• Resources Recycling
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.52-60
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• 2007

Denitrification from aqueous solution was investigated through patent analysis and electrochemical denitrification experiment. Among several candidates, biological treatment and oxidation/reduction method are mainly discussed. Recently, patent pending concerning to electrochemical treatment is increasing. Based on basic electrochemical study, total nitrogen was removed up 47% by 1-hour galvanostatic electrolysis with Fe cathode and Pt anode. More applicable technique to industry could be mentioned combination of two or more technologies suitable to waste water characteristics. In the case of small and concentrate effluent, combination of chemical and electrochemical treatment would be recommendable because nitrate could be easily converted to nitrite by chemical treatment, and in that case denitrification by electrolysis becomes more efficient and metal ions from chemical treatment can be recovered during electrolysis.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.217-224
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• 2019

The intelligent robot industry is a complex which encompasses all fields of science and technology, and its marketability and industrial impact are remarkable. Major countries in the world have been strengthening their policies to foster the intelligent robot industry, but discussions on liability issues and legal actions that are accompanied by the related big or small accidents are still insufficient. In this study, therefore, the patent law by artificial intelligence robots and the legislation for relevant legal actions at the criminal law level are presented. Patent law legislation by artificial intelligence robots should comply with the followings. First, the electronic human being other than humans ought to be given legal personality, which is the subject of patent infringement. Even if artificial intelligence has legal personality, legal responsibility will be varied depending on the judgment of whether the accident has occurred due to the malfunction of the artificial intelligence itself or due to the human intervention with malicious intention. Second, artificial intelligence as a subject of actors and responsibility should be distinguished strictly; in other words, the injunction is the responsibility of the intelligent robot itself, but the financial repayment is the responsibility of the owner. In the criminal law legislation, regulations for legal punishment of intelligent robot manufacturing companies and manufacturers should be prepared promptly in case of legal violation, by amending the scope of application of Article 47 (Penal Provisions) of the Intelligent Robots Development and Distribution Promotion Act. In this way, joint penal provisions, which can clearly distinguish the responsibilities of the related parties, should be established to contribute to the development of the fourth industrial revolution.

• Journal of Korea Technology Innovation Society
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.382-395
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• 2002

Metal Injection Molding(MIM) is a technology without any mechanical processing, which is a promising area backed up by nano powder technology developed in late 1990's. The market was about 24 billion U$ in 1999. Many applications are made in process development, uses, powder making, hindering and sintering, of which order is in terms of the number of patents. This technologies are mainly developed by US firms, and applied by Japanese firms. Europe and Korea are still catch-up stage. More efforts should be made in this field because new opportunities are opening, thanks to nano technology.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.131-138
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• 2018

In this study, we investigated the trend of technological development in major countries related to the propulsion equipment of railway vehicles. The propulsion system is the main equipment of electric vehicles. A lot of time and investment are required in order to ensure the development of technology. Therefore, developed countries have maximized their effort to develop technologies with safety, reliability, and convenience of maintenance. They have also done their utmost to prevent technology transfer to other countries after the development of new technologies. For example, Toshiba of Japan developed a new 3,300V/1,500 A class IGBT power device, but was reluctant to export it to foreign countries in order to protect this technology. In this study, we analyzed the patents applied for related to propulsion control systems and presented the direction of development during the technical development of these systems. The patent analysis of the core technologies was conducted using the Thomson Innovation DB. We examined the number of patents applied for by country, year and major applicant. As a result of the analysis, it was found that the proportion of patent applications per country was in the order of China, 48%, Europe 16.6%, and the United States 14.9%. The patent situation of the top 10 principal applicants revealed that (the top three were?) ABB 14%, GE 13%, and CRRC 12%. At the same time, we also conducted a qualitative analysis of the level of technical development by evaluating such factors as the influence index, quotation, market securing power and citation. Based on the result of the patent analysis, we presented the direction of technical development of the propulsion control equipment of railway vehicles. Based on the analysis results, it was found that domestic applicants considerably reduced their efforts to protect their patents from foreign companies. Nowadays, most of the electric motors used in Korea are induction motors. In advanced countries, permanent magnet electric motors are employed in new railway lines. Therefore, intensive investment is needed in new developments.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

This paper analyzes the trends in generative AI technology based on patent application documents. To achieve this, we selected 5,433 generative AI-related patents filed in South Korea, the United States, and Europe from 2003 to 2023, and analyzed the data by country, technology category, year, and applicant, presenting it visually to find insights and understand the flow of technology. The analysis shows that patents in the image category account for 36.9%, the largest share, with a continuous increase in filings, while filings in the text/document and music/speech categories have either decreased or remained stable since 2019. Although the company with the highest number of filings is a South Korean company, four out of the top five filers are U.S. companies, and all companies have filed the majority of their patents in the U.S., indicating that generative AI is growing and competing centered around the U.S. market. The findings of this paper are expected to be useful for future research and development in generative AI, as well as for formulating strategies for acquiring intellectual property.

