• Title/Summary/Keyword: Parathyroid gland

Search Result 28, Processing Time 0.03 seconds

Symptomatic Hypocalcemia After Subtotal Thyroidectomy for Graves' Disease (그레이브스병의 갑상선 아전절제술후 저칼슘혈증)

  • Kim Seung-Il;Park Cheong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
    • /
    • v.11 no.2
    • /
    • pp.185-190
    • /
    • 1995
  • Transient and permanent hypocalcemia after various types of thyroidectomy are well-known complications, and are more common after bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy for Graves' disease. However, their causative mechanisms are not well explained. Four hundred thirty patients with Graves' disease who underwent bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy from January 1983 through December 1992 were analyzed to determine the incidence and risk factors for the development of postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Of the 430 patients underwent bilateral subtotal thyroidectomy, symptomatic transient and permanent hypocalcemia developed in 24.2 % (104/430) and 0.5 % (2/430), respectively. With analysis of potential risk factors, the increase in incidence of the postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia was found to be statistically related to the larger thyroid gland, the larger amount of blood loss during thyroidectomy, the smaller remnant thyroid tissue, the higher levels of serum alkaline phosphatase and TBII titers. Our data suggest that impairment of parathyroid gland blood supply, degree of thyrotoxic osteodystrophy and autoimmune process of each patient are regarded as main mechanisms of postthyroidectomy hypocalcemia in patients with Graves' disease.

  • PDF

[ $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ ] Subtraction Scan in the Diagnosis of Hyperparathyroidism ($^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ Pertechnetate 감영스캔을 이용한 부갑상선 항진증의 진단)

  • Ahn, Bo-Young;Sohn, Hyung-Sun;Kim, Euy-Neyung;Kim, Sung-Hoon;Chung, Soo-Kyo;Kim, Choon-Yul;Bahk, Yong-Whee;Shinn, Kyung-Sub
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.29 no.4
    • /
    • pp.460-464
    • /
    • 1995
  • [ $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ ] pertechnetate subtraction scintigraphy of the parathyroid gland was performed in a study of 8 patients with clinical and biochemical evidence of hyperparathyroidism for diagnosis and Localization of the lesion prior to sugery. 6 cases of parathyroid adenomas were accurately localized and 2 cases of diffuse hyperplasia associated with chronic renal failure(CRF) and multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) type I. $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ pertechnetate scan was useful for patients with hyperparathyroidism, especially in definite localization preoperatively.

  • PDF

A Case of Parathyroid Adenoma Presenting as Acute Pancreatitis Accompanied with Empty Sella (공터키안(Empty sella)을 동반한 급성췌장염으로 발현된 부갑상선 선종 1예)

  • Jun, Eon-Ju;O, Ji-He;Bae, Kyung-Ryun;Jang, Saet-Byul;Jun, Seung-Woon;Jung, Eui-Dal;Shon, Ho-Sang;Won, Kyu-Chang
    • Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
    • /
    • v.26 no.1
    • /
    • pp.63-69
    • /
    • 2009
  • The incidence of coexisting hyperparathyroidism and empty sella syndrome is rare and the etiology end incidence of their coexistence is not known. The association of hyperparathyroidism and the empty sella syndrome may be related to multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) syndrome due to a genetic disorder. We experienced a rare case of hyperparathyroidism presenting as acute pancreatitis combined with empty sella. We report here a 37-year old female who manifested epigastric pain because of acute pancreatitis. She had hypercalcemia due to parathyroid adenoma. A pituitary gland was not visible in the sella turcica on MRI scans. On genetic analysis, she did not show a mutation of the MENIN gene. Empty sella is thought to be a coincidental finding with hyperparathyroidism.

  • PDF

Intrathyroidal branchial cleft-like cyst in neonate (신생아에서 발견된 갑상샘의 아가미틈새양 낭종)

  • Kang, Joonwon;Oh, Sangmin;Sul, Jiyoung;Lee, Choongsik;Chang, Meayoung
    • Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
    • /
    • v.49 no.9
    • /
    • pp.1005-1009
    • /
    • 2006
  • A rare case is described of an intrathyroidal branchial cleft-like cyst in neonate. The patient was a newborn girl with a mass in the left lateral neck. The ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a cystic lesion in the left thyroid. The lesion was enucleated surgically from the thyroid. Histologically, the cyst was lined by squamous or columnar epithelium and contained inflammatory cell infiltraion, thyroid and parathyroid tissue. The patient has been doing well without any evidence of thyroid dysfunction for 15 months.

