• Title/Summary/Keyword: Paris

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Immortal architecture 09 - Cathédrale Notre-Dame de Paris (불멸의 건축 09 - 노트르담 대성당)

  • Shin, Minjae
    • Korean Architects
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    • s.618
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    • pp.128-131
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    • 2020
  • 건축법에서 재축(再築)이란 '건축물이 천재지변이나 그 밖의 재해(災害)로 멸실된 경우 그 대지에 다시 축조하는 것을 말한다'라고 정의하고 있습니다. 필자는 신축, 재개발, 재건축 등 새로 짓는 것이 건축의 주류인 상황에서 재축된 건축물들을 소개하고 건축의 의미를 돌아보고자 이 연재를 준비했습니다.

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Remaining life prediction of concrete structural components accounting for tension softening and size effects under fatigue loading

  • Murthy, A. Rama Chandra;Palani, G.S.;Iyer, Nagesh R.
    • Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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    • v.32 no.3
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    • pp.459-475
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    • 2009
  • This paper presents analytical methodologies for remaining life prediction of plain concrete structural components considering tension softening and size effects. Non-linear fracture mechanics principles (NLFM) have been used for crack growth analysis and remaining life prediction. Various tension softening models such as linear, bi-linear, tri-linear, exponential and power curve have been presented with appropriate expressions. Size effect has been accounted for by modifying the Paris law, leading to a size adjusted Paris law, which gives crack length increment per cycle as a power function of the amplitude of a size adjusted stress intensity factor (SIF). Details of tension softening effects and size effect in the computation of SIF and remaining life prediction have been presented. Numerical studies have been conducted on three point bending concrete beams under constant amplitude loading. The predicted remaining life values with the combination of tension softening & size effects are in close agreement with the corresponding experimental values available in the literature for all the tension softening models.

Fatigue Crack Propagation Analysis by P-Version of Finite Element Method (P-version 유한요소법에 의한 피로균열해석)

  • 우광성;이채규
    • Computational Structural Engineering
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    • v.5 no.3
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    • pp.97-103
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    • 1992
  • Since many design problems in the railroad, aerospace and machine structures involve considerations of the effect of cyclic loading, manufacturing and quality control processes much fully account for fatigue of critical components. Due to the sensitivity of the Paris law, it is very important to calculate .DELTA.K numerically to minimize the error of predicted fatigue life in cycles. However, it is shown that the p-version of FEM based on LEFM analysis is far better suited for computing the stress intensity factors than the conventional h-version. To demonstrate the proficiency of the proposed scheme, the welded T-joint with crack problems of box car body bolster assembly and a crack problem emanating from a circular hole in finite strip have been solved.

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A Statistical Analysis of Fatigue Crack Growth under Constant-Amplitude Loads (일정진폭하중하의 피로균열전파의 통계적 특성)

  • Jeong, Hyeon-Cheol;Lim, Young-Kyu;Kim, Seon-Jin
    • Proceedings of the Korea Committee for Ocean Resources and Engineering Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.104-109
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    • 2002
  • In this paper, a statistical analysis of fatigue crack growth behavior under constant amplitude loads has been carried out. Fatigue crack growth tests were conducted on sixteen pre-cracked compact tension (CT) specimens of the pressure vessel (SPV50) steel in controlled identical load and environmental conditions. The assessment of the statistical distribution of fatigue crack growth experimental data obtained from SPV50 steel was studied and also the correlation of the parameter C and m in the Paris-Erdogan law was discussed. The probability distribution function of fatigue crack growth life seems to follow the 3-parameter Weibull. The fatigue crack growth rate seems to follow the 3-parameter Weibull and the log-normal distribution. The coefficient of variation (COV) of fatigue crack growth life was observed to decrease as the crack grows. A strong negative linear correlation exists between the coefficient C and the exponent m in Paris model. Fatigue crack growth rate data shows a normal distribution for both m and logC.

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Analysis on the Acceptance of Foreign Fashion Trends in Korean Fashion Collection (국내 패션컬렉션에 나타난 해외 패션트렌드의 수용도 분석)

  • Lee, Eun-Sook;Kim, Sae-Bom
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.93-110
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    • 2011
  • This study investigates the analysis on the acceptance of Foreign Fashion trends in Korean Fashion Collection by collections, years, season, and designers. The purpose of this study is Korean collection's degree to adopt and receive foreign collections, by comparative analysis of design features between Seoul and foreign collections. For such purpose, from 2006 S/S to 2011 F/W, 5185 pictures were collected from designer's photos of Seoul, Paris, Milan, NY, and London collections. The content analysis and statistical analysis using SPSS will be conducted for data analysis. The results of the research are as follows. First, regarding the design features, square-form silhouette, achromatic colors, and none pattern were presented as well. Second, there were significant differences in the design characteristics of each year. Particularly, in 2008, X-form silhouette, Yellow and Green color, and flower pattern were emphasized. Third, the design features by season were significant differences. In S/S season, square-form and X-form silhouette, achromatic colors of white and gray color, none pattern were evident while in F/W season, square-form Silhouette, achromatic colors of black and gray, and none pattern were emphasized. Fourth, the design features by designer are as follows. In terms of form, Seoul collection was influenced by Paris collection. In terms of colors, it was influenced by NY and London collections.

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Searching for the environmental management plans of Korea paper industry coping with the new climate regime (신 기후체제 협약에 따른 국내 제지산업의 환경경영 방안 모색)

  • Kim, Dong Seop;Sung, Yong Joo
    • Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.75-82
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    • 2016
  • The new climate regime for practical reduction in green house gas(GHG) emissions was launched in Paris at Dec. 2015. The Korea government would make various policies and plans in order to achieve the BAU 37 % emission reduction goals by 2030. In this study, the current situation and the possible corresponding methodology to the GHG emission reduction of Korea paper industry were investigated. Although the GHG emission reduction in KOREA paper industry has been successfully conducted compared with other industries until now, the more efforts for controlling GHG emission would be required to meet the new climate regime. The efficiency of various GHG reduction projects conducted by Korea paper companies was evaluated to find efficient way for GHG reduction. The certified methodologies of the external project based offset systems in Korea GHG emission trading scheme were also reviewed for providing the possible way to develope tailored methodology to the Korea paper industry.

Study on Analyses of Pleasure Trends and Aesthetic Characteristics of Accessories of Haute Couture Design - Focused on Haute Couture Collections from 2005 S/S to 2013 S/S -

  • Wang, Ling;Kim, Eunsil;Lee, Misuk
    • Journal of Fashion Business
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    • v.17 no.3
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    • pp.122-136
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    • 2013
  • This study supplements clothes by studying pleasure shown in accessories of haute couture designers and finds out pleasant characteristics represented in items which play an important role in producing personalities through collections, so the study aims at prospecting design development directions accessories henceforth. For the study period and methods, 295 photo materials were analyzed being judged to show pleasure centered on Mode et Mode, representative fashion magazine, from 2005 S/S Paris haute couture collections to 2013 S/S Paris haute couture collections. At this time, the photos analyses were conducted and selected by two experts (Ph. D holders majored in fashion design) through two times. After analyzing pleasure features represented in fashion collection focused on haute couture accessories, I could know that surrealistic pleasure, anonymity-expressing pleasure, natural pleasure, and exaggerative pleasure were shown. The pleasure, as element that supplements and emphasizes clothes, has had an effect on bringing laughs characteristically.