterectomy.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.209-217
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• 2005

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the effects of foot reflexzone massage on state - anxiety and discomfort of ovarian cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Method: A quasi experimental design with a non equivalent control group and non synchronized design was used. The experiment was conducted from October 1, 2003 to September 30, 2004. The subjects consisted of 40 patients admitted to C University Hospital. Twenty subjects were assigned to the experimental group and received foot reflexzone massage everyday for 3 days. The other 20 subjects were in the control group and received routine care. Foot reflexzone massage was done on both feet of the subjects for 30 minutes for 3 days using standard protocol. The 'State-Anxiety Inventory' developed by Spielberger was used to measure the degree of state-anxiety. Discomfort was assessed using the 'Symptom Distress Scale' of McCorkle and Young. Data was analyzed by a SAS program using t-test, Wilcoxon signed rank sum test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results: State-anxiety and discomfort of subjects receiving foot reflexzone massage were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion: These findings indicate that foot reflexzone massage could be an effective nursing intervention for relieving state-anxiety and discomfort in ovarian cancer patients.

• 대한불안의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.68-73
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• 2013

Objective : The aim of this study is to identify the relationship between childhood abuse and affective symptom including resilience in patients with depression or anxiety. Methods : A total 256 outpatients diagnosed with depressive disorder or anxiety disorder according to DSM IV-TR, were evaluated with Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale (PCCTS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC). Independent t-test, Chi-square analysis and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were performed to identify the demographics of patients and the relationship between affective symptoms including resilience and childhood abuse. Results : Among demographic and clinical variables, patients with childhood abuse history were significantly higher rate in patients who were living alone and unemployed. In affective symptoms, patients with childhood abuse history were significant more severe in depressive symptoms, and state anxiety score than patients without history of childhood abuse. Patients with childhood abuse history had higher score for trait anxiety and lower score for resilience than patients who had no history of childhood abuse. Conclusion : These finding suggest that history of childhood abuse might be risk factor on depressive and anxiety symptoms severity. And this might be a predictable factor of poor treatment outcome.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.83-95
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• 2001

The purpose of this study is to examine intensity of pain and anxiety of burn patients. This study selected 99 adult patients of 18 years old or older who have been hospitalized and treated for a second-degree burn at the surgery ward or burn ward of 3 university hospitals which are located in 2 metropolitan cities, and a university hospital in Seoul Special City from July 1 to October 20, 2000. This study used STAI(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory) developed by Spielberger, and translated by Kim, Jung Taek and Shin, Dong Kyun to examine the degree of anxiety and VAS to examine the pain. This study was carried out by interview and using SPSS 9.0 statistical program. Results were as follows : 1) As for general characteristics of the subjects, they were mostly male. 30s-40s, married, and high school graduates. 2) Forty-seven patients were burned by fire and $49.6\%$ of the patients had burn 10 to $20\%$ of BSA. seventy-nine percents of patients received one dressing change a day and $74.3\%$ received medication once or twice a day. 3) As for intensity of anxiety and pain. the mean intensity of pain was 6.41. The intensity of trait anxiety and the state anxiety were 39.76. and 51.81. 4) Subject's age was significantly different in their pain intensity and other variables were insignificant. Correlations between trait-anxiety and state-anxiety(r=.286, p=.004), and state-anxiety and VAS(r=.294, p=.003) showed weak correlation. There wasn't statistically any significance in trait- anxiety and VAS(r=.183, p=.070).

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.579-593
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• 2000

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of foot massage on anxiety response in preoperative patients undergoing total hysterectomy. Among the fifty patients, twenty-five were the experimental group receiving foot massage for 10-minutes and twenty-five were the control group. Subjects were admitted to a hospital in Inchon city for total hysterectomy. This study was carried out from July 10th, to September 18th, 2000. The levels of anxiety were measured by the Visual Aanalogue Scale(VAS). State Anxiety Scale, blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate. Data were analyzed using $x^2$-test, t-test, paired t-test, unpaired t-test and ANCOVA with SPSS/pc program. The results were summarized as followings: 1. After foot massage, VAS anxiety level, state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, pulse rate and respiration rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those measurements before the foot massage. 2. After foot massage, significant differences in the VAS anxiety level, state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, pulse and respiration rate between the experimental and control groups were found. In conclusion, foot massage for 10 minutes is a useful nursing intervention that decreases anxiety in preoperative patients undergoing total hysterectomy.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.149-155
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• 2011

