• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.33-51
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parenting efficacy, parenting stress on elementary school children's self-efficacy and daily stress. The subjects were 355 children selected from 4 elementary schools and their mothers. Data was collected using the parenting efficacy index, parenting stress index, children's self-efficacy inventory and children's daily stress inventory. Data was statistically analyzed using the t-test, one way ANOVA(Duncan test), correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The study showed that there were some significant differences in children's self-efficacy according to the child's grade, gender, scholastic achievement, mother education, father education, and income. There were some significant differences in children's daily stress according to the child's grade, gender, and scholastic achievement. Correlation analysis indicated that the maternal parenting efficacy and children's self-efficacy, especially self-confidence had a significant positive correlation, and indicated a negative correlation with children's daily stress. Correlation analysis indicated that maternal parenting stress and children's self-efficacy had a significant negative correlation, and indicated a positive correlation with children's daily stress. It was also found that scholastic achievement, educational distress of the mother, father education were significant predictors of the children's self-efficacy, and healthy parenting ability, father education, stress of a difficult child, scholastic achievement, gender were all significant predictors of the children's daily stress.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.4 s.206
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• pp.111-123
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• 2005

This study investigated the effects of child, mother, and family characteristics on parenting self-efficacy of 416 Korean mothers living in Seoul Korea. The results showed that mother's parenting self-efficacy was positively related to mother's perceived social support, child's temperament, and family income, but negatively related to mother' stress. Mother's educational parenting self-efficacy among parenting self-efficacy was positively related to mother's perceived social support, child's temperament, and mother's educational level, but negatively related to mother' stress and family income. Multiple regression indicated that mother characteristics were a strong predicator of mother's parenting self-efficacy. Especially, husband's support among mother characteristics was the strongest predicator of mother's parenting self-efficacy.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2012

The purposes of this study was to investigate the relationship and interaction between infant temperament, development, mother's parenting stress and social support on mother's self-efficacy. Participants in this study included 1610 infants (825 boys, 785 girls) and their mothers. The major findings of this study were as follows: First, infant temperament demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Lower levels of infant temperament indicated lower levels of self-efficacy, and higher levels of infant temperament indicated higher levels of self-efficacy. Second, infant development demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Greater communicative and social interaction between mother and child demonstrated a higher level of maternal self-efficacy. Third, mothers' parenting stress demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Higher levels of parenting stress demonstrated lower levels of maternal self-efficacy. Forth, Social support demonstrated a direct relationship to mother's self-efficacy. Greater levels of social support demonstrated lower level of maternal self-efficacy. Fifth, the greatest single relationship effecting mother's self-efficacy was mother's parenting stress. This research suggests the need for development of diverse social policies and programs to help mothers reduce maternal parenting stress and support the development of positive parenting skills with the goal of boosting mother's self-efficacy.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.197-211
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• 2009

This study investigated the relations between mother's parenting self-efficacy, perceived social support, parenting behavior, and acculturative stress, and young children's problem behavior, focusing on the mediational role of mother's parenting self-efficacy and parenting behavior. Mothers were female international marriage immigrant from China, Philippines, and Vietnam. The participants were 374mothers of young children and teachers of the children in Busan and Gyungnam, Korea. Questionnaires were based on Choe and Chung (2001), Shin(1996), Lee (1996), Hong (1995), and Han(1996). Structural equation modeling indicated that mother's parenting self-efficacy and parenting behavior were significant mediators of the relation between mother's perceived social support and child's problem behavior. The results will be useful for parent training programs for female international marriage immigrant.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.547-559
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of mothers' self-efficacy, parenting behaviors, and children's achievement motivation on children's self-efficacy. Subjects were 591 fifth- and sixth-graders and their mothers in Busan. Statistics and methods used for data analysis were Cronbach's alpha, Pearson's correlation, Multiple Regression, and Path Analysis. Several major findings of this study were as follows: 1) Any difference was not found by sex in children's general and total self-efficacy. Girls' social efficacy, however, was higher than boys'. 2) Achievement motivation had a direct positive effect and was the first positive contribution factor to the self-efficacy of both sexes. 3) On boys' self-efficacy, mothers' own had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their parental role efficacy had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through their affective parenting behaviors and the boys' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had an indirect positive effect through achievement motivation, and their controlling parenting had a direct negative effect. 4) On girls' self-efficacy, mothers' own had a direct positive effect, and their parental role efficacy had an indirect positive effect through their affective and controlling parenting behaviors and the girls' achievement motivation; also mothers' affective parenting behaviors had a positive effect, direct or indirect, through achievement motivation, and the controlling parenting had a negative effect, direct or indirect.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-35
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was done to identify degrees of factors influencing parenting self-efficacy in grandmother raising infant and toddler. Method: A convenience sample of 121 grandmothers whose grandchild was between 3 to 36 months old was used. The variables were health status, health problems and life event. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey and descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA with Scheffe test, Pearson correlation coefficients and stepwise multiple regression were used to analyze using SPSS WIN 12.0. Results: The average score for parenting self-efficacy was 39.39(SD=5.09), somewhat higher than moderate in level. Factor that was significant in influencing parenting self-efficacy was life event. This factors accounted for 14.6% of explained variance. Conclusions: It was found that the life event was influenced to parenting self-efficacy in grandmothers raising infant and toddler. From this study it is proposed that there is a need to develop programs and policies which support them. Ultimately a good care environment for children will be good for the young children's growth and development.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.67-79
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• 2006

