• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-60
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• 2006

Forty six individuals out of 200 Acronicta rumicis larva were parasitized (23 %) in 2000, 14 individuals out of 60 (23.33 %) in 2001, and 14 individuals out of 62 (22.58 %) in 2002. The mean parasitism rate was $22.97{\pm}0.38%$. The parasitism rate was 36.36 % in May and 52.78 % in October, 2000, 75 % and 50% in May and October 2001, 71.4% and 47.37% in May and October 2002 and it was much higher than other months. Parasitism was occurred from May to October 2000, but it was not in June and August 2001 and June 2002. There was no difference in the monthly mean parasitism rate, but the rate was the highest in May and October. The parasitoid of the larva of A. rumicis was the highest by 77.02% of parasitic wasps, and 13.51% of parasitic flies. It was found that multiparasitism was 4.05 % and hyperparasitism was 5.41 %. In case of parasitic wasps whose parasitism rate is the highest, the rate of Braconidae and Ichneumonidae was 70.18 % and 29.82 % respectively. That is, the former has much higher parasitism rate. The parasitism rate of the larva of A. rumicis was found that Microplitis sp. is $5.28{\pm}0.63%$, Glyptapanteles liparidis $8.62{\pm}3.70%$, and Diadegma sp. $4.02{\pm}1.28%$ respectively.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 2014

Anastatus orientalis Yang et Gibson(Hymenoptera : Eupelmidae) is the egg parasitoid of lantern-fly Lycorma delicatula. The natural parasitism showed that: (1)the highest parasitism rate of egg masses was 68.96% in Yantai Shandong; (2)the highest parasitism rate of eggs was 32.98% in Haidian Beijing; (3)the eggs of parasitoids hatched and emerged earliest in Yangling Shaanxi; emergence time of different populations in Yantai, Guangang Tianjin, Qinhuangdao Hebei and Haidian was similar; (4) the sex ratios were various among the populations ranging from 1.92 to 1.94; (5) parasitism rates of egg masses on Populus sp., Salix sp. and Toona sinensis were not significantly different, the highest parasitism rate of egg masses was 64.3% on T. sinensis, and the lowest rate was 27.4% on Ailanthus altissima; (6)parasitism rates of eggs on Populus sp., Salix sp., T. sinensis and A. altissima were not significantly different, about 30% averagely.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.497-501
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• 2014

The small brown planthopper, Laodelphax striatellus (Fall$\acute{e}$n) (SBPH) is one of the important rice pests in Korea, which transmits rice stripe virus (RSV) to rice. This pest is an indigenous species in Korea and has also known to migrate from China to the western coastal areas of Korea. This study was conducted to investigate the wing morphs of SBPH and its parasitism rate of Haplogonatopus atratus Esaki et Hashimoto in Korea. In 2014, SBPH were collected in April and July from 16 sites throughout South Korea and their wing morphs and parasitism rates were measured under the microscope. Percentage of brachypterous male in July was significantly declined compared to that in April, while that of brachypterous female did not change. A positive relationship was found between latitude and percentage of brachypterous adults in April. Parasitism rate of both nymphs and adults were higher in April than July. In addition, nymphal parasitism rate was generally higher in western coastal areas.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2009

The species composition of the parasitoid complex and the degree of parasitism by each species were analyzed for gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) populations in the increasing phase. Total of 7,826 mid-late instar larvae and pupae were collected and reared from two collection sites in Gangwon Province, Korea. Two tachinid flies (Blepharipa schineri and Parasetigena silvestris), and the ichneumonid wasp (Coccygomimus disparis) were the most abundant parasitoids, in the order of decreasing importance. Other parasitoids occurring included Coteisa melanoscelus, Cotesia scheaferi, Glyptapanteles liparidis, Brachymeria lasus, and Exorista spp. The low incidence of the NPVirus is hypothesized to be an important factor in determining degree of parasitism rate by P. silvestris and B. schineri, and their relative dominance in the parasitoid complex.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.95-102
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• 1997

Author investigated internal parasitism for the feces of dog's training center, breeding-dog farm, dairy farm, home by 120 indoor breeding dog and 566 outdoor one in Inchon area. This survey was done from February in 1994 to December in 1995. 1. As a result of total 686 samples, positives were 373(54.4%). Among them, indoor and outdoor breeding dogs were 21(3.1%) 352(51.3%), respectively. 2. According to breeding, it was manifested that 21samples (17.5%) of 120 indoor breeding dogs were positive, and 352 samples(62.2%) of outdoor breeding were positive. 3. The infection rate of dogs for food in dairy farm, breeding dogs in the farm, dog of training center and dog of house is high in order. 4. Infection rate of parasites in 24 dogs breeds, Mongrel dogs were 81.3%, Shepherds were 80.0%, Tosas were 78.4%, Akida and Siberian huskys were 76.2%, Jindos were 55.5%, Pointers were 50.0%, although Afghan hound, Spanial, Shin-tzu, Maltis and Buldog were examined as aparasites negative. 5. After administration with vermicide parasites infection rate were 43.0% in two months. In four months, it were 66.7%, and dogs without vermicide were 87.0%. It seemed like that further research about dosage of vermicide is needed. 6. The rate of single-infection was 37.6% and that of mixed-infection was 16.8%. Among classified 13 types, Ancylostoma caninum 35.6%, Toxocara cams 11.2%, Isospora sp 9.3%, Toxascaris leonina 5.1%, Trychuris vulpis 4.4% were investigated.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.299-303
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate the species of native parasitoids attacking Phyllocnistis citrella and their parasitism in citrus orchards in Jeju, Korea. During the survey period from 2013 to 2014, seven parasitoids belonging to Chalcidoidea were found: majority of the parasitoids were Sympiesis striatipes with 73% and Quadrastichus sp. with 22% in Eulophidae. The others were Neochrysocharis sp., Pnigalio sp., Holcopelte sp., Ageniaspis sp. (Encyrtidae) and Trichomalopsis sp. (Pteromalidae). Average parasitism rate reached 10.7% in orchards with spraying insecticide, and 32.2% in environmental-friendly managed orchards.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.19 no.2 s.43
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• pp.109-112
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• 1980

