• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.565-574
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• 2001

Experimental investigation into the behaviour of half-scale brick masonry panels were conducted under cyclic loading normal to the bed joint and parallel to the bed joint. For each cycle, full reloading was performed with the cycle peaks coinciding approximately with the envelope curve. Unloading, however, was carried out fully to zero stress level and partially to two different stress levels of 25 percent and 50 percent of peak stress. Stability point limit exhibits a unique stress-strain curve for full unloading but it could not be established for partial unloading. Common point limit was established for all unloading-reloading patterns considered, but its location depends on the stress level at which unloading is carried to. Common point curves were found to follow an exponential formula, while residual strains versus envelope strains can be expressed by a polynomial function of a single term. The relation between residual strain and envelope strain can be used to determine the stress level at which deterioration due to cyclic loading began.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.598-600
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• 2009

A highly efficient and compactly integrated balanced power amplifier (PA) for W-CDMA handset applications is presented. To overcome the size limit of a typical balanced PA, a bulky input divider is integrated into a PA MMIC, and a complex output network is replaced with simple lumped-element networks. For efficiency improvement at the low output power level, one of the two amplifiers in parallel is deactivated and the other is partially operated with corresponding load impedance optimization. The implemented PA shows excellent average current consumption of 34.5 mA in urban and 56.3 mA in suburban environments, while exhibiting very good load-insensitivity under condition of VSWR=4:1.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2005년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.201-206
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• 2005

In order to realistically represent the complex turbulence-chemistry interaction at the partially premixed turbulent lifted flames encountered in the gas turbine combustors, the combined conserved-scalar/level-set flamelet approach has been adopted. The parallel unstructured-grid finite-volume method has been developed to maintain the geometric flexibility and computational efficiency for the solution of the physically and geometrically complex flows. Special emphasis is given to the swirl effects on the combustion characteristics of the lean-premixed gas turbine combustor. Numerical results suggest that the present approach is capable of realistically simulating the combustion characteristics for the lean-premixed gas turbine engines and the lifted turbulent jet flame with a vitiated coflow.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2010

The pentacene-based organic thin film transistors(OTFTs) using polyvinylalcohol(PVA) alignment layer were fabricated on the $SiO_2$ evaporated to n-type (111) Si substrates. The pentacene film was deposited by thermally evaporated at $10^{-7}$ torr. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscope(AFM) measurement showed pentacene film which deposited on rubbed PVA layers were partially crystallized at (001) plane. The pentacene OTFTs with PVA layers rubbed perpendicular to the direction of current flow was shown to align better orientation than parallel rubbed case and thus to enhance the mobility and saturation current by a factor of 2.3 respectively. We obtained mobility by 0.026 $cm^2$/Vs and on-off current ratio by ${\sim}10^8$.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(2)
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• pp.173-176
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• 2002

This paper is about a high-speed MAC (multiplier and accumulator) design applying radix-4 and radix-8 Booth's algorithm at the same time. The optimized hybrid radix design for high speed MAC has taken advantage of both a radix-4 and a radix-8 architectures. A radix-4 architecture meets high-speed, but it takes much more power and chip area than a radix-8 architecture. A radix-8 architecture needs less power and chip area than the other, but it has a bottleneck of generating three times the multiplicand problem. An optimized hybrid architecture performs the radix-4 multiplication partially in parallel with the generation of three times the multiplicand for use of the radix-8 multiplication. It reduces the concerned bit width of multiplier in radix-8 multiplication.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.90-98
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• 1997

A time-optimal control law for quick, strongly nonlinear systems has been developed and demonstrated. This procedure involves the utilzation of neural networks as state feedback controllers that learn the time-optimal control actions by means of an iterative minimization of both the final time and the final state error for the systems with constrained inputs and/or states. A neural identifier or a genetic algorithm identifier could be utilized for modeling the partially known systems and the unknown systems. The nature of neural networks as a parallel processor would circumvent the problem of "curwe of dimensionality". The control law has been demonstrated for both a torque input motor and a velocity input motor identified by a genetic algorithm called GENOCOPed GENOCOP.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2004

The electrical resistivity prospecting method with dipole-dipole array were applied in order to survey 3-D structure characteristics of the Noen landfill site. For the electrical resistivity prospecting, 3 line of measurements were established parallel to the main boundary of the Noen landfill site and additional 2 lines were also established perpendicular to the existing 3 lines for the effective investigation of the landfill site. The results showed that the uppermost layer of the landfill site is believed to be stabilized generally based on the characteristics of electrical resistivity distribution. Lowest layer was partially polluted by the leachate.

• BMB Reports
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• 제51권3호
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• pp.134-142
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• 2018

Organ growth is fundamental to animal development. One of major mechanisms for growth control is mediated by the conserved Hippo signaling pathway initially identified in Drosophila. The core of this pathway in Drosophila consists of a cascade of protein kinases Hippo and Warts that negatively regulate transcriptional coactivator Yorkie (Yki). Activation of Yki promotes cell survival and proliferation to induce organ growth. A key issue in Hippo signaling is to understand how core kinase cascade is activated. Activation of Hippo kinase cascade is regulated in the upstream by at least two transmembrane proteins Crumbs and Fat that act in parallel. These membrane proteins interact with additional factors such as FERM-domain proteins Expanded and Merlin to modulate subcellular localization and function of the Hippo kinase cascade. Hippo signaling is also influenced by cytoskeletal networks and cell tension in epithelia of developing organs. These upstream events in the regulation of Hippo signaling are only partially understood. This review focuses on our current understanding of some upstream processes involved in Hippo signaling in developing Drosophila organs.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2002년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집(1)
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• pp.125-128
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• 2002

This paper is about a high-speed MAC (multiplier and accumulator) design applying radix-4 and radix-8 Booth's algorithm at the same time. The optimized hybrid radix design for high speed MAC has taken advantage of both a radix-4 and a radix-8 architectures. A radix-4 architecture meets high-speed, but it takes much more power and chip area than a radix-8 architecture. A radix-8 architecture needs less power and chip area than the other, but it has a bottleneck of generating three times the multiplicand problem. An optimized hybrid architecture performs tile radix-4 multiplication partially in parallel with the generation of three times the multiplicand for use of tile radix-8 multiplication. It reduces the concerned bit width of multiplier in radix-8 multiplication.

• 대한수학회지
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• 제42권3호
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• pp.435-445
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• 2005

The purpose of this paper is to study a Kenmotsu manifold which is derived from the almost contact Riemannian manifold with some special conditions. In general, we have some relations about semi-symmetric, Ricci semi-symmetric or Weyl semisymmetric conditions in Riemannian manifolds. In this paper, we partially classify the Kenmotsu manifold and consider the manifold admitting a transformation which keeps Riemannian curvature tensor and Ricci tensor invariant.