• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.202-207
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes of tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis using retrograde compressive intramedullary nail for patients with complex hindfoot problems, including Charcot arthropathy, osteonecrosis of talus, combined arthritis of the ankle and subtalar joint, failure of previous ankle arthrodesis, and failed total ankle arthroplasty. Materials and Methods: Eighteen consecutive patients (10 men and 8 women) with an average age of 54 years (range, 42~72 years) underwent tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis using retrograde compressive intramedullary nail fixation. The mean duration of follow-up was 16 months (range, 12~23 months). Radiological evaluation included assessment of the union status of ankle and subtalar joints. Clinical evaluations included visual analogue scale (VAS) for pain and patient satisfaction, and postoperative complications were analyzed. Results: Radiological union was achieved in 14 ankle joints (77%) and 16 subtalar joints (88%) at an average of 16 weeks (range, 14~40 weeks) and 14 weeks (range, 12~24 weeks), respectively. The preoperative VAS were 4.6 (range, 4~8) at rest and 8.2 (range, 7~10) during walking, and the postoperative VAS were 2.2 (range, 0~3) and 4.6 (range, 4~6), respectively (p<0.05). There were 6 nonunions (4 ankle joints and 2 subtalar joints), 3 tibia fractures, 2 delayed union of ankle joints, and 2 breakage of the implant. Conclusion: Tibiotalocalcaneal arthrodesis using retrograde compressive intramedullary nail may be considered as a viable option in patients with complex hindfoot problems.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.1267-1272
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to survey the importance of items for the physiological and pathological symptoms for estimating a health condition according to Sasang constitution to establish the SHI(Sasangin Health Index) which will reflect the concept of inherent vitality. We surveyed expert opinion with questionnaires from 20 Sasang constitution specialists. The questionnaire was composed of 57 items on physiological and pathological symptoms and specialist opinions. Each item was marked from A to E according to importance in evaluating health state in each constitution, and if the mean score of an item was over 3.0, the item was regarded as important. Important indexes among physiological symptoms were diet, digestion condition, perspiration condition, frequency of defecation, heat and cold response, and temperature of drinking water in Soeumin, pathologic perspiration and defecation condition in Soyangin, repast, perspiration condition, and the amount of drinking water in Taeeumin, and urination frequency in Taeyangin. Important indexes among pathological symptoms were sighing, indigestion, and abdominal pain in Soeumin, oral condition, chest distress, brash, and amnesia in Soyangin, eye condition, palpitation, and edema in Taeeumin, and vomiting and incapacity of the lower limbs in Taeyangin. There are different health evaluating index and priority order in it according to Sasang constitution.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.161-167
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• 2018

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory efficacy of preemptive intravenous ibuprofen on inflammatory complications such as edema and trismus in patients undergoing impacted mandibular third molar surgery. Methods: Sixty patients were included and divided into three groups (800 mg IV ibuprofen + 50 mg dexketoprofen, 800 mg IV ibuprofen, and control). In all patients, preoperative hemodynamic values were recorded before the infusions. The operation was started at 15-min post-infusion. Evaluation of edema size on the face and mouth opening (trismus) was conducted in the preoperative period, and at postoperative 48 h and 1 week. Results: No difference was determined among the groups in trismus and edema size in postoperative measurements (P > 0.05). There was a difference between group 2 and group 3 only in measurement value of tragus-corner of the mouth on the postoperative day 2 (P < 0.05). A difference was found between the measurement values of trismus preoperatively and at preoperative day 2, and between postoperative day 2 and 1 week in group 3 based on time (P < 0.05). In group 3, edema on the face on postoperative day 2 increased significantly compared to that in the preoperative period (P < 0.001); in addition, edema increased significantly in groups 1 and 2 in the postoperative period but was less than that in group 3 (P < 0.001). Conclusions: In this study, intravenous ibuprofen was determined to be more effective alone or in combination in alleviating trismus and to better limit the postoperative edema.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.501-504
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• 2011

