• Korean Journal of Occupational Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.48-58
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• 2004

Purpose: To identify the factors which are related to compensated low back pain disability. These include individual. workplace. economic and injury factors. Method: Data collection was performed at 13 office of Korea Labor Welfare Corporation and 29 hospitals from 23th June to 4th August 2003. This study used 212 workers with compensated low back pain. Result: From the bivariate analysis, industry kind, type of employment, rest schedule, Job control, compensation, payment of company, diagnosis, cause of occupational injury, duration of compensated low back pain, pattern of pain, operation, other injury is related to low back pain disability. From the multiple regression analysis, rest schedule, compensation, diagnosis, pattern of pain, other injury have statistically significant effect on the low back pain disability. Conclusion: In order to reduce low back pain disability, occupational rehabilitation nursing intervention is necessary to workers with compensated low back pain.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.299-302
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of spinal decompression therapy on pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: Twenty patients with chronic low back pain were divided into an experimental group (spinal decompression therapy, n=10) and a control group (conservative physical therapy, n=10). Both groups were treated three times a week over a four-week period. Results: The comparison of between-group changes post-treatment revealed statistically significant lower levels of pain and disability in the experimental group than the control group. The comparison of within each group changes before and after the treatment showed statistically significant declines in pain and disability indexes of both groups. Conclusion: Spinal decompression therapy may be an effective intervention for improving pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.199-205
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• 2018

Background: Sleep disturbance and depression are becoming more recognized as important symptoms among individuals with chronic low back pain. This study evaluated the effect of stabilization exercise on pain-related disability, sleep disturbance and the psychological status of patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (NSCLBP). Methods: A total of 26 patients (M/F = 17/9) with NSCLBP with a mean age of $50.0{\pm}15.5$ took part in this study. Participants were recruited from selected hospitals in Lagos state. Ethical approval was sought and obtained from the health research and ethics committee of Lagos University Teaching Hospital Idi-araba, Lagos, Nigeria. Participants performed stabilization exercise for eight weeks consecutively and were assessed for pain-related disability, anxiety, depression, and sleep disturbance using the pain-disability index, hospital anxiety and depression scale, and the insomnia severity index at baseline, the 4th week, and the 8th week, postintervention. Results: The participants studied recorded significant reduction in pain-related disability (P = 0.001). There was also improvement in the sleep quality (P = 0.001), depression level (P = 0.001), and anxiety level (P = 0.001), post intervention. Conclusions: This study revealed that stabilization exercise is very useful in the management of sleep disturbance, pain-related disability, depression, and anxiety in NSCLBP patients.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.225-234
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• 2021

Objective: We aimed to identify the effects of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) stretching on pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain. Design: Randomized controlled trial Methods: In total, 45 patients with chronic low back pain were randomly divided into a conventional stretching group (n=22) and a PNF stretching group (n=23). Both interventions were performed three times per week for 6 weeks. Assessments were made using the visual analog scale, Flexion-Abduction-External Rotation test, modified Thomas test, prone hip extension test, and Oswestry disability index before and after the 6-week intervention period. We conducted a paired t-test to compare the within-group findings before and after the intervention. An independent t-test was used to compare the between-group differences. The statistical significance level was set at α=0.05, for all variables. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability after the intervention (p<0.05). A significant difference was observed in pain, hip range of motion, and functional disability in patients belonging to the PNF stretching group (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study provides evidence that the application of PNF stretching can effectively reduce pain and improve hip range of motion and functional disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.495-507
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to find the effects of the dynamic lumbar stabilization exercise on functional recovery of low back pain patients. The subjects were consisted of sixty patients who had nonspecific subacute low back pain. All subjects randomly assigned to dynamic lumbar stabilization exercise group. Williams exercise group and modalities treatment group. The dynamic lumbar stabilization exercise group received modalities treatment with dynamic lumbar stabilization exercise. Williams exercise group received modalities treatment with Williams flexion exercise and modalities treatment group received modalities treatment without exercise. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire was used to measure disability of low back pain. Assessment was carried out before treatment fur obtain baseline measurement of low back pain and reassessment were carried out at after 20 and 40 treatment sessions. The results of this study were as following: 1. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores were significantly decreased after 20th and 40th treatment in dynamic lumber stabilization exercise group(p<.05). 2. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores were significantly decreased after 20th and 40th treatment in Williams exercise group(p<.05). 3. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores were significantly decreased after 20th and 40th treatment in modalities treatment group(<.05). 4. There were no statistical difference between the 3 groups at pre-treatment with Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores(p>.05). 5. There were no statistical difference between the 3 groups after 20th treatment with Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores(p>.05). 6. There were statistical difference between the 3 groups after 40th treatment with Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores(p<.05). 7. The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire scores were significantly decreased after 40th treatment in all 3 groups and the decrement were greater in order of dynamic lumbar stabilization exercise group. Williams exercise group and modalities treatment group.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to look into back pain, pain disability, labour pain, and related areas of pain experienced by postpartum women. Method: A survey about pain including a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), Oswestry pain disability, and pain drawing was used in a descriptive research method on 98 women 2-3 days after delivery. Result: 57.1% of those surveyed reported experiencing back pain before pregnancy. 75.5% reported experiencing back pain during pregnancy. The average starting time of back pain for pregnant women was 2.9 months into pregnancy. 48.8% reported the most severe back pain in the last trimester of pregnancy, while most women complained of left and right pubic pain and lumbar area pain during pregnancy. Statistical relations were calculated and menstrual symptoms (F=5.938, p=0.004), back pain prior to pregnancy (F=4.714, p=0.000), back pain during pregnancy (F=-3.429, p=0.001), and back pain disability prior to pregnancy (F=-1.994). Conclusion: There is a relation in postpartum women's back pain between back pain prior to pregnancy and back pain during pregnancy. Pelvic examinations early in pregnancy can determine if back pain will change for the worse or relapse. Therefore, the application of a pain relieving nursing intervention is needed.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.38-45
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• 2016

