• 인문언어
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• 제8집
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• pp.369-387
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• 2006

Which syntactic function should we assign to the 'ga-type' constituent which occurs in the morphological passive constructions in Korean, [N0-neun N1-i Vpass-ending]? This problem is very important in two respects. First, a small change of status of the particle 'i/ga' can exert an overall influence on the Korean grammar. Second, the particle '-i/ga' cannot guarantee that 'ga-type' constituents are subject of the sentence, so that the concept of syntactic category should be distinguished from that of syntactic function. This paper claims that the analysis of sentence has long been focused on the structure of proposition, namely the argument structure and that the direction of analysis should be turned to the 'person structure' which can be revealed on the pragmatic level. On the basis of this, this paper suggests that the specific type of the morphological passive constructions in Korean, [N0-neun N1-i Vpass-ending] should be analysed in line with the psych-verb constructions and that the modal meaning 'potential' of the passive constructions is correlated with sentence pattern and 'person structure'.

• 한국영어학회지:영어학
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.211-225
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• 2001

The prepositional object (PO) of an active sentence in English can sometimes be passivized, becoming the subject of the corresponding passive sentence. In particular, the verb (V) and preposition (P) in the English prepositional passive (P-Passive) are assumed to be reanalyzed to form a single structural unit, giving the status of a verbal object to the PO to be passivized. However, not every V+P sequence can undergo reanalysis, permitting the passivization of POs. Thus, we have to explain what licenses the reanalysis of V and p. resulting in an acceptable P-Passive sentence. In this paper, I will identify the factors which determine the passivization possibilities of POs and explain how they interact with one another. The results of this study will illustrate how formal and functional factors work together to form a major syntactic construction and to determine its grammaticality and acceptability.

• 말소리와 음성과학
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.127-134
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to present evidence for a particular processing approach based on the language-specific characteristics of Korean. To compare individuals' sentence-comprehension abilities, this study measured the accuracy and reaction times (RT) of 12 aphasic patients (AP) and 12 normal controls (NC) during a sentence-picture matching task. Four versions of a sentence were constructed with the two types of voice (active/passive) and two types of word order (agent-first/patient-first). To examine the effects of increased processing demand, picture stimuli were manipulated in such a way that they appeared immediately after the sentence was presented. As expected, the AP group showed higher error rates and longer RT for all conditions than the NC group. Furthermore, Korean speakers with aphasia performed above a chance level in sentence comprehension, even with passive sentences. Aphasics understood sentences more quickly and accurately when they were given in the active voice and with agent-first order. The patterns of the NC group were similar. These results confirm that Korean adults with aphasia do not completely lose their knowledge of sentence comprehension. When the processing demand was increased by delaying the picture stimulus onset, the effect of increased processing demands on RT was more pronounced in the AP than in the NC group. These findings fit well with the idea that the computational system for interpreting sentences is intact in aphasics, but its ability is compromised when processing demands increase.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.19-40
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• 2006

This paper deals with a part-specific analysis of grammatical errors in the production of the English passive in writing. The purpose of the study is dual: to explore common error types in forming the passive; and to provide plausible sources of the errors, with special attention to the role of the native language. To this end, this study obtained a large amount of data from Korean EFL university students using an essay writing task. The results show that in forming the passive sentence, errors were made in various ways and that the most common problem was the formation of the be-auxiliary, in particular, the proper use of tense and S-V agreement. Another important finding was that the global errors found in this study were not necessarily those with the greatest frequency. Also corroborated was the general claim that many factors work together to account for errors. In many cases, interlingual and intralingual factors were shown to interact with each other to explain the passive errors made by Korean students. On the basis of the results, suggestions are made for effective and well-formed use of the passive sentence.

• 수산해양교육연구
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.1365-1377
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to find out by comparing the ability of comprehension and production of causative and passive sentences and grammatical morphemes between multicultural family children and normal children. Fifteen multicultural family children and fifteen normal children aged 7-9 years participated in this study. The results of this study are as follows; First, the children of multicultural family showed significantly a lower ability to comprehension and production of causative and passive sentences compared to normal children. Second, the children of multicultural family showed the difference about the acquisition of grammatical morpheme of causative and passive compared to normal children. Third, multicultural family children and normal children were not statistically significant differences in comprehension and production abilities of causative and passive in accordance with the increase of age.

