• The Transactions of the Korea Information Processing Society
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.3226-3235
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• 2000

The more complex and larger semiconductor integraed circuits become, the core important delay test becomes which guarantees that semiconductor integrated circuits operate in time. In this paper, we propose a new partial enhanced scan method that can generate test patterns for path delay faults offectively. We implemented a new partial enhanced scan method based on an automatic test pattern generator(ATPG) which uses implication and justification . First. we generate test patterns in the standard scan environment. And if test patterns are not generated regularly in the scan chain, we determine flip-flops which applied enhanced scan flip-flops using the information derived for running an automatic test pattern generator inthe circuti. Determming enhanced scan flip-flops are based on a fault coverage or a hardware overhead. through the expenment for JSCAS 89 benchmark sequential circuits, we compared the fault coverage in the standard scan enviroment and enhance scan environment, partial enhanced scan environment. And we proved the effectiveness of the new partial enhanced scan method by identifying a high fault coverage.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 대한전기학회 1997년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.314-316
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• 1997

We have studied the epitaxial growth and electrical properties of $Si_{0.8}Ge_{0.2}$, films on Si substrates at $550^{\circ}C$ by LPCVD. In a low $PH_3$, partial pressure region such as below 1.25 mPa, the phosphorus doping concentration increased proportionally with increasing $PH_3$ partial pressure while the deposition rate and the Ge fraction x were constant. In a higher $PH_3$ partial pressure region, the phosphorus doping concentration and the deposition rate decreased, while the Ge fraction slightly increased. The dependence of P incorporation rate on the $PH_3$ partial pressure was similar to the phosphorus doping concentration. According to test results, it suggests that high surface coverage of phosphorus atoms suppress both the $SiH_4$ adsorption/reaction and the $GeH_4$ adsorption/reaction on the surfaces, and the effect is more stronger on $SiH_4$ than on $GeH_4$. In a higher $PH_3$ partial pressure region, the deposition is largely controlled by surface coverage effect of phosphorus atoms.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.545-558
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• 2008

This study estimated the error involved in the areal average rainfall derived from incomplete radar information due to radar partial coverage of a basin or sub-basin. This study considers the Han-River Basin as an application example for the rainfall observation using the Ganghwa rain radar. Among the total of 20 mid-sized sub-basins of the Han-River Basin evaluated in this study, only five sub-basins are fully covered by the radar and three are totally uncovered. Remaining 12 sub-basins are partially covered by the radar to result in incomplete radar information available. When only partial radar information is available, the sampling error decreases proportional to the size of the radar coverage, which also varies depending on the number of clusters. Conditioned that the total area coverage remains the same, the sampling error decreases as the number of clusters increases. This study estimated the sampling error of the areal average rainfall of partially-covered mid-sized sub-basins of the Han- River Basin, and the results show that the sampling error could be at least several % to maximum tens % depending on the relative coverage area.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.228-234
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• 2011

Purpose: Reconstruction of chest wall has always been a challenging problem. Muscle flaps for chest wall reconstruction have been helpful in controling infection, filling dead space and covering the prosthetic material in this challenge. However, when we use muscle flaps, functional and cosmetic donor site morbidities could occur. The authors applied and revised various partial muscle flaps and combination use of them to cover the prosthetic material for the chest wall reconstruction and evaluated the usefulness of partial muscle flaps. Methods: This study included 7 patients who underwent chest wall reconstruction using partial muscle flap to cover prosthetic material from 2004 to 2008. The pectoralis major muscle was used in anterior 2/3 parts of it leaving lateral 1/3 parts of it. The anterior 2/3 parts of the pectoralis major muscle were used while lateral 1/3 parts were left. In case of the rectus abdominis muscle flap, we used upper half of it, or we dissected it around its origin and then advanced to cover the site. The latissimus dorsi muscle flap was elevated with lateral portion of it along the descending branch of the thoracodorsal artery. If single partial muscle flap could not cover whole prosthetic material, it would be covered with combination of various partial muscle flaps adjacent to the coverage site. Results: Flap coverage of the prosthetic material and chest wall reconstructions were successfully done. There occurred no immediate and delayed post operative complications such as surgical site infection, seroma, deformity of donor site and functional impairment. Conclusion: When we use the muscle flaps to cover prosthetic material for chest wall reconstruction, use of the partial muscle flaps could be a good way to reduce donor site morbidity. Combination of multiple partial flaps could be a valuable and good alternative way to overcome the disadvantages of partial muscle flaps such as limitation of volume and size as well as flap mobility.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.181-198
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• 2008

Designing satellite constellations providing partial coverage of certain regions becomes more important as small low-altitude satellites receives an increasing attention due to its cost-effectiveness analysis. Generally, Walker's method is a standard constellation method for global coverage but not effective for partial coverage. The purpose of this study is to design optimal constellation of satellites for effective observation in Korean peninsula regions. In this study, a new constellation design method is presented for partial coverage, using direct control of satellites' orbital elements. And also, a ground repeating circular orbit is considered for each satellite's orbit with the Earth oblateness effect. As the results, at least four satellites are required to observe the Korean peninsula regions effectively when minimum elevation angle is assumed as 12 degrees. The results from new method are better than those from the best Walker method. The proposed algorithm will be useful to design satellite constellation missions of Korea in future.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.248-257
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• 2019