• Management Science and Financial Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.43-52
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• 2004

This paper empirically investigates potential factors that might affect firms' incentives to license out technology. The analysis is done with the help of a panel data set of observed licensing transactions involving U.S. public companies in high-technology industries. The important explanatory factors relate to the firm characteristics such as the company's stock of technological knowledge (patent stock). prior involvement in technology licensing. the company size, R&D intensity and capital expenditure. The results suggest that there seems to be significant inter-sectoral differences as well as similarities in determinants of the propensity to transfer technology through licensing agreements.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.12
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• pp.722-728
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• 2017

As the demand for high-speed railway, light railway, and metropolitan railway is increasing, the demand for safe and comfortable railways is increasing. The evaluation technology for a railway system manufactured according to this trend is becoming more important. This study examined the domestic and foreign technology trends through patent analysis of the railway test technology. To accomplish this, the patents filed in Korea, Europe, and the United States since 1990 were analyzed using Thomson Innovation DB. First, the technology was classified as a component test, combined test, and on-line test. Through patent analysis, the technology trends in the railway test technology and how the technological progress has been made from the past to the present were reviewed. In addition, through an analysis of the country and main applicant, this study examined the countries and applicants that are actively developing technologies. In addition, the countries that have secured technology related to the test technology were studied through an analysis of the market security index and the influence index. Through this analysis, this study analyzed the trend of the test technology in the railway area.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.126-132
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• 2015

Technology forecasting is about understanding a status of a specific technology in the future, based on the current data of the technology. It is useful when planning technology management strategies. These days, it is common for countries, companies, and researchers to establish R&D directions and strategies by utilizing experts' opinions. However, this qualitative method of technology forecasting is costly and time consuming since it requires to collect a variety of opinions and analysis from many experts. In order to deal with these limitations, quantitative method of technology forecasting is being studied to secure objective forecast result and help R&D decision making process. This paper suggests a methodology of technology forecasting based on quantitative analysis. The methodology consists of data collection, principal component analysis, and technology forecasting by logistic regression, which is one of the data mining techniques. In this research, patent documents related to autonomous vehicle are collected. Then, the texts from patent documents are extracted by text mining technique to construct an appropriate form for analysis. After principal component analysis, logistic regression is performed by using principal component score. On the basis of this result, it is possible to analyze R&D development situation and technology forecasting.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.239-247
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• 2020

Technological convergence is yielding new values and affecting various fields not by single technology but by convergence between technologies. This study aims to analyze the IT -BT-NT convergence and differences between technologies in respect of collaboration within (inventor) and between (assignee) organizations. Among the main technologies leading the technological convergence, IT is the most active of converging with other fields. BT is knowledge-intensive and strong cooperative networks are important in this area. NT is applied in various industrial fields upon the basic technology. Using the data on applied and granted patents by Korean applicants in the U.S., this study conducted quantitative analysis and ANOVA to gain the following results. First, the degree of convergence in between IT-BT-NT is continuously increasing since 2002. Second, BT is where the collaboration within and between organizations is the most active among IT-BT-NT. Third, there were certain differences in the degree of convergence according to the years and the fields of technologies in all the IT-BT-NT. Organizations cooperate with other institutions to sustain their competitiveness with limited internal resources. Companies in these fields are recommended to perform diverse strategies to pursue further collaboration with the outside.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.895-898
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• 2008

This research paper intends to investigate and review the new technology of patent registration trend for the most recent domestic retaining wall and bridge abutment, and to apply the technology appropriately to the actual retaining wall and bridge abutment construction. Investigated new technological patents for retaining wall include pre-fabricated PC retaining wall construction method that reduces section force with prestressed PS steel bars, pre-fabricated Coupler-Tension retaining wall, clay reinforced retaining wall block for road, earth reinforced retaining wall block that induces uniform settlement, and etc. Investigated new technologies for abutment are abutment construction method that uses sheet pile, monolithic bridge with complex abutments, construction method for abutment bridge, earth reinforced abutment structure and etc.