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to examine types of music (relax music or preferred music that patients have chosen) can effects on anxiety, blood pressure and pulse, and whether there are differences depending on the kinds of music in order to reduce anxiety of surgical patients using spinal anesthesia. Methods: This research's design is quasi-experimental design and non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest experimental design conducted on 60 surgical patients(experimental group 1=relax music therapy group, experimental group 2=preferred music therapy group, and group 3=control group) using spinal anesthesia. The Variables were trait anxiety, state anxiety, blood pressure, and pulse. Results: 1) In the state anxiety, there was a significant difference among the experimental groups 1, group 2 and the control group. 2) There was a significant difference in systolic blood pressure among the experimental group 1, group 2, and the control group. 3) In pulse, no significant difference among the experimental group 1, group 2 and the control group was detected. Conclusion: Regardless of the types of music, music therapy is thought to be effective nursing mediation to mitigate the state anxiety of surgical patients undergoing spinal anesthesia.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.147-158
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of music therapy on state anxiety, perception of pain of dental patients. The subjects consisted of forty patients undergoing dental treatment at one dental clinic. Twenty eight of them were assigned to the experimental group, while twelve subjects to the control group. The data were collected from June 29 to August 1, 1998 by means of a state anxiety scale (by Spielberger) questionnaire and visual analog scale for pain measurement. The data were analysed with $X^2$-test, t-test, and paired t-test. The results are as follows 1) There were no significant differences between the experimental and the control group on the post treatment the state anxiety score. However, in the experimental group, the state anxiety score decreased significantly after music therapy(t=3.19, p=0.003). In the control group, the state anxiety score did not decrease significantly(t=1.65, p=0.126). Especially, high score group on the state anxiety was found to be of significant differences in the experimental group (t=3.09, p=0.007). 2) There were no significant differences between the experimental and the control group on the post treatment perception of pain. However, after music therapy, the experimental group had a lower post treatment perception of pain than the control group. 3) After music therapy, subjective response of the experimental group was one of relative contentment. From these results, it is concluded that music therapy as a nursing intervention can be effective in decreasing anxiety in dental patients.

• 척추신경추나의학회지
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.21-29
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• 2006

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate whether patients with temporomandibular disorder have more anxiety than normal people. Methods: Patients group(n=50) with TMD and normal group(n=30) without TMD and other disease completed STAl(State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), and there was comparison of mean scores between patients and normal groups. Results: The mean of total STAl scores of patients group was $91.32{\pm}20.32$, whereas that of normal group was $81.27{\pm}12.97(p<0.01)$. The mean of state-anxiety scores of patients group was $45.68{\pm}11.30$, whereas that of normal group was $40.70{\pm}7.28(p<0.05)$. The mean of trait-anxiety scores of patients group was $45.64{\pm}10.02$, whereas that of normal group was $40.57{\pm}7.22(p<0.05)$. There was a tendency that patients with TMD had more anxiety. So, doctors had better give attention to patients' anxiety when they treat the patients with TMD.

• 호스피스학술지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on anxiety and depression of the hospice patients. This study was devised one group pretest-posttest design. The data was collected during the period from July 10 to September 25 in 2000 at the general hospital in cheonju city. The subjects were thirty-seven patients who referred the hospice service. Method: The tools were used Spielberger's State Anxiety Scale and Zung's Depression Inventory. The spiritual nursing intervention was carried out through Hymn, Scripture, Prayer, the therapeutic use of self over a period of three weeks. Data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, paired t-test. Results: 1.After the spiritual nursing intervention, state anxiety of hospice patients was reduced(t=6.237, p=0.000). 2.After the spiritual nursing intervention, depression of hospice patients was reduced(t=18.58, p=0.000). Conclusion: The hospice patients who were offered spiritual nursing intervention had lower anxiety & depression than those who were not offered spiritual nursing intervention. According to these results, spiritual nursing intervention can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention that relieved anxiety and depression of the hospice patients.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.311-320
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• 2008

Purpose: The study was done to analyze the effects of aroma inhalation method on preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients. Methods: The research design was a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. The data were collected from July 25 to October 21, 2005 at C Medical Center in Seoul. The patients were divided into two group of 24 subjects each. In order for measuring the all patient's anxiety before operation and aroma inhalation, Spidlberger(1975) trait anxiety, VAS(visual analogue scale) state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were taken. After experimental group was taken aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety, blood pressure, pulse rate were measured for two group. Results: After aroma inhalation, VAS state anxiety level, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse rate of the experimental group were decreased significantly than those of control group(p = .000, p = .000, p = .030. p = .000). Conclusion: The aroma inhalation method can be considered an effective nursing intervention that relieves the preoperative anxiety of abdominal surgical patients and stabilizes vital signs.