• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2022

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the clinical and psychological factors influencing depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy. Methods: We administered self-reported questionnaires assessing children's depressive symptoms (Children's Depression Inventory, CDI) and anxiety (Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale, RCMAS) to children and adolescents with epilepsy (n=87, age range=6-17 years). We asked their parents to complete questionnaires on epilepsy-related variables, parental stress (Questionnaire on Resources and Stress, QRS), parental anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, STAI), family functioning (Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale, FACES), children's attention problems (Abbreviated Conners Parent Rating Scale Revised, CPRS), and children's behavioral problems (Korean Child Behavior Checklist, K-CBCL). Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed to identify predictive variables affecting depressive symptoms. Results: Family adaptability (r=-0.240, p=0.026), family cohesion (r=-0.381, p<0.001), children's attention problems (r=0.290, p=0.006), children's anxiety (r=0.714, p<0.001), children's behavioral problems (r=0.371, p<0.001), parental anxiety (r=0.320, p=0.003), and parental stress (r=0.335, p=0.002) were significantly correlated with children's depressive symptoms. Children's anxiety (β=0.655, p<0.001) and parental stress (β=0.198, p=0.013) were significantly related to their depressive symptoms (adjusted R²=0.539). Conclusion: Clinicians should detect and manage children's anxiety and parental stress, which may affect depressive symptoms in children and adolescents with epilepsy.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.18-26
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• 2022

Purpose: This study investigated whether parenting stress, work-family conflict, resilience affect retention intent in Korean nurses returning to work after parental leave. Methods: The participants in this study were 111 nurses recruited from 10 hospitals in Korea, who were working after formal parental leave from their hospitals. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, the t-test, analysis of variance, the Mann-Whitney U-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, and hierarchical regression. Results: Retention intention (33.80±7.78), parenting stress (101.70±17.57), and resilience (85.02±12.75) were at greater than moderate levels and a midpoint level of work-family conflict (29.63±7.00) was noted in this sample of mostly women nurses in their 30s. The factors affecting retention intent were parental leave duration, the number of times that participants had taken parental leave, health condition, work-family conflict, and resilience. The total explanatory power of these variables was 36.7%. Retention intent had a negative correlation with parenting stress and work-family conflict. Conversely, retention intent was positively correlated with resilience. Conclusion: This study supports the need for flexible adjustment of returning nurses' working hours and family-friendly policies to promote balance between work and family. It is also necessary to develop and apply measures that boost resilience and support health improvement for nurses returning to work.As nurses are often assigned to new areas of work upon return, training programs to aid their adjustment may also be helpful.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.865-878
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• 1999

With advances in neonatal medicine, smaller and sicker infants are surviving premature birth. As these tiny patients battle for their lives, their parents also struggle with psychological consequences of an unexpected role. The birth of a sick infants has long been documented as stressful events for the parents. High stress levels may alter parents' interaction with their baby and impair their communication with health professionals, which can in turn affect parents' participation in care planning and decision making. Nursing interventions aimed at reducing the parental stress and anxiety levels during this crisis may have a positive impact on their ability to form an attatchment to their baby and make prudent decisions about his care. The planning of such interventions would be inhanced if the contributions of various factors to increased parental stress levels were identified. This descriptive study was conducted to understand the contents and degree of parental stress in the NICU during their premature's hospitalization, and to give a baseline data in developing nursing intervention program. Subjects were the 60 mother of hospitalized newborn in NICU of 2 University Hospital in Taejon City from April 1st, 1999 to June 30th, 1999, who agreed to take part in this study. The instrument used in this study were Parental Stressor Scales:NICU(PSS:NICU) developed by Miles et al.. and validated by 3 NICU practitioners and 3 child health nursing faculties. The questionnaire has 4 dimensions and 45 items; sight and sounds of NICU(5 items), babies' appearance and behavior nursing intervention(19 items), parental role alteration and relationship with their baby(10 items), health team communication(11 items). The questionnaire asks parents to rate each item on a five-point Likert type scale that ranges from "not stressful" (1) to "extremely stressfu1"(5). Total scores representing overall stress from the NICU environment are calculated by summing response to each item. A high score indicates high stress. A subscale score is calculated by summing the responses to each item in the subscale. Cronbach's ${\alpha}$ coefficients were .93. The data was analyzed as average, Frequency, Standard deviation, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient by use of SPSS/PC+. The results of this study is summarized as follows ; 1. The total perceived stress level score of mothers of premature baby was slightly high($3.66{\pm}1.1$). The highest scored dimension was 'relationship with their baby and parental role change'($4.21{\pm}0.9$), and next were 'appearance and behavior of the baby'($3.92{\pm}1.1$), 'communication with health team'($3.32{\pm}1.3$), 'sight and sounds of NICU'($3.30{\pm}1.1$). 2. There were statistically significant correlation noted ; mother's perceived severity of the baby's condition(F=8.0012, P= .0125) and baby's gestational age(r = -.4724, P = .0500). In summary, information about physical environment of NICU, the mother's perceived severity of premature baby's state, maternal role change related variables and the knowledge of characteristics of premature baby must be included in nursing intervention program of mother's of premature baby in reducing the parental stress and anxiety level. It is suggested that each NICU needs to develop a nurse managed supportive care program for parents of premature baby. Also, it is suggested that there need to investigate the coping mechanism of mother of premature baby.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.59-75
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• 2019

