• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.63-69
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• 2013

The purposes of this study are to survey stereotypes of control-display relationships for seven principal controls in passenger cars using the paper-pencil and hardware tests, and to examine stereotype strength of the paper-pencil test through comparing the stereotypes for the controls derived by the two methods. Ninety two and 60 college-aged students participated in the paper-pencil test and the real car simulation of the hardware test, respectively. There are dominant motion-directions for all controls in the paper-pencil test, while in the hardware test, there are dominant motion-directions for six controls including head light, high beam, door window, ignition key, door key and door lock controls. The stereotypes of motion-directions for six controls obtained by the paper-pencil test were the same as or similar to those by the hardware test. It was inferred from this that the congruence of the stereotypes by the two methods might be attributed to two simple motion-direction principles of 'clockwise for increase' and 'upward for increase.' Although it is known that the hardware test would be best for obtaining accurate stereotypes between controls and displays, this study implies that if the paper-pencil test is well designed, the paper-pencil test can produce the same results as the hardware test at low cost and without consuming time.

• 대한인간공학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.267-271
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• 2013

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the test-retest reliability of paper-pencil test for investigating population stereotype of burner-control linkages of four-stove gas ranges. Background: Much of the research on gas-range stereotype strength has been performed using the paper-pencil test. While the use of the paper-pencil tests has the advantage of collecting data in a large group of subjects against reasonable costs, concerns regarding the reliability of the paper-pencil test has also been stated. Method: Three paper-pencil tests classified by intervals of test-retest were performed, in which eight types of burner-control arrangements were investigated. Sixty eight subjects were test-retested within two weeks, 85 subjects were test-retested within four weeks and 58 subjects were test-retested three times in series with interval of two and four weeks. Results: Chi-square test showed that three intervals of test-retest including two, four and two & four weeks have not statistically significant effect on subjects' responses irrespective of eight types of burner-control linkages dealt with in this study(p>0.10). Concordance rates of subjects' responses ranged between 73.5% and 100.0% for two-week test-retest, between 67.1% and 97.6% for four-week test-retest, and between 65.5% and 100.0% for two- and four-week serial test-retest. The concordance rates were linearly correlated with proportion of subjects' responses for stereotypes of burnercontrol linkages. Conclusion: It is concluded that the paper-pencil tests for investigating gas range relevant stereotypes could reproduce reliable results compared to baseline test within interval of four weeks. Application: The results of this study would be useful as an ergonomic guideline when designing the paper-pencil tests for stereotype relevant studies.

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.201-206
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• 2015

This study aims to investigate test-retest reliability or reproducibility of the paper-pencil test for investigating stereotypes of seven principal controls of passenger cars. The controls include wiper, head light, high beam, door window, ignition key, door key and door lock. Sixty two college-aged students participated in the paper-pencil tests and the tests were conducted twice with an in-between period of 4 weeks. The results showed that the stereotypes of motion-directions for the seven controls by the two paper-pencil tests were the same, and that the percentage agreements between two tests by subjects were ranged from 60.0% to 80.6%. There was a weak linear relationship between averaged rates of responses for the stereotypes of motion-directions for the seven controls and percentage agreements by subjects. Based on these results, it is concluded that the paper-pencil test collects reliable or reproducible data on the stereotypes of motion-directions for passenger cars' controls within four weeks.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.268-276
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• 2013

The objective of this paper is to give a general understanding for the development flight test of Korean Utility Helicopter(KUH). This paper contains the contents of detailed flight test plan, the type of flight test, an introduction to main flight test area, and the overview of flight test results. At the beginning, more than 8,500 test points were identified for airworthiness certification to show the compliance for the KUH development requirements. However, the number of flight test points were optimized to 7,800 at the end. To accomplish the test objectives, about 860 flight test sorties had been performed, and more than 1,000 test sorties were consumed for trouble shooting. This paper also describes some major issues faced during development flight test phase.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.181-189
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• 2023