Purpose: Epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) represents about the 1% of the malignant neoplasms in the salivary glands and clinically most commonly found localized, well defined and sometimes presents orofacial pain. Treatment of choice is surgical excision. Postoperative radiotherapy can be used when surgical margins are doubtful. We report our experience of EMC of the parotid gland. Methods: A 78-year-old man presented with a three-year history of a localized, painless, $7{\times}6cm$ sized recurred tumor in his right preauricular area. He was diagnosed as EMC of the right parotid gland. So a total parotidectomy was performed. In his old medical history, he had a mass in the same area 5 years ago. The diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma was made and the mass excision was performed at the local clinic without further evaluation. Results: It was unable to visually discriminate between the tumor and the normal tissue. So a total parotidectomy was performed. The patient was got post-operative radiotherapy and was followed up for 9 months. There was no specific evidence of recurrence. Conclusion: We present a case of EMC of the parotid gland in right preauricular area, which is uncommon. So we report a uncommon case of EMC to discuss about our experience with relevant journal discussion.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.485-488
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• 2010

Purpose: Paragonimiasis is infectious disease occurred by Paragonimus Westermani, which invades into human body as a final host. Habitual eating the freshwater crab or crawfish unboiled is one of the reason of infection. Paragonimiasis raged in 1970s in Korea, Japan, China and other Asian countries but the incidence decreased rapidly. Once people eat infected second host, parasite penetrates the duodenal wall and migrates to the lung. During this migration period, the parasite can migrate to other organ, such as brain, spinal cord, liver and subcutaneous tissue, but the cases are rarely reported. The objective of our study is to present our experience of the ectopic migration of parasite to the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen, which was easily treated with excision and Praziquantel medication. Methods: A 59-year-old woman who likes eating unboiled freshwater crab was diagnosed as Paragonimiasis 15 months ago. Her symptoms were fever and cough, and she was treated with Praziquantel medication. 3 months after discharge, she visited our hospital with left pleuritic chest pain, cough with fever, and palpable mass formation on left lower quadrant of the abdomen. Wedge resection of the left lung and Praziquantel medication was maintained for a week. Nevertheless, fever persisted after the treatment. The patient received total excision of the abdominal soft tissue mass, and the fever was relieved. Results: Pathologic findings of the mass showed multiple cyst and abscess formation with crystal structure which is suspicious parts of the parasite or calcified egg shells. Uncontrolled fever was relieved after the operation, and there was no evidence of recurrent Paragonimiasis and ectopic migration for 1 year follow up period. Conclusion: Ectopic migration of Paragonimus is rare, but multiple organ can be involved. Patient with Paragominiasis who was refractory in fever control after Praziquantel medication or surgical evaluation of the lung should be considered as ectopic migration of the Paragonimiasis.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.513-517
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• 1998

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery has recently evolved as an alternative to thoracotomy for several thoracic disorders. Today it is viewed as a sparing and safe alternative to thoracotomy for a wide spectrum of indication. Using video-assisted operative thoracoscopy, we operated on 33 patients during the 2 years of our experience from June 1993 to June 1995. They were diagnosed as recurrent pneumothorax in 16, visible bulla on X-ray in 6, prolonged air leakage(longer than 7days) in 4, bilataral pneumothorax in 3, hyperhidrosis in 2, previous contralateral pneumothorax in 1, primary hemopneumothorax 1. The average duration of chest tube placement was 2.1${\pm}$0.4 days. The mean postoperative hospital stay was 3.4${\pm}$0.6 days. The complication was persistent air leakage(longer than 48 hours) in 3 case. Video-assisted thoracic surgery is safe, decreased pain, and shortens hospital stay.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 2017

This study was performed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of alfaxalone for induction of inhalation anesthesia in small animal practice. Patient data were collected according to anesthetic records (136 dogs and 14 cats) presented to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of Seoul National University for surgeries and diagnostic imaging from July 2013 to March 2014. Anesthetic results included signalment, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) grade, premedicated drugs, procedures, induction quality, and recovery after anesthesia. One hundred fifty anesthetic events were classified according to the ASA grade. Three patients were ASA grade I, 52 patients grade II, 86 patients grade III, and 9 patients grade IV, respectively. The most common premedication was midazolam and hydromorphone combination (n = 59, 39.3%) follow by acepromazine and hydromorphone combination (n = 22, 14.7%). The majority of anesthesia procedures were diagnostic imaging (n = 33, 22.0%) and ophthalmic surgeries (n = 31, 20.7%), followed by soft tissue surgeries (n = 27, 18.0%), and orthopedic surgeries (n = 20, 13.3%). Intravenous alfaxalone provided smooth induction for inhalation anesthesia in almost cases, but transient apnea and twitching/paddling were observed after induction and during recovery, respectively. In addition, alfaxalone did not show pain response during intravenous administration. Alfaxalone showed smooth induction of inhalation anesthesia in dogs and cats with mild to severe systemic disease (ASA 2-4). Alfaxalone was considered as an acceptable induction agent for patients with higher risk in small animal practice.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 1999

