• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
• /
• v.29 no.5
• /
• pp.409-415
• /
• 2015

This study compared the heart rate variability tests of healthy college students and chronic fatigue patients for 2 years. Study subjects were idiopathic chronic fatigue patients who carried out the HRV tests and students conducted HRV test when health screening test. Study subjects were 250 people, 104 people and men (41.6%), women were 146 patients (58.4%). In patient group, the autonomic nervous system activity was decreased, the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced compared to the control group(Patient:84.17±16.27, Control:98.33±17.28). Regardless of gender, patient group's autonomic nervous system activity was decreased, the activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced, compared to the control group(Patient Female:84.17±16.27, Patient Male:84.07±14.96/Control Female:98.33±17.28, Control Male:96.45±16.92). Even though same ages, patient group's autonomic nervous activity was reduced compared to control group(Patient:89.36±12.43, Control:97.39±16.91). Fatigue patients' activity of the sympathetic nerve and the parasympathetic nerve were significantly reduced, regardless of the fact that activity of the sympathetic nerve is increased and the parasympathetic nerve is decreased in stress state like an impassioned injury(七情傷). Therefore HRV test is useful to diagnose Fatigue from this study.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.171-184
• /
• 1988

The establishment of an optimal and functional condylar position (centric relation) as the therapeutic and diagnostic reference position during occlusal treatment for patients with temporomandibular joint and muscle pain. dysfunction has long been an important subject in dentistry. The objective of this study was to compare the reproducibility md the changes of condylar position in normal group to those in patient group after use of the occlusal biteplane splint. For this study, 11 normal adults who had no symptoms of masticatory dysfunction and 18 patients who had visited at the department of occlusion in dental infirmary of Yonsei University were selected. For each subject three centric relation records were recorded before treatment, after 2 weeks and after symptoms were improved. And the condylar positions in centric relation were measured using articulators and a Vericheck. On the basis of this study, the following results were obtained. 1. In normal group, there was no significant difference of reproducibility in condylar position before and after the use of the occlusal biteplane splint for 2 weeks. 2. In patient group there was significant improvement in the reproducibility of condylar position after treatment (P<0.01). The reproducibility in patient group, however, was less than normal group. (P<0.01) 3. The mean distance of condylar movements was $0.38{\pm}0.22mm$ after 2 weeks in normal group. 4. In patient group, condylar movements were $1.36{\pm}0.70mm$ (P<0.01), significantly different from normal group. (P<0.01) 5. In patient group, the main direction of condylar movements after treatment was toward anterior and superior, preponderance being at superior direction.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.355-364
• /
• 2000

This study was to find dental materials causing hypersensitivity reactions by carrying out patch tests in the patients with oral mucosal lesions to investigate the possibility of hypersensitivity reactions in etiology of oral mucosal lesions. 31 patients (female 26, male 5, age range 24-72 years) with oral mucosal lesions were classified as patient group, and 41 volunteers (female 24, male 17, age range 23-40 years) without oral mucosal lesion, systemic disease and history of allergy as control group. The obtained results were as follows: 1. There were various dental restorations in most of patient group and control group, 29(94%) in 31 patient group, 35(85%) in 41 control group. 2. Among sites of oral mucosal lesions, buccal mucosa was the most common site with 60%, followed by gingiva with 24%, tongue with 16%. Lesions in contact with restorations were highly 90% in tongue and 89% in buccal mucosa, but comparatively lower 53% in gingiva. 3. The ratio of positive reactions to the patch test in patient group was significantly higher than the control group (p<0.05). 4. Dental materials causing positive reactions to the patch test were mainly mercury(19%), potassium dichromate(16%), cobalt chloride(16%) in patient group, cobalt chloride(17%) in control group. 5. In 20 patients with lichen planus, 8 patients(40%) showed positive reactions to the patch test.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
• /
• v.8 no.3
• /
• pp.475-488
• /
• 2002