This study was carried out to investigate the distribution of egg parasitoids from green rice leafhopper, Nephotettix cincticeps Uhler, from the middle of August through the early September in southern rice cultural areas. The results were obtained as follow. 1. Four species of egg parasitoids, Gonatocerus sp. A and B, Paracentrobia andoi and Anagrus sp. are newly recorded from the eggs of green rice leafhopper. 2. Egg parasitism rates of Gonatocerus sp. were varied from $41.0\~73.9\%$ on an egg mass basis and from $29.7\~49.0\%$ on basis of egg. Percent parasitism rates by Paracentrobia andoi were $0\~9.7\%$ on an egg mass basis and from $2.1\~12.6\%$ on basis of egg. Gonatocerus sp. was dominant egg parasitoid in the parasitism rate than Paracentrobia andoi.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.413-418
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• 2003

This survey of endoparasite infections among stray cats in Korea has been carried out during November 1995 to October 1997. A total of 215 stray cats were collected from SeoulㆍGyeonggi (54), Gangwon (38), Chungchong (34), Jeonla (38), and Gyeoungsang (51) areas. The positive rate of endoparasites was 184 (85.6%) cats among 215. Of isolated parasites, nematodes were the most often detected parasites especially Toxocara cati (102 cats), Ancylostoma tubaeformae (9 cats). The next most often detected parasites were cestodes (60/215; 27.9%) sepecially Spirometra erinaecei (34 cats), Taenia taeniaformis (26 cats). Opisthorchis tenuicollis was found in bile duct (9 cats) and Isospora spp. were identified in 41 cats (19.1 %). In mixed parasite infection, the rate of infections of nematodes, trematodes and protozoas was 3.3%, nematodes and cestodes with 8.8%, nematodes and protozoa with 4.2%, cestodes and protozoa with 1.9%. In parasitic infection by a considering age category, age from 2 to 4 years had the highest infection (92.3%), 1-2 years were 87.6%, over 4 years was 80.0%. 79.6 percents of the stray cats in SeoulㆍKyounggi areas were ranked the 1st in parasite infection. The next was Kyoungsang 76.5%, Kangwon 65.8%, Cholla 63.2% and Chungchong 61.8% in order. Considering age categories from birth to greater than 4 years, parasite infections were most prevalent in cats 2 to 4 years old; other ages seemed to have no effect on prevalence of parasitism. Also sex seemed to have no effect on prevalence of parasitism. In endoparasite infection, nematode and cestode infections were most frequently found, trematode infections were low, coccidiosis was showed very often.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.77-80
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• 2004

To investigate the effect of host egg color dimorphism on the vinous-throated parrotbill (Paradoxornis webbianus) - common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus) interactions, we monitored breeding nests of vinous-throated parrotbills, and conducted model egg experiments, using two colors: white and blue. Of the 190 nests examined in this study, cuckoo parasitism occurred at 10 nests (8 blue and 2 white egg clutches, respectively), and only blue cuckoo eggs were found. This frequency was similar to the egg-color ratio of all host nests found (151 blue and 39 white egg clutches). Vinous-throated parrotbills showed high rejection rate towards both cuckoo eggs and model ones. There was a significant difference in rejection rates towards mimetic (blue) and non-mimetic (white) eggs in blue egg clutches. Mimetic eggs put in nests took significantly longer to be rejected than non-mimetic ones. The most common rejection method used by the hosts was egg ejection (puncture-ejection). The costs of ejecting non-mimetic eggs tended to be lower than those of ejecting mimetic eggs. These results indicate that egg-color dimorphism in this species favors the individuals having white egg clutches in terms of higher rejection rate and lower ejection costs of the parasitic eggs. This study also suggests that egg-color dimorphism of the vinous-throated parrotbill decreases the effect of cuckoo parasitism on host populations.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.301-307
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• 2001

The pine needle gall midge (PNGM), Thecodiplosis japonensis Uchida et Inouye, is a serious pest in pine forests in Korea. Since the first report of PNGM infestation in Korea in 1929, the infestation area has been expanded gradually. In 1975 the distribution of PNGM and its parasitoids were surveyed throughout several infested areas in Korea. Annual survey has been made for the rates of gall formation by PNGM and parasitism by its parasitoids at the monitoring sites including newly infested area in 1975 since 1980. These data were used to examine the relationship between PNGM and its parasitoids for newly invaded areas. The gall forming rate of PNGM and the parasitism by the parasitoid were 34.8 and 1.9% in 1975, respectively, while the gall forming rate and the parasitism were 20.7 and 8.9% in 1985, respectively. The relationships of densities between PNGM and its parsitoid were weak in the early stage of dispersion, but the density of parasitoid was with an asymptotic increase along with PNGMs density increase during the observation period for 10 years.