• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.193-201
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• 2006

We researched the reproductive ecology of pale chub, Zacco platypus that inhabits Gajeong-cheon and Wonju-cheon that are a tributary to the Han river. The nuptial organ was formed on the head part, the anal fin and the tail part in male, the change of nuptial color was outstanding. By their changing body shape, the anal fin was extended and body depth came to be high during the spawning season in both sexes. Territorial male of defending behavior were head butting, rotated fighting, parallel swimming, biting and expelling. After pale chub located himself from the upper of the female that was approached to the side parallelling with the female, male and female spawned digging sand with their anal fin by vibrating and any parental care of the eggs was not taken. The spawning interval and lasting time were relevant to individuals density of spawning ground.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.724-732
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• 2010

Two feeding experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of dietary paprika (DP) and lipid (DL) levels on growth performance and skin pigmentation of pale chub, Zacco platypus. Six diets (designated as $P_0L_8,\;P_0L_{17},\;P_8L_8,\;P_8L_{17},\;P_{16}L_8\;and\;P_{16}L_{17}$) were formulated to contain 0%, 8% and 16% paprika with 8% and 17% lipid, respectively. For the growth experiment (Exp I), three replicate groups of fish (average weight 2.6${\pm}$0.2 g) were fed one of the six experimental diets for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding period, survival was above 94% and not significantly different among dietary treatments. Weight gain, feed efficiency and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the $P_{16}L_8$ diet were lower than for fish fed the $P_0L_8$ diet. The highest total carotenoid (TC) content was observed in fish fed the $P_{16}L_8$ diet. For the pigmentation experiment (Exp II), each experimental diet was fed to two replicate groups of fish (average weight 9.0${\pm}$0.5 g) for 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding period, TC content of the skin was significantly affected by DP (p<0.05). The highest TC content of the skin was observed after 6 weeks of feeding at all dietary treatments. Astaxanthin content of the skin was not affected by DP and DL (p>0.05). The capxanthin and zeaxanthin contents of skin increased significantly with increasing DP, whereas the opposite trend was observed for lutein and ${\beta}$-cryptoxanthin contents. The skin lightness ($L^*$ values) significantly decreased whereas the values of $a^*$ and $b^*$ were significantly increased in fish fed the diets containing paprika (p<0.05). The present results suggest that feeding a diet containing 8% paprika and 8% lipid for 6 weeks could improve skin pigmentation of pale chub without any adverse effects on growth performance.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.105-114
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• 2010

A study of Han River fish assemblage dynamics for 4 years was conducted. From April 2005 to August, 2008, fishes inhabiting two sites of Han River were sampled for identification. For further analysis, 40 individuals of the dominant species were sampled monthly from March 2006 to November 2008. The fish assemblage at site 1 was dominated by Zacco platypus (32.69%), while the subdominant species were Acheilognathus yamatsutae (14.4%), Acanthorhodeus gracilis (9.43%), Squalidus japonicus coreanus (6.84%), and Tridentiger brevispinis (5.18%). The most abundant species at site 2 was Korean Chub (Zacco koreanus) with relative abundance of 62.45% and followed by Pungtungia herzi (10.29%), Coreoperca herzi (8.67%), and Coreoleuciscus splendidus (6.82%) as the subdominant species. At both sites, the endemics populations show an increasing pattern during the whole survey period, while the natives were declining in the last two years.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.75-85
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• 2008

The pale chub (Zacco platypus) is a dominant species that migrates locally and inhabits in rivers in Korea. The fish movement at confluences or hydraulic connections is very important especially for the life of small fish as pale chub. If main stream and off-channel habitats are connected with culverts, they would restrict the fish movement due to the high flow velocities and low depths. In foreign conturies, design flow conditions of fish friendly culvert, including flood flow capacity and fish-passage flow capacity, were assigned. Installation of culvert fishways is one way to improve the fish-passing capacity of culverts. On the contrary, in Korea, the design flow of culvert contains only the flood flow capacity. The effect of the fish passage with offset baffles was tested with the fixed velocity method in an experimental flume. As a result, An occasion velocity 1.2m/s, proportional success of pale chubs pass is maximum 20% improve than without baffle flume for energy dissipate. Offset baffle fishway(baffle height 5cm) provides that resting areas and/or a continuous channel of low velocity water in culverts. Especially, short baffle areas are domain where the pale chubs pass. And, FLOW-3D, a three dimentional numerical model, was used in order to evaluate detailed hydraulic characteristics and application possibility in a culvert fishway design.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
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• 1999.10b
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• pp.158.1-158
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• 1999

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.199-202
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• 1998

Neoplasioporus zocconis (Yamaguti, 1934) (Trematoda: Opecoelidae) was found from the intestine of the pale chub, Zacco platypus, for the first time in Korea. The worms were characterized morphologically by oval body shape, bipartited seminal vesicle, sinistrally located genital pore, and lobed ovary, and distinguished from the two other species of Neoplagioporous by body shape and distribution of vitelline follicles. The morphological characteristics, except the ovary, well corresponded to those of the previous descriptions. The morphological difference of the ovary was considered as a character of geographical phenotypic variation.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.397-405
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• 2009

