• Human Ecology Research
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• v.62 no.1
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• pp.151-164
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• 2024

This study examined the effects of perceived discrimination on multicultural adolescents regarding feelings of conflict over their ethnic identity by investigating the moderating role of father-child open communication and mother-child open communication mediated by bicultural competence. A total of 234 middle school students (grades 7-8; 139 girls and 95 boys) from multicultural families, from which the father is Korean and the mother is not, participated in the study. Data was collected through an online self-report questionnaire and was analyzed via SPSS 26.0 and Process (Version 4.1) MACRO. The results can be summarized as follows. First, bicultural competence mediated the effects of perceived discrimination on feelings of conflict over one's ethnic identity. Enhanced bicultural competence resulting from a lower perception of discrimination contributed to a reduction in feelings of conflict over one's ethnic identity. Second, the moderated mediation effect of fatherchild open communication was significant, while the effect of mother-child open communication was not. Thus, the mediation relationship (lower perceived discrimination increased bicultural competence and, thus, reduced conflict over one's ethnic identity) grew stronger as the level of father-child open communication increased. The significance of this study lies in uncovering the causal relationships between individual and environmental factors that contribute to ethnic identity development among multicultural adolescents, particularly highlighting the important role of Korean fathers within multicultural households.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.465-475
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to explore predictors of positive changes in children with divorced parents and to demonstrate the structural path among the perceived experience of social discrimination, parenting difficulties, parent-child communication, and internet use of children that related to positive changes based on family incomes. The subjects for this study were 1,114 single parents from divorced families sourced from a study on the status of single-parent families in 2015. The results of this study by using the structural equation model of the moderating effect verification with family incomes and multi group analysis are as follows. First, single-parent's perceived experience of social discrimination turned had a significant positive effect on parenting difficulties( =.354) and children's internet use ( =.234). Single-parent's perceived parenting difficulties also had a significant positive effect on children's internet use ( =.440) but a significant negative effect on both parent-child communication( =.192) and positive changes of children( =.218). Interestingly, internet use of children demonstrated a significant negative effect on their positive changes. Second, parent-child communication, parenting difficulties, and children's internet use had a negative mediating effect with the relationship where single-parent's perceived experience of social discrimination had an effect on positive changes of children( =.167). Second, between the family groups based on family incomes, there was no statistically significant difference in the structural relationship. Based on these results, this study presented a practical proposal to help single parents not experience social discrimination and to help decrease the internet use of children to improve positive changes.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.99-112
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• 1999

The purpose of this study were to investigate the effect of Family System Functioning, Parent & Child Factor and Parent-child Relation on Adolescent's Psychological Well-being (Family Life Satisfaction, Self-Esteem and Depression), and the causal relations of Adolescedent's Depression and Related Variables. The subjects were 532 triads of adolescents and their parents living in Seoul area, Korea. The survey methods were questionaires included FACES n, PAC Inventory, family life satisfactin scale, KMSS, Self-Esteem Inventory and CES-D, etc. Data were analyzed by frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, paired t - test, Pearson's correlation , multiple regression, and path analysis The major findings were as follows: Family system functionings had a indirect effect through adolescents'family life satisfaction, self-esteem on adolescents'depression. The degree of openness of parent-adolescent communication and father's marital satisfaction had a indirect effect through adolescents'family life satisfaction on adolescents'depression. Adolescents'satisfaction with physical self, peer-relations and school life had a indirect effect through adolescents'self-esteem on their depression. Also adolescents'satisfaction with peer-relations and their fathers'depression had a direct effect on their depression.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.77-88
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• 2012

This study has developed on Virtues Project program, which enhances parent communication abilities. The purpose of this study is to verify the improvement on parent communication skills after taking a program. To obtain effective children educational direction, we have offered assistance to the parents that understanding the importance of the parental instruction, improvement of the relationship between parents and children. To enhance the parent communication ability, this program is consisted of five virtue strategies, structured activity programs and various self-examination for attending parents to the program rather than listening the lecture. This program is consists of six session with two hours each session for six weeks. I have studied 26 subjects and they were divided into experiment group and control group. According to this study, this program works on improving parent communication skills. Namely, experiment group showed significant enhancement of communication abilities compared to that of control group.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.88-98
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• 2023

Purpose: Children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently undergo clinical assessments, involving triadic communication between clinician, parent, and child. During such encounters parents are traditionally the main communicator of information on their child's IBD, including subjective symptom reports. The level of agreement between children and their parents for IBD symptoms is poorly understood, and this study aimed to examine this factor. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among children with IBD, and one parent. A validated paediatric IBD symptom report tool (IBDnow) enabled children and their parent to rate seven pain, well-being, and stool metrics, with dyads completing the tool concurrently. Results were assessed using: Individual agreement: proportion of identical symptom reports by each dyad (ideal score >0.7); Category agreement: percentage of identical reports for IBDnow metrics for the cohort; Inter-rater reliability: Gwet's AC1 coefficient with higher scores indicating better reliability (maximum=1). Results: Seventy-four parent/child dyads participated; child's mean age 12.2 years (standard deviation [SD] 2.9, range 6-16), mean time since diagnosis 2.8 years (SD 3), 54% female, 73% had Crohn's Disease. Mean individual agreement level was 0.6, with 27% of dyads agreeing on ≥6/7 IBDnow metrics. Category agreement was reported by 61% of dyads, 20% of parents overestimated, and 19% underestimated, their child's symptoms. Inter-rater reliability ranged from fair to good. Conclusion: These results should improve clinician awareness of how IBD symptom reports from parents may introduce bias. Children should be considered the most important source of symptom reports, and tools such as IBDnow utilised to enhance communication.