An Intrathyroidal Branchial Cleft Cyst and a Perithyroidal Branchial Cleft Cyst (갑상선 내부 및 갑상선 주위에 발생한 새열낭종)

  • Lee Seung-Ah;Chung Woung-Yoon;Yoon Jong-Ho;Chang Hang-Seok;Hong Soon-Won;Park Cheong-Soo
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
    • /
    • v.19 no.1
    • /
    • pp.63-66
    • /
    • 2003
  • Branchial cleft cysts typically are characterized as lateral swellings anterior to sternocleidomastoid muscle in upper third of the neck. However, cysts have been reported in unusual location such as the thymus, oral cavity, parotid gland, pancreas, and thyroid. Perithyroidal branchial cleft cysts are also rare and preoperative diagnosis is very difficult. Recently we have experienced a case of intrathyroidal branchial cleft cys and a case of perithyroidal branchial cleft cyst, which were diagnosed preoperatively as the parathyroid cyst. So, we report these two cases with review of the literatures.

A Clinicopathologic Analysis of Neck Masses (경부 종괴의 임상 및 병리학적 고찰)

  • Km Jeong-Ho;Oh Sang-Hoon;Kim Sang-Hyo
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
    • /
    • v.13 no.1
    • /
    • pp.51-57
    • /
    • 1997
  • A mass appearing in the anterior or lateral side of neck often can be a diagnostic challenge. Differential diagnosis of the neck mass covers a broad spectrum of diseases and the proper evaluation and management of a neck mass requires an impressive amount of anatomic and pathologic information. Because improper diagnosis and management may convert a potentially curable malignant metastasis into incurable disease, a differential diagnosis must be considered in all patients who present with a neck mass. Authors reviewed 2,148 cases of neck mass who were diagnosed by surgical resection, biopsy or aspiration during the period between October 1982 to December 1993, excluding those with thyroid and parathyroid disease. The evaluated characteristics were age, sex, site of lesion, and pathologic diagnosis. The results were as follows: Of 2,148 cases of neck mass, the overall ratio of benign to malignant tumor was 3 : 1. In 1,603 cases of benign mass lesion, the most common disease was lymphadenitis(non-specific and tuberculosis) showing 53% incidence, the second was salivary gland tumor(13%), and the third was congenital lesion(12%). The minor problems such as lipoma and sebaceous cyst were 21 %. In the age distribution of benign lesion, tuberculous lymphadenitis showed peak incidence in second decade, non-specific lymphadenitis was main disease of childhood, salivary gland tumor was peak in fourth decade, and most of congenital lesions were diagnosed at the age below 15. In 545 malignant tumors, the most common lesion was metastatic cancer to cervical lymph nodes yielding 71 % incidence(head and neck primary 52%, infraclavicular primary 42%, unknown primary 5%), the second common disease was lymphoma(19%), and the third was salivary gland cancer(9%). In the age incidence of malignant tumor, 60% of them developed in the fifth and sixth decade, head and neck primary was more common in the fifth decade than sixth, however lymphoma showed higher incidence in sixth decade. In the analysis of mass location according to lymph node level grouping(I - V), lymphadenitis developed mostly in level V nodes, the next common occurring site was level IV in tuberculous lymphadenitis and level II in non-specific lymphadenitis. The majority of metastatic cancers were found in level IV and III, and common occurring site of lymphoma was in level II and IV. Pathologic diagnosis of neck masses were made by fine needle aspiration cytology 80 cases, incisional biopsy 533 cases, excisional surgery 1,399 cases, and neck dissection 116 cases. For the proper management of neck mass, a proper diagnostic modality should be selected from imaging techniques, cytology, biopsy or neck dissection, with the consideration of patient's age, history and clinical findings. The scapel biopsy could be used freely in the inflammatory disease or inoperable metastatic cancer, but it should be reserved in the curable metastatic cancer or clinically possible malignancy.