We assessed the physical habitat conditions of pale chub (Zacco platypus) considering various stream order in the Geum river basin. Field monitoring was conducted for ecological and habitat conditions for 28 sites from October 2007 to October 2008. The number of Z. platypus sampled during this period was 2,362. In more than 3rd stream, water depth and velocity showing the highest number of samples were 0.8 m and $0.8\;m\;s^{-1}$, respectively. In addition, the highest number of samples was observed under the condition of total length (TL) (8~10 cm), velocity ($0.3\;m\;s^{-1}$), water depth (0.4 m), substrate size (send, 0.1~1.0 mm~coarse gravel, 50.0~100.0 mm) and habitat type (run). Based on the monitoring data (n=1059) the relationship between body weight (BW) and TL in male and female were estimated as $BW=0.0068{\times}TL^{3.0274}$ ($r^2=0.9102$) and $BW=0.0075{\times}TL^{2.9995}$ ($r^2=0.8517$), respectively. Growth equations on days after parturition (DAP) to the TL were estimated as TL=0.0108DAP+1.5795 ($r^2=0.9721$). By equations (TL 6.9 cm), BW were 2.7 g (male) and 2.4 g (female), and DAP was about 490 days.

• Journal of fish pathology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 1996

The mature spores of present Myxobolus sp. was ovoid in front view with no distinct redges of folds, lemon-shaped in side view with a straight sutural ridge. Spore valves showed symmetrical and smooth. Spores were 9 to $12{\mu}m$ (Mean=$10.4{\pm}0.7$, n=50)in length, 6 to $9{\mu}m$ (Mean=$7.7{\pm}0.6$, n=50) in width and 5.0 to $7.5{\mu}m$ (Mean=6.2, n=7) in thickness. Two polar capsules of spore were pyriform in shape, equal or mearly equal in size, 3 to $6{\mu}m$(Mean=$4.6{\pm}0.6$, n=50) in length, 2 to $3{\mu}m$(Mean=$2.2{\pm}0.3$, n=50) in width, Polar filaments of spore were composed with six to seven coils within capsules. Extended polar filaments were 55 to $135{\mu}m$ (Mean=78.7, n=50)in length. The shape and measurements of the present Mysobolus sp. spores were very similar with the spore of M. cyprinicola Reuss, 1906.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.364-372
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• 2011

The pale chub (Zacco platypus) is generally found in Asian countries, such as Korea, Japan, and China. Nevertheless, very little information exists about the genes involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in this species. This species is useful in monitoring the environmental impact on various pollutants in freshwater as a sentinel fish species. We cloned the full-length cDNA sequence of xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P450 1A (CYP1A) gene from Z. platypus and characterized it. Tissue distribution and timedependent induction of CYP1A were studied by real-time RT-PCR. Induction pattern of CYP1A was studied by exposing the fish to an arylhydrocarbon receptor agonist, ${\beta}$-naphthoflavone (BNF). The liver showed the highest level of expression in basal state as well as BNF- treated fish. However, appreciable levels of expression were also recorded in Gill and kidney and the least level of expression was observed in the eye. The results of the time-course study revealed an induction in the liver, brain, and gills after 6 h and 12 h in most of the tissues. This study provides an insight into the xenobiotics metabolizing system of Z. platypus and offers baseline information for further research related to biomarker, stress, and adaptive response of this ecologically important fish species in the freshwater environment.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2011

In order to establish fundamental data for stream restoration and environmental flow, we investigated physical habitat conditions of Korean chub (Zacco koreanus) in the typical streams of Han River. Field monitoring including fish sampling was conducted from September 2008 to April 2010. A total number of fish caught in the 8 sites was 3,421 representing 8 families 31 species, and 17 species (54.8%) including Korean shinner (Coreoleuciscus splendidus) and Z. koreanus were Korean endemic species during the study period. The most frequently found species in number was pale chub (Z. platypus, 25.7%) followed by Z. koreanus (22.8%) and Microphysogobio longidorsalis (16.8%). Numbers of Z. Koreanus ranged from 8 to 10 cm of total length were the highest in size distribution of their population in all sites. They were widely found in ranges of flow velocity (0.2~0.9 m/sec, 89.6%), water depth (0.3~0.9 m, 91.6%), and different types of substrates except for silt, and they tended to prefer run (58.1%) and riffle (33.7%) with cobble bed (47.0%) microhabitat. Most of upper streams in Korea consist of riffles and runs that are repeatedly followed by another one. However, stream channelization and leveling have caused reduction of habitat diversity. Therefore, it is necessary to make an effort on stream rehabilitation with evaluation of physical habitat condition by indicator species in order to maintain biodiversity and perform ecological restoration.