• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2021

Purpose: To determine effects of family conflict mitigation documentary programs on conflicts, autonomic nerve activation (ANA), and happiness of elderly in long-term care hospitals. Methods: This study used a non-equivalent control group with a pretest-posttest design. It was conducted on 39 elderly patients (19 in the experimental group and 20 in the control group) in long-term care hospitals. The experimental group (n=19) received family conflict mitigation documentary programs. The family conflict mitigation documentary programs consisted of four sessions (40-50 minutes per session). These programs were implemented in small groups, with each group having five elderly. Data were analyzed by sing the conflict checklist, the Oxford Happiness Questionnaire, Chi-square test with Fisher's exact test, independent t-test, paired t-test, and repeated measure ANOVA using the SPSS/WIN 21.0 program. Results: The participants in the experimental group showed significantly decreased scores of conflict (t=-2.31, p=.028) and the value of sympathetic nervous system activity (t=8.36, p=.007) compared with those of the control group. The participants in the experimental group showed significantly increased the value of parasympathetic nervous system activity (t=-2.91, p=.008) and scores of happiness (t=5.46, p<.001). Conclusion: The family conflict mitigation documentary programs on conflicts, ANA, and happiness of the elderly in long-term care hospitals are effective intervention programs for mitigating conflicts between elderlies and their families and for improving happiness of the elderly in long-term care hospitals.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.211-224
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present a way to alleviate motion sickness(MS) by stimulating acupoint through PEMFs, and to assess the effectiveness of PEMFs against stimulation previously used to stimulate acupoint using biosignal evaluations and surveys. Materials and Methods: Thirteen healthy men participated in the experiment. MS was induced in the participants, and MS relief stimulation was applied for 30 minutes. There were 4 types of MS relief stimulation, and Sham, Reliefband, Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS), and Pulsed electromagnetic fields stimulation(PEMFs) were used. The biosignals were measured during 30 minutes of applying MS relief stimulation, and the symptoms of MS were evaluated through a questionnaire survey. The measured biosignals are Electrocardiogram(ECG), Electrodermal activity(EDA), Respiration, Skin temperature(SKT), and Electrogastrogram(EGG). A one-way ANOVA test was performed for the rate of change by stimulation for MS relief over time. Results: Participants who were stimulated had a sharp decrease in MS symptoms. Biosignals were analyzed to evaluate autonomic nervous system activity, and the parasympathetic nervous system could be activated through stimulation. Conclusion: TENS and PEMFs were more effective in relieving MS symptoms than Reliefband. It is believed that PEMFs will be effective in consideration of the comfort of participants to be applied to actual vehicles, and studies to further verify the effects of PEMFs on MS should be conducted.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.443-455
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was designed to research whether HRV can yield a suitable diagnosis for activity of autonomic nerve system on functional dyspepsia. Methods : The testing of HRV was carried out at the Oriental Medical Center of Dong-Eui University with the participation of 28 functional dyspepsia patients, 25 dyspepsia caused by organic disease patients and 33 control group people. We checked HRV of the three groups for 5 minutes and compared HRV index(frequency domain analysis: HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF Ratio, TP) between groups. Results were as follows : 1. In the frequency domain analysis, HF, LF, VLF, and TP were significantly lower than the control group in the functional dyspepsia patients and dyspepsia caused by organic disease groups. HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, and TP were not significantly different between functional dyspepsia group and dyspepsia caused by organic disease group. 2. Age in dyspepsia patient group was significantly higher than in the control group. 3. In the frequency domain analysis, LF, VLF, and TP were significantly lower in the functional dyspepsia group than the control group in age 20-30 years. HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, and TP were not significantly different between the control group and dyspepsia caused by organic disease group in ages 20-30 years. HF, LF, VLF, LF/HF ratio, and TP were not significantly different between functional dyspepsia group and dyspepsia caused by organic disease group in age 20-30 years. Conclusion : According to this study, autonomic nerve system and parasympathetic nerve system decreased more in the functional dyspepsia patient group compared with the control group.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.1929-1932
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• 2005

We investigated the activities of autonomic nervous system during foot bathing. The effect of foot bathing was evaluated for four subjects by observing the characteristic of heart rate variability and bodily temperatures. The foot bathing was done with a commercial foot spa (Duches Co.) utilizing the four functional modes of the spa for two different temperatures of $35^{\circ}C\;and\;40^{\circ}C$. The four functional modes were clam, vibration, air bubbles, and both vibration and air bubbles. The experimental results showed that the temperature of foot and that of face right after foot bathing were not that different from each other. But, for heart rate variability, the activation of parasympathetic nerve showed distinctive increase at $40^{\circ}C$ of water temperature. In the analysis of heart rate variability for different functional modes, the change was not distinctive for different modes at $35^{\circ}$ of water temperature. However, at $40^{\circ}C$, the activation of sympathetic nerve showed distinctive increases with the increase in the complexity of functional modes.