The present study examined predictors of children's problem solving using structural equation modeling(SEM). Participants were 410 dyads of 2nd- and 6th-grade children and their mother or father. Children and their parents responded to questionnaires. Instruments were the PSI(Parent Behavior Inventory, 1998), CES-D(Center for Epidemiological Scale-Depression, for children's depression, 1977) Sherer's(1982) self-efficacy scale, and the Problem Solving Inventory(Heppner & Petersen, 1982). In both grades, warmth in parenting behavior affected children's self-efficacy, which in turn contributed to their problem solving. Rejection in parenting behavior had positive effects on problem solving through increasing self-efficacy in 2nd graders only. Results implied importance of self-efficacy and developmentally appropriate parenting to improve children's problem solving.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.333-340
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to identify the influences of parental attitude, parenting attitudes, family function and peer attachment on the self-efficacy of middle school students in multicultural families. In particular, peer attachment was used as a mediator to determine the effects of self-efficacy. 302 multicultural family adolescents who enrolled in Seoul and Gyeonggi-do middle schools were surveyed. In order to measure the variables, this study used such scales as parenting attitude scale, family function scale, peer attachment scale and self efficacy scale. The results were analyzed by the PASW 18.0 program. The findings of the study led to the following conclusions; First, it has shown that peer attachment was the only variable that had significant differences by sex in middle school students of multicultural families. Second, the most influential variables of self-efficacy of middle school students in multicultural families was peer attachment among parenting attitude, family function and peer attachment. Third, there was a mediating effect of peer attachment among parenting attitude, family function and self-efficacy for adolescents of multicultural families. The notable distinction of this study was to find that peer attachment variable is the most important factor of self-efficacy. Considering the results in this study, aggressive intervention is necessary in order to improve the self-efficacy of middle school students in multicultural families.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.139-149
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• 2005

Predictors of parenting efficacy were examined in 448 college-educated mothers of kindergarten children. The mothers completed measures of maternal self-efficacy, child temperament, and father's child-rearing involvement. Higher parenting self-efficacy was observed in mothers of daughters, older siblings, less emotional, more active, and more sociable children, and among mothers who perceived higher levels of father's child-rearing involvement. Of the father's child-rearing involvement variables, guidance of socially appropriate language and behavior was the best predictor of mothers' parenting efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.41 no.12
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• pp.207-228
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate what antecedents and how much these antecedents have an effect on mother's parenting behaviors. The subjects of this study are 251 mothers who have child 3 to 6 year old in Daegu and Kyugbook province. The data are analysed through frequency, percentile, mean, standard deviation, Cronbach's α, Pearson's correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and hierarchical regression analysis. The major findings of this study are as follows：First, child's sex, temperament, and behavior problem, mother's parenting self-efficacy, and marital satisfaction and satisfaction of social support affect maternal affectionate parenting behavior. Second, child's temperament, mother's personality and parenting self-efficacy, and satisfaction of social support affect maternal control parenting behavior Third, mother's variables, especially parenting self-efficacy, have great effect on maternal affectionate parenting behavior than any other variables have. Forth, mother's variables, especially personality and efficacy of parenting, have great effect on maternal control parenting behavior than any other variables have.