본 연구는 청소년의 일반적 특성에 따른 부모의 학습관여, 가족건강성, 학업스트레스의 차이를 살펴보고, 청소년이 지각한 부모의 학습관여와 가족건강성이 학업스트레스에 미치는 영향력을 파악함으로써 부모의 바람직한 역할과 건강한 가족 환경 속에서 청소년들의 학업스트레스 감소 방안을 모색해 보고자 하였다. 첫째, 청소년의 성별에 따라 부모의 학습관여는 학습선택권 부여, 민주적 규칙 제공, 학업 진보 격려 등 부분적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났고 가족건강성은 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 학업스트레스에서는 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 학년에 따른 부모의 학습관여, 가족건강성, 학업스트레스의 경우, 부모의 학습관여와 가족건강성은 유의한 차이가 없었고, 학업스트레스에서는 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 생활수준에 따른 부모의 학습관여, 가족건강성, 학업스트레스의 경우, 부모의 학습관여(학습선택권 부여, 민주적 규칙 제공, 적정한 성과 추구, 학업 정보 제공, 학습관여 전체), 가족건강성, 학업스트레스에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 둘째, 청소년의 학업스트레스에 영향을 미치는 변인들은 학업 진보 격려, 민주적 규칙 제공, 적정한 성과 추구, 가족건강성 순으로 유의미한 영향력이 나타났으며, 이들 변인들은 학업스트레스를 30% 설명해 주고 있다. 즉, 부모의 학습관여 중 학업에 대한 진보를 격려할수록, 민주적 규칙을 제공할수록, 적정한 성과를 추구할수록, 가족건강성이 높을수록 청소년의 학업스트레스는 낮았다.

• 한국심리학회지 : 문화 및 사회문제
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-28
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• 2009