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the relationships of types of dental insurance coverage in Korea with sociodemographic characteristics and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases, as well as to evaluate the socioeconomic impact of Korean dental insurance policies. Methods: Sample cohort data from 2006 to 2015 were obtained from the National Health Insurance Service. Patients were divided into 2 groups. The exposed group comprised patients who received insurance benefits for complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implant care, while the control group comprised patients who did not receive these benefits. The type of insurance coverage and the prevalence of systemic and oral diseases were compared between the 2 groups. Results: Patients who received benefits in the form of complete dentures, removable partial dentures, and implants had similar sociodemographic characteristics in terms of sex, age, income quintile, and type of insurance coverage to the control group. The prevalence of hypertension, anemia, renal disease, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, asthma, and cerebral infarction was higher in the exposed group than in the control group (P<0.05). The prevalence of periodontal diseases and dental caries was also higher in the exposed group. Conclusions: Korean dental health insurance policy has been beneficial for the medical expenses of low-income and elderly people suffering from a cost burden due to systemic diseases. However, since there is a tendency to avoid invasive interventions in older patients due to the high risk of systemic diseases, insurance coverage of dentures may be more helpful from a socioeconomic perspective than coverage of dental implant treatments.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2016

PURPOSE. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of anchorage systems and palatal coverage of denture base on load transfer in maxillary implant-retained overdenture. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Maxillary implant-retained overdentures with 4 implants placed in the anterior region of edentulous maxilla were converted into a 3-D numerical model, and stress distribution patterns in implant supporting bone in the case of unilateral vertical loading on maxillary right first molar were compared with each other depending on various types of anchorage system and palatal coverage extent of denture base using three-dimensional finite element analysis. RESULTS. In all experimental models, the highest stress was concentrated on the most distal implant and implant supporting bone on loaded side. The stress at the most distal implant-supporting bone was concentrated on the cortical bone. In all anchorage system without palatal coverage of denture base, higher stresses were concentrated on the most distal implant and implant supporting bone on loaded side. CONCLUSION. It could be suggested that when making maxillary implant retained overdenture, using Hader bar instead of milled bar and full palatal coverage rather than partial palatal coverage are more beneficial in distributing the stress that is applied on implant supporting bone.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.171-177
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• 2007

Korean rivers and their surrounding environments have been used excessively for rice production in the past and more recently for construction of urban areas to accomodate the rapidly increasing population. Affected Korean rivers experience dramatic fluctuations in their water levels and have faster currents compared with those in other countries. In order to restore more natural conditions in rivers experiencing such conditions, we employed a partial restoration method, which is designed to achieve physical and biological stability simultaneously. Concrete blocks were introduced to increase the river's physical stability during floods, and terra cottem, a soil enhancer, was used to reduce water loss due to intense heat. These interventions increased the river's ability to hold water and thereby promoted plant growth. This restoration method increased vegetation coverage and species diversity in treated areas, and changed the species composition in treated areas to more closely approximate that of the control site. These results suggest that this method is effective in restoring damaged habitats to more natural conditions.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.121-132
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• 1995

Patients, who have gingival recession and complain of root sensitivity, or esthetic concerns, are candidates for root coverage. When free gingival grafting is used for complete root corverage, the results may not be entirely predictible unless the recession is shallow and narrow because a free gingival graft depends on collateral circulation from the lateral and apical parts of the recipient bed to survive over the avascular root. Various pedicle graft techniques can produce more esthetic results, but these procedures are only indicated when adequate donor tissues are available adjacent to the defect. This case report presents three cases for root coverage using the various connective tissue graft techniques. In the first case(Class III & IV), subepithelial connective tissue grafting was done and resulted in gingival coverage on the two-thirds of exposed root surface and blended with the adjacent tissue in color and texture. In the second case(Class I), connective tissue and partial thickness double pedicle graft resulted in complete coverage of denuded root surface. In the third case(Class I), recession was treated by supraperiosteal envelope technique. The root surface was covered completely and esthetically. Finally, the esthetics in both colors and tissue contours were acceptable to patients in all cases by the connective tissue grafting. However, in the case of the reduced interdental bone, the denuded root surfaces were hardly covered completely.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.44-47
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• 2014

Typically, massive rotator cuff tears have stiff and retracted tendon with poor muscle quality, in such cases orthopaedic surgeons are confronted with big challenging to restore the cuff to its native footprint. Furthermore, even with some restoration of the footprint, it is related with a high re-tear rate due to less tension free repair and less tendon coverage. In this tough circumstance, the partial repair has yielded satisfactory outcomes at relatively short follow-up by re-creating the transverse force couple of the rotator cuff. Through this partial repair, the massive rotator cuff tear can be converted to the "functional rotator cuff tear" and provide improvement in pain and functional outcomes in patient's shoulder.