• 중국학논총
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• 제63호
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• pp.65-90
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• 2019

In Huangdao Dialect, the "NP1+VP+起+NP2" sentence structure can not only be used with monosyllabic and bisyllabic adjectives and active adjectives, but also with passive adjectives. The usage of the VP is broader in Huangdao Dialect than in Qingdao dialect in case it is a verb phrase. The negative of "NP1+VP+起+NP2" sentence structure uses "不" or "沒有." If common comparative element can be found between NP1 and NP2, the negative particles are used at the beginning of the sentence in general to generate topic sentences. NP1 is often a common noun, modifying phrase, and quantifying phrase, while it can also be a verb-object phrase or modifying phrase. Huangdao Dialect may exhibit specific quantifying phrases that express comparative differences. The inquisitive style of "NP1+VP+起+NP2" sentence structure include appending a question mark at the end of the sentence, combining the positive and negative forms of the adjective, and appending "'是沒" or "是不是" in the front of the adjective.

• 영어어문교육
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.199-216
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• 2009

This study investigates how Korean speakers develop their interlanguage of English passive constructions with a reference to the learners' grammar proficiency levels. Sixty two college students of different levels of English participated in this study. They were asked to complete a sentence-completion task. Their production was classified into accurate passives, malformed passives, pseudo-passives, unaccusatives, and actives according to the use of transitive, ergative and unergative verbs. They then were further analyzed depending on the subjects' levels of grammar by three main factors: L1 transfer, the English voice system, and universal cognitive factors. The results showed that the subjects of the lower group produced more pseudo-passives, malformed passives, and overpassivization than those of the higher group, and even subjects of higher group still made passives for ergative verbs. It was also shown that L1 and universal factors had more influence on the lower group than on the higher group. Based on the analyses of the subjects' responses, the development of the English passive system by Korean learners is shown and some implications are suggested for effective teaching of English.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제31B권11호
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• pp.124-135
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• 1994

본 논문에서는 한국어 특수구문의 처리를 위한 국어 구문 분석 시스템을 제안한다. 문법의 기술은 동사와 의미를 통합적으로 처리하는 HPSG를 채택하고, 파싱 기법으로는 한국어에 유리한 단방향 활성 차트 파싱을 사용한다. 본 논문의 파서는 포괄적인 문장 구조(보어-중심어 구조, 수식어-중심어 구조, 중심어-중심어 구조)의 처리뿐만 아니라, 실용적인 문장에서 많이 나타나는 보조용언 구몬, 사동문, 피동문, 명사화 어미, 존칭, 화계와 같은 특수구문에 대해서도 파싱을 할 수 있도록 구현되었다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.263-283
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• 2009

Although some CASE tools supported conceptual data design, they required for users too much preliminary knowledge to learn how to use and handle them. In addition, in a number of studies on conceptual data design with natural language, they claimed passive participation for users with conforming to messages predefined by CASE tools. As an alternative to these traditional CASE tools, we proposed an ERD formulator for automated data design tool, called ERDF, so that even ordinary users, not necessarily data modeler, are capable of formulating ERD on business requirements by use of ERDF. We, first of all, introduced NSM as the standard methodology. We also designed the structure of ERDF including main controller, input controller, operation controller, regulation controller, schema controller, and output controller. We then defined conceptual domains and basic operations to lay down schema operations as well as sentence rules to handle input sentence in natural language. To get an ERD that is faithful to business requirements, we laid out supplementary design for dialogue and confirmation of soundness and completion.

• 음성과학
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.47-64
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• 2003

In the present study, the production of grammatical morphemes of Korean-speaking children with and without developmental language impairments was investigated. Ten children with language impairments (LI) (CA: 4; 4-6; 11, LA: 3; .6-5; 10) and 10 normal children (CA: 3;1-6;3, LA: 3;5-5;11) with matched language abilities participated in the study. Sixty pairs of pictures were used to elicit 12 types of predetermined grammatical morphemes. The two pictures of a pair were designed to elicit two sentences of the same sentence structure. After the investigator described one picture of a pair, the children were asked to describe the other picture. The LI children made more errors than the normal children in the production of 6 types of grammatical morphemes including: locative case marker, dative case marker, two connective endings of predicates representing cause and goal, and suffixes for passive and causative verbs. However, the LI children produced some grammatical morphemes as accurately as. the normal children. The two groups were similar in their error patterns. Some explanations for Korean-speaking LI children's use of grammatical morphemes were suggested.