이 연구는 한국과 일본 대학생의 스트레스와 우울에 미치는 부모의 사회적 지원과 어려움극복 효능감 및 스트레스 관리행동의 영향을 분석하는데 주된 목적이 있다. 연구가설은 다음과 같다: [가설 1] 부모의 사회적 지원은 어려움극복 효능감에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 것이다. [가설 2] 어려움극복 효능감은 스트레스 관리행동과 스트레스 및 우울에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 것이다. [가설 3] 어려움극복 효능감은 부모의 사회적 지원이 스트레스와 우울에 영향을 미치는 심리적 과정에서 매개변인의 역할을 할 것이다. [가설 4] 스트레스 관리행동은 스트레스 및 우울에 직접적인 영향을 미칠 것이다. 이러한 가설에 기초하여 연구모형이 제안되었다. 분석대상은 총 469명으로, 한국 대학생 289명(남 156, 여 133)과 일본 대학생 180명(남 112, 여 68)이었다. 측정도구는 간편형 로드아일랜드 스트레스 척도(Horiuchi, Tsuda, Tanaka, Yajima & Tsuda, in press), 스트레스 관리행동 척도(Evers et al., 2006), 우울 척도(CES-D, Radloff, 1977; BDI-II, Beck, Steer & Brown, 1996), 어려움극복 효능감 척도(Bandura, 1995), 부모의 사회적 지원 척도(김의철, 박영신, 1999b)를 활용하였다. 분석결과, 가설 1, 2, 3은 한국과 일본 대학생 자료에서 모두 긍정되었다. 가설 4는 일본 대학생 자료에서는 부정되었고, 한국 대학생 자료에서는 부분적으로 부정되었다. 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 부모로부터 사회적 지원을 많이 받을수록 어려움극복 효능감이 높았다. 둘째, 어려움극복 효능감이 높을수록 스트레스 관리행동을 잘 하고, 스트레스가 낮을 뿐만 아니라, 우울 수준이 낮았다. 셋째, 어려움 극복효능감이 매개변인으로 의미 있는 작용을 하였다. 넷째, 스트레스 관리행동은 스트레스에 대해 의미 있는 영향이 없었다. 따라서 부모의 사회적 지원과 어려움극복 효능감은 스트레스와 우울에 영향을 미치는 중요한 변인으로 확인되었다.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of parental stress, social support, and coping behavior on burnout among mothers caring for children with cerebral palsy. Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional, descriptive study were 185 mothers who completed a self-report structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation and multiple linear regression analyses with IBM SPSS Win 22 program. Results: Parental stress and coping behavior were strong predictors of burnout among mothers of children with cerebral palsy. These variables explained 50.0% of the variance in burnout. Social support was not a predictor of burnout. A higher level of burnout was associated with higher levels of parental stress and lower levels of social support and coping behavior. Conclusion: Mothers of children with cerebral palsy are vulnerable to burnout. These results show that effective strategies for reducing parental stress and improving positive coping behavior are needed to reduce burnout in these mothers.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.25-39
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• 2013

The main purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among co-parenting, maternal parenting stress, and preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity with a sample of 155 mothers with 3 to 4 year old children (83 boys and 72 girls) living in Seoul. They completed a questionnaire on co-parenting, maternal parenting stress, and preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. The results were analyzed by means of correlations and regressions. Co-parenting was positively correlated with preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity but affectionate, integrated co-parenting was negatively correlated with preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. Maternal stress of parental suffering, dysfunctional interaction, and difficult temperament were positively related to preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. Conflicting co-parenting was positively correlated with maternal stress of parental suffering, but affectionate and integrated co-parenting was negatively correlated with maternal stress of parental suffering and difficult temperament. Furthermore, maternal parenting stress mediated the relationship between co-parenting and preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity. Especially, maternal stress of parental suffering tended to play a perfectly mediating role between conflicting and integrated co-parenting and preschoolers' anxiety, between conflicting co-parenting and preschoolers' hyperactivity. Maternal stress of difficult temperament tended to play a perfectly mediating role between integrated co-parenting and preschoolers' anxiety and between conflicting co-parenting and preschoolers' hyperactivity. These results clearly indicate that maternal parenting stress plays a crucial role in the levels of preschoolers' anxiety and hyperactivity.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.411-419
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 장애아동부모의 양육스트레스와 우울의 관계에서 사회적 지지의 매개효과를 알아보고, 장애아동부모의 스트레스와 우울을 완화하기 위한 방법과 방향을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 광주광역시 재활기관, 재활클리닉 및 복지관을 이용하는 장애아동부모 150명을 대상으로 양육스트레스, 우울, 사회적 지지 척도를 사용하여 설문을 실시하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS 24.0 프로그램을 사용하여 기술통계, 상관분석, 단순회귀분석, 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구의 주요 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 양육스트레스와 우울은 정적 상관관계, 양육스트레스와 사회적 지지, 사회적 지지와 우울은 부적 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 양육스트레스는 우울을 예측하는 변인으로 나타났다. 셋째, 사회적 지지는 양육스트레스와 우울의 관계를 부분적으로 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구결과를 종합하면, 장애아동부모가 양육스트레스로 인하여 우울을 경험할 때 충분한 사회적 지지가 제공된다면 그들의 우울 수준은 낮아지는 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로 장애아동부모의 양육스트레스와 우울을 감소시킬 수 있는 지역사회 스트레스 대처 프로그램을 개발하고 제공할 필요성을 시사한다.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2020