• Journal of Magnetics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.192-196
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• 2013

We have investigated the changes of electroencephalography (EEG) and electrocardiography (ECG) under pulsed magnetic field (PMF) and acupuncture stimulus on acupoint PC9. In order to compare quantitatively the effect of PMF and acupuncture stimulus, the difference of alpha activities are calculated from EEG spectra, and the spectrum curves of ECG were analyzed in the frequency domain of heart rate variability (HRV). The increase of alpha activities after both stimuli could be explained that the impulse of stimulus on PC9 might pass through sensory nerve following meridian and approach the cerebral cortex, causing the central nervous system (CNS) to be activated for pacifying emotion and calming the mind. The decrease in sympathovagal activity of HRV after both stimuli indicates that parasympathetic nerves were activated and the sympathetic nerves were in constrained condition. These findings suggest that PMF could be patient-friendly alternative non-invasive medical treatment for influencing human physiology, in comparison with acupuncture inserting the needle and inducing nervous and anxious state to subject.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2002

The tropane alkaloids hyoscyamine (its racemic form being atropine) and scopolamine are used medicinally as anticholinergic agents that act on the parasympathetic nerve system. Because they differ in their actions on the central nervous system, currently there is a 10-fold higher commercial demand for scopolamine, in the N-butylbromide form, than there is for hyoscyamine and atropine combined. Several solanaceous species have been used as the commercial sources of these alkaloids, but the scopolamine contents in these plants often are much lower than those of hyoscyamine. For this reason there has been long-standing interest in increasing the scopolamine contents of cultivated medicinal plants. Naturally occurring and artificial interspecific hybrids of Duboisia have high scopolamine contents and are cultivated as a commercial source of scopolamine in Australia and other countries. Anther culture combined with conventional interspecific hybridization also has been used to breed high scopolamine-containing plants in the genera Datura and Hyoscyamus, but without much success. The use of recombinant DNA technology for the manipulation of metabolic processes in cells promises to provide important contributions to basic science, agriculture, and medicine. In this review, I introduce on the enzymes and genes involved in tropane alkaloid biosynthesis and current progress in metabolic engineering approaches for tropane alkaloid, especially scopolamine, production.

• 융합정보논문지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.56-67
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• 2019

본 연구는 농도별 로즈마리 오일 흡입에 따른 기억력, 집중력, 및 자율신경계 반응을 확인하기 위한 비동등성 대조군 전후 실험설계로 65세 이상 노인에게 아몬드 캐리어 오일 흡입군(대조군), 10% 로즈마리 오일 흡입군(실험군 A)과 100% 로즈마리 오일 흡입군(실험군 B)으로 각 오일을 시향지에 묻혀 5분간 흡입하도록 하였고 기억력, 집중력 및 자율신경계 반응을 측정하였다. 수집된 총 89명의 자료는 SPSS win 24.0를 이용하여 반복측정 ANOVA로 분석하였다. 결과는 기억력 평가인 즉각 회상(F=.42, p=.656), 지연 회상(F=.45, p=.639) 재인 검사(F=1.45, p=.242)와 집중력 평가인 숫자 바로 외우기(F=1.53, p=.223)와 숫자 거꾸로 외우기(F=.46, p=.636)에서 세 군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 또한 자율신경계 반응 결과, 교감신경 활성도(LF)(F=.19, p=.828), 부교감신경 활성도(HF)(F=.37, p=.694), 자율신경계 활성도비(LH/HF)(F=1.39, p=.256), 수축기 혈압(F =.37, p=.694) 및 이완기 혈압(F=1.25, p=.291)에서 세 군 간의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 따라서 아몬드 캐리어 오일, 10%와 100% 로즈마리 에센셜 오일 5분간 흡입은 65세 이상 노인의 기억력, 집중력, 자율신경계 반응에 통계적으로 유의한 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