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to establish a basis of patient classification in the ICU by selecting the determination critical indicator of special nursing activities that show high interrilation with daily total nursing care time. Method : This study is composed of the six steps. The first step is the listing direct nursing activities in the ICU. The last step is the determination indicator of each group were selected on the basis of their relationship to the daily total nursing care time of each patient classification group and each nursing activity. Result : Result shows that: 1. direct nursing activities in the ICU are 149 items of 13 territories. 2. the average time and frequency for each direct nursing activities 3. total direct nursing care time of 42 patients in ICU for 2 days. According to the results of the Cluster analysis, the first group is 10 people, the second group is 13 people, the third group is 16 people, the fourth group is 3 people. 4. Determination critical indicator is the item that is r>0.6(p<0.05) of Pearson Correlation between each patient daily total nursing care time and 149 items of nursing activities. The nursing activities selected were as follows: 2 items in the first group, 17 items in the second group. 16 items in the third group, 8 items in the fourth group. Conclusion : This study can help future studies which measure nursing activities standard time or assigns value to nursing activities time.

• Child Health Nursing Research
• /
• v.28 no.4
• /
• pp.259-268
• /
• 2022

Purpose: Nursing students are susceptible to medication safety incidents in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) related to a lack of communication experience. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the impact of a NICU medication safety simulation (NMSS) focusing on communication clarity, patient hand-off confidence, and patient safety competency in senior-year nursing students. Methods: The study utilized a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. In total, 60 nursing students were assigned to two groups. The experimental group participated in the NMSS, which included three medication error scenarios. Pairs of students completed the scenarios together in 10 to 20 minutes. Data were analyzed using the chi-squared test, independent t test, and ANCOVA. Results: The experimental group showed significant improvements in communication clarity (p=.015), and patient safety competency (p<.001) compared to the control group. Using the pretest values as covariates, patient hand-off confidence scores significantly increased (p=.027). Conclusion: Implementing the NMSS focusing on communication in the pediatric nursing curriculum helped students to communicate clearly and concisely about medication errors, and its use is recommended to promote patient safety competency in the NICU.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.16 no.4
• /
• pp.318-325
• /
• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of preoperative patient controlled analgesia (PCA) education on total knee replacement arthroplasty (TKRA) patients' PCA usage, level of pain, the frequency of pro re nata (prn) administrations, number of ambulations/day and continuous passive motion (CPM) angle after TKRA. Methods: This research used the non-equivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. Forty-five TKRA patients at a hospital in Seoul, Korea were included for in the study. For the experimental group, a 20-minute education session was provided a day before surgery. Data were analyzed using Windows SPSS Statistics 21.0 program. Results: Knowledge was higher in the experimental group than in the control group (p<.001). Incidence of nausea was lower in the experimental group (p=.01). No significant differences were found in post-operative pain scores, the frequency of prn analgesics administrations, dizziness, number of ambulations/day and CPM angle. Conclusion: This study showed that pre-operative PCA education could be an effective nursing intervention for increasing patient knowledge on PCA and nausea reduction after TKRA.

• Korean Journal of Bronchoesophagology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.171-176
• /
• 1998

Postoperative pain following tonsillectomy remains a significant obstacle to speedy recovery and smooth convalescence. Inadequate analgesia causes poor oral intake and influences the length of hospital stay and ability to return to normal activity. Patient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) is a method of analgesia adminstration that consists of a computer driven pump with a button that the patient may press to adminster a small dose of analgesic drug. The aim of this study was to examine whether Intravenous Patient Controlled Analgesia (IV-PCA) can reduce postoperative pain after tonsillectomy. The 100 patients undergoing tonsillectomy with general anesthesia were divided into two groups. The PCA group patients (n=80) received a mixture of nalbuphine and ketorolac by Walkmed PCA infusor during first 48 postoperative hours. In control group (n=20), the patients received oral acetoaminophen (Tyrenol) regularly and tiaprofenic acid (Surgam) intramuscularly on a p.r.n basis. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated with visual linear analogue scale (VAS) and the adverse effects were evaluated with 4 point scale. The patients of PCA group had less pain than those of control group. The adverse effects in the PCA group were nausea and vomiting. This study suggests that IV-PCA may be safe and effective method of pain control after adult tonsillectomy and is better accepted than oral or intramuscular pain medications.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.17 no.1
• /
• pp.9-23
• /
• 1987