본 연구는 뇌전증 소아청소년 환아의 부모 스트레스에 대한 임상 및 심리적 요인의 영향을 조사하고자 하였다. 방 법 뇌전증이 있는 소아청소년(n=90, age range 6~17 years)을 대상으로 뇌전증 관련 임상 변수를 조사하였고, 환아에게 우울 및 불안 증상 설문지를 작성하도록 하였으며 지능검사를 시행하였다. 환아의 부모를 대상으로 부모의 스트레스, 부모 불안 및 환아의 주의력 문제, 행동 문제에 대한 설문을 작성하도록 하였다. 뇌전증 환아 부모의 스트레스와 변수들간의 연관성을 확인하기 위해 경향성 분석, 일원분산분석, 피어슨 상관분석으로 단변량 분석을 시행하였고, 부모의 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 독립 변수를 찾기 위해 단계적 회귀분석을 수행하였다. 결 과 상관 분석에서 발작의 치료 기간(r=0.253, p=0.016), 환아의 지능(r=-0.544, p<0.001), 주의력 문제(r=0.602, p<0.001), 우울 증상(r=0.335, p=0.002), 불안 증상(r=0.306, p=0.004), 행동 문제(r=0.618, p<0.001) 및 부모의 불안(r=0.478, p<0.001)은 부모의 스트레스와 유의한 상관 관계를 나타냈다. 부모의 스트레스에 영향을 미치는 독립변수는 환아의 행동 문제(β=0.241, p=0.010) 및 지능(β=-0.472, p<0.001) 그리고 부모의 불안(β=0.426, p<0.001)으로 나타났으며 부모의 스트레스에 대해 61.9%의 설명력을 보여주었다. 결 론 뇌전증을 가진 소아청소년 환아에서 부모의 스트레스는 환아의 행동문제와 인지기능 그리고 부모의 불안과 연관성이 높으며 따라서 임상의는 이에 주의를 기울이고 관리하는 것이 필요하겠다. 뇌전증 환아 부모의 스트레스를 경감시키기 위해서 뇌전증 환아의 지능과 행동문제를 조기에 평가하고 부모의 불안감에 대해서도 면밀하게 관찰하여 향후 뇌전증 치료에 반영하는 연구가 필요할 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Objectives: We aimed to compare the differences in parenting stress, parenting attitudes, and parents' mental health between different adult attachment styles. Methods: Forty-four parents who completed a parental education program were enrolled in our study. They completed the Korean version of the Experience of Close Relationship Revised, Korean-Parenting Stress Index-Short Form, Maternal Behavior Research Instrument, and Symptom Checklist-90-Revised. Results: The avoidant attachment score positively correlated with parenting stress. The anxious attachment score showed a positive relationship with parenting stress, hostile parenting attitude, and psychopathology, but a negative association with an affectionate parenting attitude. The secure attachment group exhibited a more autonomous, affectionate parenting style and a less hostile parenting attitude and less parenting stress than the insecure attachment group. Dismissing-avoidant attachment parents reported significantly higher parenting stress scores than secure attachment parents. Preoccupied and fearful-avoidant attachment parents displayed a more hostile parenting style than secure attachment parents. Dismissing-avoidant and preoccupied parents reported a less affectionate parenting attitude than secure attachment parents. Conclusion: There were differences in parenting stress, parenting attitudes, and parents' mental health depending on the adult attachment style. More specific education and interventions based on parental attachment type are necessary for parents.