Objectives : Essential hyperhidrosis is a socially and occupationally disabling disorder. There are many suggestions that hyperhidrosis is associated with the autonomic nervous system. This study was designed to investigate the autonomic nerve system the patients with hyperhidrosis. Methods : 348 palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis patients and 20 systemic hyperhidrosis patients in the ambulatory care were investigated. All patients were inspected at the first medical examination, using the PSA of HRV. HRV was measured for 5 minutes after 5 minutes' bed rest. We checked the frequency domain analysis of HRV (i.e. TP, VLF, LF, HF and LF/HF) which were transformed into natural logarithm of patients against the standard measures of the HRV components. Then, we compared the means of patients with means and highest values of in the normal range of Koreans 1) between the patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis and the healthy controls and 2) between the patients with the systemic hyperhidrosis and healthy controls, by the frequency domain analysis of heart rate variability (HRV), respectively. We then compared the results between 1) and 2). Results : The values of natural logarithmic measures of LF/HF ratio in the patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis we examined were significantly higher than the values of healthy controls, but those in the patients with systemic hyperhidrosis were not higher. Conclusion : This study suggests that the autonomic nervous function did not simply increase but that the balance between sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous function did matter in patients with palmar and plantar hyperhidrosis. This balance included that the sympathetic nervous function aggravated comparatively with parasympathetic nervous function. On the other hand, we couldn't find any significance of the patients with the systemic hyperhidrosis as for the autonomic nervous function.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제13권1호통권19호
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• pp.129-138
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• 2007

Background : Recently a discussion about Qi including a study about the effect or the theory of acupuncture is getting prevailing in various angles. In most of studies about acupuncture stimulus, 'Filiform acupuncture'(毫鍼) is used. A study about Nine kinds of acupuncture(九鍼), except 'Filiform acupuncture'(毫鍼) has not been reported yet, and there is no study about using a special acupuncture made for controling Qi either. Objectives : 'DONG CHU CHIM' can be used for patients who are scared of a pain because it is a medical Qikong tool and non-invasive stimulus one. To assess a effect of Qikong operation using 'DONG CHU CHIM' objectively, we stimulated non-invasive to Sobu point of 30 normal adults using 'DONG CHU CHIM' and examined the result in the basis of high confirmed and repetitive HRV which is a functional assessment method of the autonomic nervous system. Method : This study has been proceeded in three periods. Total was 35min : 10min for the former and latter period of acupuncture stimulus, l5min for the acupuncture stimulus period. For each period, we measured 5min of 3 times(Stage I, II, III). Result : Comparing the changes of HRV during pre-stimulation and post-stimulation, HRT was significantly reduced, LOGTP, LOGVLF, LOGLF, LF/HF were significantly increased and SDNN, LOGHF were generally increased but did not show any significant changes. So we think that the stimulus of 'DONG CHU CHIM' affects on the sympathetic system and parasympathetic system, it activates the autonomic nervous system, and it makes the inequality of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve to be equal status. Conclusions : We can conclude that the non-invasive stimulus of 'DONG CHU CHIM' can affect significantly to the autonomic nervous system. So it can be used in clinic as a tool of Qikong operation, and it can be also used to weak patients or children because it doesn't give a lot of pain like 'Filiform acupuncture'(毫鍼) compared to invasive stimulus. By the basis of this study, more studies about the effect of 'DONG CHE CHIM' should be done in the future.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.275-283
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• 2001

This study was performed to extract and analyze the biosignals to find the relationship between the level of anesthesia and the variations of physiological parameters during epidural anesthesia. Seven male and twenty female patients(ages from 45 to 70 years old) were participated for the experiment, and ECGs, PPGs, SKTs, SCRs were obtained during anesthesia. As results, the HF/LF ratios of HRV were decreased after the injection anesthetics. For skin temperatures, values measured from the palm was reduced and the temperatures from four channels, measured from armpit through the right side of the body, were increased. SCRs were decreased for all channels after the injection of anesthetics. However the heart rate and PPGs showed no significant changes. It was concluded that the injection of anesthetics result the changes in biosignals, and it could be explained by the degree of the sympathetic and/or parasympathetic nerve activities. Results of this study could provide the valuable information for the estimation of level for the spinal and general anesthesia, and could be extended to the development of a system which could quantify the level of anesthesia.