Nursing service, as the largest user of labor resources, has become concerned about appropriate allocation of staffing resources. Therefore, this project was designed to measure quantitatively the direct nursing care provided to patients and to develop a new patient classification system based on the direct nursing care activities. The initial step in the development of the classification instrument was to identify the content of direct nursing activities. The frequency with which these activities were carried out, the total time spent in carrying them out and the average time for one performance of each of the nursing activities was calculated. The next step was to select the items for the classification instrument taking into account these direct nursing activities. A list of 40 items was prepared. These items were then classified into 8 major categories: personal hygiene, moving ＆ exercise, nutrition & elimination, observation, medication, treatment, collecting specimens and other care activities for severity ill patients. Each item was assigned a value unit based on the average time required by the nursing staff to complete the specific item. The third step was to determine the practicality of the items and value units, so an attempt was made to establish content validity for these items and units by obtaing a consensus from 8 head nurses, representing eight different departments. The 4th step was to conducted a pilot study to establish the score range for the classification boundaries. For this purpose an instrument was designed using the list of items and value units and a prepared classification criteria as a guideline to validate the patient classification. A judgment group consisting of 52 supervisory nurses and head nurses were asked to select the proper patient to fit each classification criteria and to fill out the instrument for each patient. The total value unit and the frequency for each classification group was calculated. According to the frequency distribution, the score range for the classification group was determined as follows : 0~15 for groupI, 16~30 for group II, 31~50 for group III, and above 51 for group IV. Finally a patient classification form was developed.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
• /
• v.36 no.4
• /
• pp.598-614
• /
• 1998

This study was performed to investigate the influence of lateral guidance pattern and chewing pattern on masticatory muscle activity and occlusal contact pattern. Twenty-five patients with temporomandibular disorders and thirty students without temporomandibular disorders were selected for this study. Electromyographic examination and occlusal contact examination were performed simultaneously with Bio-Pak System (Bioresearch Inc.,U.S.A.) and T-Scan System(Tekscan Co., USA). The obtained results were as follows : 1. The EMG activity of masseter and anterior temporal muscle in patient group with canine guidance was higher than with non-canine guidance. but there was no significant difference (p>0.05). 2. The EMG activity of anterior temporal muscle in normal group with non-canine guidance was higher at preferred chewing side than at opposite side (p<0.05). 3. The EMG activity of masseter muscle was higher in normal group than in patient group (p<0.05). 4. The number of occlusal contact in patient group with canine guidance was higher than with non-canine guidance, but there was no significant difference (p>0.05). 5. The occlusal contact force at preferred chewing side was higher in patient group than in normal group(p<0.05).

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
• /
• v.35 no.4
• /
• pp.363-370
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed the health characteristics and comorbidity of adult men aged 40 years by dividing them into a control group of those without any disease related to fine dust and a patient group with one or more diseases related to fine dust in areas with high levels of fine dust pollution using the sixth and seventh Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2017). Among the general characteristics, the mean age of the patient group was significantly older than that of the control group (p<0.001), and in terms of the health-related characteristics, the frequency of breakfast consumption in the patient group was higher than in the control group (p<0.043). The body measurements were similar in the patient and control groups. Regarding the prevalence of comorbidity, the patient group showed a higher prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, stroke, myocardial infarction, heart failure, and diabetes than the control group, but the differences were not statistically significant. On the other hand, the prevalence of other cancers (except stomach cancer, liver cancer, colorectal cancer, breast cancer, and cervical cancer) in the patient group was higher than in the control group (p<0.05). In terms of the clinical characteristics, the glycated hemoglobin levels in the patient group were significantly higher than in the control group (p<0.048). Information on nutrition and health in areas with frequent occurrences of fine dust was obtained through the study results, which can be used as basic data for measures of health and diet management against diseases that will increase in relation to fine dust.