• Korean Parent-Child Health Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2010

Purpose: This study was a descriptive research to provide fundamental data in ensuring a high quality of nursing service needed by children's parent according to perception of uncertainty and care satisfaction of them between pediatric outpatient department and emergency room. Methods: For this study, 192 children's parents were questioned in a general hospital located in Busan from August 1 to 31. 2009. The collected data were scored by use of frequencies, $x^2$ test, t-test, AONVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient via SPSS/WIN 17.0. Results: With the compare of characteristics related to children's parents visiting emergency room and pediatric outpatient department, there were statistically significant difference in relation and age of parent, main caregiver, cause of arrival, and waiting time from arrival to procedure. The perception of uncertainty for parent in the emergency room showed significant difference to outpatient department. In nursing service, the highest score was category of professional skill and technic. In addition, overall parents' perceptions on providing information showed lower than any other nursing service. Last but not least, a significant correlation indicated between the perception of uncertainty and satisfaction of nursing service. Conclusion: Efforts to improve parent satisfaction for nursing service are needed to decrease their perception of uncertainty. Providing information and communication by nurses are necessary to improve quality of nursing service.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.3-19
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate adolescents' coping strategies to various stressors, and to examine factors that related to their coping strategies. The subjects of the study were 355 middle school and 398 high school students. Adolescents' coping strategy was examined with a revision of the Family Crisis Oriented Personal Scale (McCubbin, Olson, & Larson, 1982). Quality of life was measured by an 11-item scale selected from Quality of Life (Olson & Barnes, 1982) in the areas of family, friend, relationship with relatives, and health and community. Parent-adolescent communication was divided into two dimensions of open communication and problem communication, using Parent-Adolescent Communication(Barnes & Olson, 1982). A measure of the self-esteem of adolescents was obtained by using selected items from the Self-Esteem Inventory(Coopersmith, 1967) and Self-Esteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965). Five types of coping strategies were found. These are "help from relatives/neighbors", "help from families", "self-help", "help from friends", and "help from religion". Hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine significant predictor variables for adolescents' coping strategies. Sex, age, quality of parent-adolescent communication, family cohesion and adaptability, religion, and self-esteem were found important in predicting the types of coping strategies by adolescents.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.77-87
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of discrimination experiences of adolescents currently using regional children's centers on school life adaptation and the moderating effect of parent-child communication in the process. Data from the first sixth year (2016) of the Children's Panel Survey, which was collected by the Central Children's Center, were used. At the time of the survey, the sample was selected from a total of 392 adolescents who were enrolled in the third year of middle school and currently living with their parents. This study analyzed the correlation analysis of variables related to school life adaptation of adolescents using local children's centers, frequency analysis, descriptive statistics analysis, correlation analysis, and control effects to explain the moderating effect. As a result of the analysis, it was found that parent-child communication, a modulating variable, has a buffering effect in the relationship between discrimination experiences and student life adaptation. To this end, it sought to develop practical programs such as communication methods and parent-child camps. The results obtained through this study can be used as basic data to broaden the theoretical discussions on adaptation to school life of local children's centers and to prepare appropriate policy visits to expand the effects of social intervention.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.555-564
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• 2020

Background and objective: This study was conducted to investigate the effect of an agro-healing program on the relationship satisfaction and emotional change between parents and children. Methods: We sent an official letter to D Office of Education with information and recruitment for the agro-healing program. Then D Office of Education has sent the official letter to elementary schools under the jurisdiction to recruit parents who were willing to participate in the programs with their children. The subjects were recruited by order of application, and 27 families participated, but 20 parent-child teams who attended all sessions and fully participated in the program were ultimately selected. From October 12 to November 16, 2019, a total of 6 sessions of the programs were held once a week at a care farm in Gyeongsangbuk-do. In the morning, they participated in a program that utilizes the resources of plants and animals in the care farm, and later participated in an indoor horticultural program in the afternoon. Results: In the parent-child relationship satisfaction test, it was found that communication was significantly increased after participating in the agro-healing program (p = .047). There were no statistically significant changes in the sentence completion tests written by the children, but their potential perception or attitude towards their parents changed more positively than before according to the content of the sentences. Conclusion: The agro-healing program could strengthen the relationship between parent and child by improving the parent-child relationship satisfaction and children's emotional attitude towards their parent.

• Korean Journal of Childcare and Education
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.53-67
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• 2018

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of parent- teacher communication on childcare teacher's job stress and turnover intention. This study also examined if the level of active stress coping used functions as a moderator in relationships among parent-teacher communication, childcare teacher's job stress, and their turnover intention. Methods: To achieve this, this study used data from 223 surveys from childcare teachers and analyzed the data with SEM and multi-group SEM analysis methods. Results: First, parent-childcare teacher communication influenced the teacher's turover intention through job stress. Second, the effect of parent-childcare teacher communication on job stress was not found in the higher-level of the active stress coping group. This was different from the significant effect in the lower-level of the active stress coping group. Also, parent-childcare teacher communication influenced teacher's turnover intention through job stress in the lower-level of the active stress coping group. In contrast, the mediation effect was not shown in the higher group. Conclusion/Implications: The results of this study show the effect of parent-childcare teacher communication on teacher's job stress and their turnover intention. Also, this study shows that the level of active stress coping could moderate the relationship among parent-childcare teacher communication, teacher's job stress, and their turnover intention.