Background: Chronic back pain shows a high correlation with lumbar disability, physical disability for daily activities, and psychosocial factors, such as depression. Object: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of the level of pain and disability with psychosocial factors, which are potential disturbance variables, in patients with chronic lumbar pain. Method: The sample included 258 patients, who had complained of chronic lumbar pain for more than three months. The Quadruple Visual Analogue Scale was used to measure the level of pain, and a Korean version of Oswestry Disability Index was used to measure the level of disability. Psychosocial factors were measured using the Tampa scale for Kinesiophobia-11, Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, and Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire. The collected data was analyzed using PASW 18.0, and an independent samples t-test was used to examine frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation of sociodemographic characteristics and major variables. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to investigate the correlation between the level of pain and disability and psychosocial factors. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was done to determine the level of pain and psychosocial factors of functional disorder. The significance level was set at ${\alpha}=.05$. Result: There is a strong correlation between the level of pain and functional disorder and psychosocial factors in patients with chronic lumbar pain. The study also revealed that as the levels of pain and fear avoidance increase, pain self-efficacy decreases. Conclusion: The results suggest that negative perceptions towards pain, limitations of physical movement, and severe fear avoidance directly affect the decrease in pain self-efficacy. Therefore, it is recommended to test pain self-efficacy when measuring the level of pain and disability in patients with chronic low back pain.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.645-654
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• 2007

Purpose: This research was conducted to compare the effects of drug therapy, physical therapy, and exercise on pain, disability, and depression in patients with chronic low back pain. Methods: The research design of this study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 28 patients for the drug therapy & physical therapy, 24 patients for the drug therapy & exercise, and 22 patients for the physical therapy & exercise. Data was collected by MVAS, Oswestry disability questionnaires, and questionnaires of depression. It was analyzed by paired t-test for effectiveness, ANOVA, and Scheffe for comparison of the effects of the 3 experimental treatments, using SPSS/WIN 12.0. Results: There were no effects of drug therapy & physical therapy on pain, disability, and depression. However, there were effects of drug therapy & exercise and the physical therapy & exercise on pain, disability, and depression. The effects of physical therapy & exercise on pain, disability, and depression were the greatest, but there was no statistically significant differences between the drug therapy & exercise and the physical therapy & exercise. Conclusions: Exercise is regarded as a more effective and easily accessible nursing intervention to apply alone than drug therapy or physical therapy simultaneously in reducing pain, disability and depression.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2007

Objective: The Purpose of this study is the factive and descriptive research to identify the factors affecting the functional disability of the chronic low back pain patients. We investigated the effect of ODI by the Questionnaire and questioned an 70 patients who were back pain unit at G university hospital in D city from March to May, 2007. The functional disorder in this study were based on the Oswestry Disability Index(ODI) lower back pain disability questionnaire by fairbank(1980), and these data were proceeded by using SPSS/WIN version 10.0. Result: 1. The functional disorder in accordance with age, gender, academic background, occupation, diagnosis, pain cause, pain experience, treatment duration had no significantly similar difference statistically(p>0.05). 2. The functional disorder in accordance with duration of painful generation had statistically significance(P<0.05). Conclusion: we could verify that duration of painful generation affect on the factors affecting the functional disability of the low back pain patients.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2002

Objective : The low back pain was the main reason of receiving acupuncture treatment. Despite its widespread prevalence, objective data assessing the pain and the results of various forms of treatment were difficult to find in korea. In order to compare the value of different types of treatment, it was necessary to use standard and meaningful forms of assessment. Methods : Pain and functional disability scales for low back pain were reviewed for contents, measurement properties and current methodological issues. Results and Conclusions : 1. The SF-36 Bodily Pain Scale and the Graded Chronic Pain Scale were commonly used for the standard pain scale. 2. The Oswestry Disability Questionnaire and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire were commonly used for the standard function scale. 3. When evaluated, there was no definite answer to the results of the treatment. In the literature, the responsiveness of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire ranged from 2 to 8 points but clinically, the ranges should be minimally changed from 2 to 3 points. 4. In the future, scale for low back pain should be standardized in multiple dimension so that the computerized adaptive testing by Item Response Theory could be widely used.