The Covid-19 pandemic has increased demand for chlorine-based sanitizing solutions, most of which contain hypochlorous acid (HOCl) as an active agent. Free chlorine (HOCl) in these sanitizers is crucial for their efficacy. Disposable test strips are affordable and convenient tools for determining various qualitative and quantitative parameters. In this study, disposable opto-chemical test strips were developed by physically immobilizing 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and o-dianisidine (o-D) reagents on chromatography and filter paper-based test strips for the visualization and detection of free chlorine in the form of HOCl. The reagents undergo a rapid color change upon reaction with chlorine through a redox reaction. The paper-based test strips showed rapid color change within a minute and a low sample volume requirement (1 ml). This portable, disposable paper-based test strip is a simple and cost-effective way to rapidly detect the presence of HOCl sanitizers for home and field applications. Both TMB and o-D successfully detected chlorine. Chromatography paper proved to be the more efficient option among the two papers used as substrates for the reagents (TMB and o-D). It exhibited high retention capacity and high performance in terms of color transformation when reacting with HOCl, even after two months of storage.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-65
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• 1999

In a resent paper, Na, Lee and Kim(1998) develop a test statistic for testing whether or not the mean residual life changes its trend based on complete data and show that the new test performs better than previously known tests. In this paper, we extend their test to the randomly censored data. The asymptotic normality of the test statistic is established. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted to compare our test with a previously known test by the power of tests.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.305-312
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• 2018

유리 표면에 방사성동위원소 $^{14}C$를 고착시키고 문지름 시험을 통해 시험용지별 전이 인자와 표면 형상을 관찰하여 방사성동위원소 누설 점검을 위한 건식 및 습식 문지름 시험법을 연구하였다. 건식 문지름 시험법은 티슈 용지가 종이 필터를 대체 가능할 정도로 2배 높은 전이 인자를 보였고, 습식 문지름 시험법은 종이 필터 용지가 티슈 용지에 비하여 3배 높은 전이 인자를 보였다. 일반적으로 누설 점검을 위해 종이 필터를 사용하고 있지만 건식 문지름 시험법에서 티슈 용지가 대안이 될 수 있음을 보였다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2013

목적 : 국내 작업치료사들에 의해 가장 많이 사용되는 지필검사인 직선이분 검사 와 알버트 검사를 관찰을 통해 행동적 무시를 평가하는 CBS와 비교하여 상관관계를 살펴보고 편측무시에 대한 민감도가 더 높은 검사 도구를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 방법 : 기준에 따라 선정된 좌측 편마비 환자 44명을 대상으로 CBS, 직선이분검사, 알버트 검사, K-MBI를 시행하여 편측무시 정도를 비교 분석하였다. 결과 : 관찰을 통한 행동적 무시 검사인 CBS는 지필검사인 직선이분 검사, 알버트 검사와 유의한 상관관계를 보였다(p < .01). CBS가 지필검사보다 편측무시에 대한 민감도가 더 높았고, 일상생활활동과 더 높은 상관관계를 보였다(p< .01). 결론 : 본 연구의 결과를 살펴볼 때 CBS가 지필검사에 비해 편측무시를 판별하기 더 유용하며 질병부인검사도 가능한 검사도구이다. 따라서 편측무시 검사와 치료 시 CBS의 적용이 고려되어야 할 것이다.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제37권4호통권112호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2005

WCT (Wet compaction test) is a new fiber evaluation method developed recently by Seo and its test results can be used as a predictor for pulp quality and its paper property Bleached chemical pulps (SwBKP, HwBKP), recycled pulp (OCC), and mechanical pulp (BCTMP) were used for the furnishes to be tested by WCT We compared the WCT results to conventional fiber evaluation tests such as WRV (Water Retention Value), free ness, and fiber length in this study, and found that WCT always gave better regression coefficients in relation to pulp quality (drainage), and paper properties (density, tensile, tear, and burst strength). WCT may be used on-line in papermachine.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.240-249
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• 1985

본 논문은 프로토콜 테스트의 기본 조건, 프로토콜 테스트 방법을 언급하며, PTF의 시스템 구성에 대하여 제시하였다. 또한 X.25 DTE Packet Level에 대한 프로토콜 테스트 계열 및 프로토콜 테스트 결과에 대하여 언급하였다.