• 천문학회보
• /
• 제43권1호
• /
• pp.56.2-56.2
• /
• 2018

Astrophysical shocks accelerate particles to high velocities, which we observe as cosmic rays. The acceleration process changes the nature of the shock because the particles interact with the local magnetic field, removing energy and potentially triggering instabilities. In order to simulate this process, we need a computational method that can handle large scale structures while, at the same time, following the motion of individual particles. We achieve this by combining the grid magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) method with the particle-in-cell (PIC) approach. MHD can be used to simulate the thermal gas that forms the majority of the gas near the shock, while the PIC method allows us to model the interactions between the magnetic field and those particles that deviate from thermal equilibrium. Using this code, we simulate shocks at various sonic and Alfvenic Mach numbers in order to determine how the behaviour of the shock and the particles depends on local conditions.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한전기학회 2008년도 제39회 하계학술대회
• /
• pp.482-483
• /
• 2008

This paper compares particle swarm optimization techniques for PV allocation planning problem in power systems. PV allocation planning problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear problem. Five variants of PSO techniques are investigated for the applicability on the PV allocation problem. Namely, PSO with constant inertia weight approach (PSO-CIW), PSO with time varying inertia weight (PSO-TVIW), PSO with random inertia weight (PSO-RIW), PSO with constriction factor (PSO-CF) and PSO with time varying acceleration coefficients (PSO-TVAC).

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2003년도 추계학술대회
• /
• pp.905-909
• /
• 2003

This paper describes a shower type ultrasonic cleaning system using particle acceleration, developed for better effectiveness in washing out agricultural chemicals from fruits or vegetables, compared to the existing bath type ultrasonic cleaning system. The shower type system consists of a signal generator, a transducer, and a spouting nozzle, mainly. The system has been tested based on the method recommended by Korea Food and Drug Administration. It is found that shower type system shows better performance and cost-effectiveness than the bath type system that is commercially available .

• 한국분말재료학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.304-309
• /
• 2012

The purpose of our study was to develop the fabrication method of porous diatomite ceramics with a porosity gradient by centrifugal molding. The processing variables of centrifugal molding were derived from Stoke's law of sedimentation, which were the radius of the particles, the acceleration due to centrifugal molding and the dynamic viscosity of the slurry. And these could be controlled by ball-milling conditions, centrifugal conditions, and the addition of methyl cellulose, respectively. The effects of processing conditions on the gradient pore structure of diatomite were investigated by particle size analysis, scanning electron microscope, and mercury porosimeter.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.109.1-109.1
• /
• 2011

Shock waves are ubiquitous in astrophysical environments. In particular, shocks formed by merger of subclumps, infall of matter and internal flow motion in intracluster media (ICMs) and cluster outskirts are relatively weak with Mach number M ${\lesssim}$ a few. At such weak shocks, it has been believed that the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) of cosmic rays is rather inefficient. Yet, the presence of nonthermal phenomena, such as radio halos and relics, suggests that contrary to the expectation, DSA as well as magnetic field amplification should operate at weak shocks in cluster environments. We recently initiated a study of weak, collisionless, astrophysical shocks using a PIC(Particle-in-Cell) code. The PIC code describes the motion of electron and ion particles under the electromagnetic field which is represented in grid zones. Here, we present a preliminary work of one-dimensional simulations. We show how shocks are set up as the turbulent electromagnetic field is developed in the shock transition layer, and discuss the implication on DSA and magnetic field amplification.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
• /
• 제49권6호
• /
• pp.1189-1198
• /
• 2017

Computer-aided design (CAD)-based Monte Carlo radiation transport is of value to the nuclear engineering community for its ability to conduct transport on high-fidelity models of nuclear systems, but it is more computationally expensive than native geometry representations. This work describes the adaptation of a rendering data structure, the signed distance field, as a geometric query tool for accelerating CAD-based transport in the direct-accelerated geometry Monte Carlo toolkit. Demonstrations of its effectiveness are shown for several problems. The beginnings of a predictive model for the data structure's utilization based on various problem parameters is also introduced.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국추진공학회 2008년도 제31회 추계학술대회논문집
• /
• pp.217-220
• /
• 2008

킥모터의 정확한 성능 예측을 위해서 슬래그 적층량을 구하였다. 알루미늄 액적의 궤적 계산을 통해 슬래그가 모터 내부에 적층되는 현상을 나타내었다. 유동현상 및 액적의 적층 현상을 Flunet 6.3을 사용해서 수치해석을 수행하였다. 슬래그 적층량을 예측하기 위해 비행중의 가속도, 액적의 크기 등에 대한 영향을 분석하였고 이를 고려하여 총 슬래그양을 구하였다. 지상시험 결과를 이용해서 구한 슬래그양과 비교해서 수치해석을 통한 슬래그 적층량이 잘 예측된 것을 확인하였다.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제43권2호
• /
• pp.38.1-38.1
• /
• 2018

A merging galaxy cluster is a useful laboratory to study many interesting astrophysical processes such as intracluster medium heating, particle acceleration, and possibly dark matter self-interaction. However, without understanding the merger scenario of the system, interpretation of the observational data is severely limited. In this work, we focus on the off-axis binary cluster merger Abell 115, which possesses many remarkable features. The cluster has two cool cores in X-ray with disturbed morphologies and a single giant radio relic just north of the northern X-ray peak. In addition, there is a large discrepancy (almost a factor of 10) in mass estimate between weak lensing and dynamical analyses. To constrain the merger scenario, we perform a hydrodynamical simulation with the adaptive mesh refinement code RAMSES. We use the multi-wavelength observational data including X-ray, weak-lensing, radio, and optical spectroscopy to constrain the merger scenario. We present detailed comparisons between the simulation results and these multi-wavelength observations.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제44권2호
• /
• pp.55.1-55.1
• /
• 2019

We investigate broadband emission properties of the pulsar wind nebula (PWN) 3C 58 using a spectral energy distribution (SED) model. We attempt to match simultaneously the broadband SED and spatial variations and emission about 3C 58 in X-ray band. We further the model to explain a possible far-IR feature of which a hint is recently suggested in 3C 58: a small bump at ~10^11 GHz in the PLANCK and Herschel band. While external dust emission may easily explain the observed bump, it may be internal emission of PWNe implying an another additional population of particles. Although significance for the bump in 3C 58 is not higher than other PWNe, here we explore possible origins of the IR bump using the emission model and find that a population of electrons with GeV energies can explain the bump. If it is produced in the PWN, it may provide new insights into particle acceleration and flows in PWNe.

• 천문학회보
• /
• 제45권1호
• /
• pp.55.2-55.2
• /
• 2020

Radio relics in the outskirts of galaxy clusters are interpreted as synchrotron radiation due to the relativistic electrons produced via diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) in shocks with low sonic Mach numbers, Ms ≤ 3 in high beta ICM plasma. Electron injection into the DSA process at such weak shocks is one of the key elements, which has yet to be fully understood. In this study, we explore the nature of kinetic microinstabilities excited in weak quasi-perpendicular shocks through 2D particle-in-cell simulations. We find Alfven-ion cyclotron (AIC), whistler, and mirror instabilities can be triggered by ion and electron temperature anisotropy in the immediate downstream of supercritical shocks with Ms > Mcrit ~ 2.3. In particular, AIC instability causes rippling of the shock surface, which in turn generates plasma waves on multi-scales and faciliates the electron preacceleration. Our results may contribute to understanding the origins of radio relics.