  • PDF

The Usefulness of $^{99m}Tc$-Sestamibi Scan in Preoperative Localization in Primary Hyperparathyroidism (원발성 부갑상선 기능 항진증의 수술전 병소확인에서 $^{99m}Tc$-Sestamibi 스캔의 유용성)

  • Baik, S.H.;Kim, S.M.;Choi, K.M.;Choi, Y.S.;Kim, S.J.;Yu, J.M.;Choi, D.S.;Choe, J.C.
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.29 no.4
    • /
    • pp.465-472
    • /
    • 1995
  • An accurate preoperative localization in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism is important for successful surgical intervention. There are many methods for the localization of the primary hyperparathyroidism such as ultrasonography, computerized tomography(CT), magnetic resonance imaging(MRI), angiography and $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ subtraction scan. Among them $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ subtraction scan is known as the most accurate tool for preoperative localization. Recently $^{99m}Tc$-Sestamibi has been used for parathyroid gland imaging. We experienced 19 primary hyperparathyroidisms accurately localized with $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ subtraction imaging and $^{99m}Tc$-Sestamibi. The sensitivities of the $^{99m}Tc$-Sestanibi, $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ subtraction imaging, CT and US were 100%(5/5), 89.5%(17/19) and 61.7(12/19) respectively. With the combination of $^{99m}Tc$-Sestamibi and $^{201}T1/^{99m}Tc$ subtraction imaging we could localize with 100% accuracy. Although the case number is small, this study suggests that the $^{99m}Tc$-Sestamibi parathyroid scan is very useful and easy to use for preoperative localization in primary hyperparathyroidism.

  • PDF

Histopathological Studies of Mice after Administration of Radioactive Iodine($^{131}I$) (방사성동위원소옥소(放射性同位元素沃素)($^{131}I$)가 "마우스"의 주요장기(主要臟器)의 병리조직상(病理組織像)에 미치는 영향(影響)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究))

  • Ro, Chae-Song;Lee, Mun-Ho
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.1 no.2
    • /
    • pp.85-97
    • /
    • 1967
  • Histopathological changes of various organs of the mice after intra-peritoneal injections of radioactive iodine ($^{131}I$) were experimentally observed. Sixity healthy female mice, weighing average 25 gm, devided into 6 groups, were used. The various doses of $^{131}I$ were injected intraperitoneally at different intervals. The histopathological changes after these treatments were observed in organs such as thyroids, parathyroids, livers, kidneys and gonads. Following were the results; 1) Thyroid: In the group A given $^{131}I$ with a single dose of $10{\mu}C$ per gm body weight, it was observed that the protoplasms of follicular epithelial cells were destroyed, the nuclei were expanded or dissoluted, showing pyknotic changes of nuclei and vacuolizations of protoplasms. In the group B given $^{131}I$ with a single dose of $5{\mu}C$ per gm body weight, hyperemias, hemorrhages and hyaline degenerations in the whole area were observed. In the group C given $^{131}I$ with 3 doses of $2.5{\mu}C$ per gm body weight every week, the thyroid parenchyms were destroyed and epithelial cells of varing size were observed in the fibrinous tissues. In the group D given $^{131}I$ with 6 doses of $0.5{\mu}C$ per gm body weight every week, some destroyed follicles and new borne follicles were observed. But the histopathological changes resemble the follicles of the normal thyroid gland. In the group E and F given $^{131}I$ with 8 and 10 doses of $0.2{\mu}C\;and\;0.01{\mu}C$ for each group per gm body weight every two days, both pyknotic changes of nuclei and cytoplasmic vacuolizations of the follicular epithelia, hypertrophies of follicles and abnormal irregular follicular structures were observed, and in the group F, lymphocytes appeared around the thyroid glands. 2) Parathyroid: In the group A, hyperemia, proliferations of connective tissues, karyorrhexes and vacuolizations were observed. In other experimental groups, no particular pathological change was observed. 3) Liver: The degnerative changes and acute or chronic inflammatory changes were observed in proportion to the amount of $^{131}I$ injected. Atrophies of the liver cells, dilatations of sinusoids, hyaline degenerations and necrotic pictures were observed. 4) Kidney: In the group A, congestions and infiltrations of mononuclear cells and granulocytes were observed around the cortical arteries, and in the group B, the degenerative changes of cortexes, and, in the group C and D, hydronephrotic changes were observed respectively, and hyaline degenerations were partially observed. 5) Gonad: In the group A, the follicles were degenerated. The ova in the follicles showed irregular figures. The changes in the group B were almost the same as in the group A, but the changes were mild. In the group C, the destructions of whole ova, the hypertrophies of ovarian follicular membranes and pyknotic changes of nuclei were observed. In the group D, the pathological changes were similar to that of group C, but mild in the grade. In the group E, almost none of ovarian follicular fluid was observed, and in the group F, the tissue pictures were almost similar to that of the normal group.

  • PDF