Safety evaluation of LB71350, a new HIV-1 protease inhibitor, was performed in mice, rats and dogs. For the general behavior of mice, LB71350 at an oral dose of 200 mg/kg did not show any significant effects on muscle tone and locomotor activity. In terms of central nervous system, at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, LB71350 inhibited acetic acid-induced pain response approximately 41% and 83% of control. respectively. At oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg, it reduced the rectal body temperature in rats. Pentylenetetrazole-induced seizure in mice was slightly potentiated by oral administration of LB71350 at doses ranging from 200 mg/kg to 1000 mg/Ag. Single or five day treatment of LB71350 doubled the hexobarbital- induced sleeping time in mice at oral doses ranging from 50 mg/kg to 500 mg/kg. It did not cause any effects on gastric secretion and acidity in rat at oral doses of 200 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg and also it did not change intestinal motility in mice up to 1000 mg/kg. Blood coagulation indices such as prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), and thrombin time (TT) in rats were not affected by the treatment of LB71350 up to 500 mg/kg. LB71350 caused no significant effects on the cardiac output, stroke volume, heart rate, and mean blood pressure when infused intravenously to the anesthetized rats and dogs. Taken together, LB71350 at high oral doses caused significant pharmacological effects on the central nervous system and the hexobarbital-induced sleeping time.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.2795-2799
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• 2016

Purpose: To study histomorphological and immunohistochemical patterns of gastro-intestinal stromal tumours (GISTs) in Malaysia. Materials and Methods: A total of 29 GIST cases from Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Seremban, were studied retrospectively over a period of 10 years from January 2002 to December 2011. Patient demographic data like age, sex and etnicity were collected. Tumour characteristics like site, maximum dimension and specimen type were analysed. Evaluation was according to established criteria into very low, low, intermediate and high-risk categories. Immunohistochemical characteristics were also analysed. Results: The mean age of patients was 59.7 years. Males (59%) were found to be more commonly affected than females (41%). The Chinese (45%) were commonly affected than Malays (41%), and Indians (10%). The most common symptom was pain in the abdomen (13.8%). More than half of the cases were seen in stomach (53%). The tumour size ranged from 1.5 cm to 17 cm with a mean of 6.94cm. Microscopic findings revealed that the spindle cell type was the most common (76%). It was observed that the majority of the cases (48%) were categorised in the intermediate risk group. Immunohistochemical staining showed positivity for CD117 (78.6%), CD34 (71.4%), vimentin (86.2%), S-100 (27.6%), SMA (35.7%), PKC THETA (46.4%) and PDGRFA (67.9%).

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.75-81
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• 2014

Background: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a life-threatening disease. Despite of proper treatment and improving treatment regimens, HLH patients still show a fatal prognosis. Therefore the evaluation of prognostic factor is important and there are many studies about hyperbilirubinemia as a prognostic factor in HLH. So we studied the prognostic value of hyperbilirubinemia in HLH children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed about 33 patients who were diagnosed with HLH at Pusan National University Hospital and Yangsan Pusan University Hospital between January 2000 to December 2012. We reviewed the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, and results of treatment to identify hyper-bilirubinemia as a prognostic factor in HLH patients. Results: The median age of patients at diagnosis was 32 months. Most of patients presented with fever, pale appearance, abdominal pain and jaundice. Forty-eight point five percentage of patients showed normal serum bilirubiln level (<2.0 mg/dL) and 51.5% showed hyperbilirubinemia (${\geq}2.0mg/dL$). In normal serum bilirubin group, 1 patient (6.3%) was relapsed and 1 patient (5.9%) was relapsed in hyperbilirubinemia group. In the hyperbilirubinemia group, the mortality was higher than the normal bilirubin group but, there was no statistical significance. Conclusion: As a prognostic factor serum bilirubin at diagnosis in HLH patients, there was no significant correlation between hyperbilirubinemia and poor outcome. But, our study has a limitation that the number of patients is too small and almost showed good prognosis.