• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.99-102
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• 1992

Severe intractable pain with paresthesia and severe dyspnea produced by lung cancer involving both brachial plexuses, refractory to ordinary pharmacologic approaches, was managed by epidural morphine and bupivacaine administration with the continuous Baxter infusion system. Chest pain, which is somatic pain in character, was well managed with the epidural morphine and bupivacaine administrations. However paresthesia and tingling sensation of the hand and forearm were poorly controlled by epidural morphine, and were finally managed by bolus epidural injections of bupivacaine. Supportive therapy included epidural steroid injection and TENS, but the effect was not satisfactory. Severe dyspnea seemed to aggrevate cancer related pain.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.445-451
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• 2019

This study was done to identify the perception of cancer pain among nurse and 4th grade medical school and to apply it to the development of systematic educational program. The subjects were 258 nurses and 211 4th grade medical school students. The results of the analysis using the SPSS WIN 18.0 statistical program showed statistically significant differences in the next question between the two groups ; "Cancer patients don't get addicted to painkillers the more often they use them.", "Cancer pain can occur regardless of age.", "Injections or neurotheraphy are not temporary, but effective over a long period of time when cancer patients have pain.", "Cancer patients are not easily addicted to painkillers compared to other patients." Therefore, it is necessary to establish the educational direction and related education programs for the theory and practice of systematic cancer pain in both groups.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.279-292
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• 2021

Objectives: Analyze papers on the effect of acupuncture on cancer pain from a macroscopic point of view, suggesting global trends and future research directions to promote acupuncture treatment for cancer pain. Methods: By filtering the papers searched for (acupuncture) AND (cancer pain) in the Web of Science database, 351 papers were selected and analyzed by year, field, journal, institution, author, and keyword. Results: Most papers were published in 2020, and research was active in the field of complementary and alternative medicine. Research on the effects of acupuncture in cancer pain has been active in cancer centers and university hospitals, research has been active in various countries. The most frequently mentioned keywords in the titles and abstracts were acupuncture, pain, and quality of life. The latest top 5 keywords were inhibitor-induced arthralgia, acupuncture therapy, risk factors, opioids, and recovery. Conclusions: Acupuncture treatment has the potential to reduce pain and improve quality of life in cancer patients, and it should be actively studied in the future.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.100-104
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• 1993

Malignant tumors of the paranasal sinuses are quite rare entity, with maxillary neoplasms accounting for less than 1 percent of all head and neck malignancies. When considering the paranasal sinuses alone, 77 percent of cancers arise in the maxillary sinuses. There is no situation more frustrating than the management of the patients with chronic facial pain due to cancer. The initial step in managing patients with cancer pain is the use of oncologic therapy in the form of radiotherapy, surgery, chemotherapy, alone or combined, either to effect a cure or decrease the size of the tumor and thus decrease or eliminate the pain. When oncologic therapy is ineffective in providing relief, the pain must be treated by one or more of the followings: Systemic analgesics and adjuvant drugs, psychologic techniques of analgesia, neurostimulating techniques, neuroablative surgical procedures, regional analgesia with local anesthetics or neurolytic blocks. An 82-year old patient had severe pain of the orbital and infraorbital region due to squamous cell carcinoma of the maxillary sinus. We successfully treated this patient with the percutaneous retrogasserian ethanol gangliolysis by a H$\ddot{a}$rtel approach, and the analgesia lasts until the death of the patient.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objectives: To demonstrate an improvement of neuropathic pain after surgical site infection in a patient with anorectal cancer by administration of Soshihotang (SSHT). Methods: A 65-year-old female patient diagnosed with anorectal cancer was administered SSHT to relieve her neuropathic pain induced by surgical site infection. SSHT was administered from 4/22 to 5/2. Clinical outcomes were assessed using a numeric rating scale (NRS), and opioids administered to relieve her pain was calculated. Results: During 10 days of treatment, the NRS scale of neuropathic pain was improved and the dosage of opioids administered reduced to less than half. Conclusions: This case suggests that SSHT could be effective for the management of neuropathic pain induced by surgical site infection.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.173-183
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze nursing records for pain management in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods: Nursing process for pain management were analyzed retrospectively by 180 ICU patients' nursing records. Instruments consisted of 3 questionnaires (pain assessment, intervention, and evaluation). Results: For assessment, there was different pain intensity between cancer patients (7.95) and non-cancer patients (7.20). Also pain intensity was lower in PCA group (5.08) than in PCA with PRN group (8.27). Common pain site was surgical areas, along with 17 kinds of words expressed for pain, and mean of pain intensity was 7.47 by numeric rating scales (NRS). For intervention, the patients received pharmacologic interventions (99.4%) such as narcotic analgesics (38.3%) intermittently (70.5%) without side effects (94.4%). For evaluation, mean of pain intensity was decreased to 3.14, but a few patients (12.8%) experienced pain over 5 points despite the intervention. Nurses evaluated the degree of pain relief after the intervention in 87.2% of patients. Conclusion: Nurses do assess patients' pain by using objective tool, intervene, and evaluate for effective pain management. Nurses should make an individual approach and record all nursing activities for pain management.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.270-277
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• 2014

Purpose: This is a retrospective study that investigated cancer patients' complaints of moderate or severe pain to analyze pain characteristics, pain relief interventions and their effects. Methods: The participants of this study were 363 patients who were hospitalized in the cancer ward for three to 30 days and scored 4 points or higher on the pain severity assessment. Results: The most frequent region of pain was the abdomen. The most frequent factor that exacerbated pain was movement. The most frequent pain alleviating factor was administration of analgesics. The most frequent pain type was breakthrough pain, and the most frequent non-pharmaceutical intervention for pain control was heat therapy. Among all, analgesics were routinely prescribed for 52.2% of the participants. Morphine sulfate was the most frequently used analgesic while Gabapentin was the most frequently used non-narcotic analgesic. At the time of discharge, 82.5% of the participants marked their pain intensity as 3 points or lower. Conclusion: For cancer patients complaining of moderate or severe pain, it is important to actively control pain from the beginning of admission. Thus, it is necessary to educate not only cancer patients using narcotic analgesic for pain control and their families but nurses about the effects and side-effects of drugs. Moreover, patients and their families need to learn how to assess and record pain at home to collect data that can be referred for future treatment.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.456-462
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• 2001

Objective : Although cingulotomy has been applied to patients with affective disorders more frequently, there are numerous reports of its use for the control of severe pain. The goal of this study was to investigate the role of stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomy for intractable cancer pain. Method : Between January and June, 2000, we underwent stereotactic bilateral anterior cingulotomy in 6 patients for intractable cancer pain with poor response to opioids. The patients were suffering from widespread musculoskeletal or visceral pain. We made four lesions along the two tracks on either side of the cingulate cortex. Result : In all patients, pain reliefs after cingulotomy were dramatic and immediate. Five out of six patients did not require any opioids and one patient could reduce dose of opioids. There were no deaths or serious complications related to the procedure. Conclusion : These results suggested that a bilateral anterior cingulotomy might be useful method to control intractable cancer pain associated with the widespread metastatic disease. To provide rationale of bilateral anterior cingulotomy in intractable cancer pain, the theoretical mechanisms and role of bilateral anterior cingulotomy are discussed, along with our surgical techniques and the course of our patients.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.95-100
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• 1999

Background: About 75% of terminal cancer patients have severe pain. For the treatment of these patients, physicians usually use potent opioid analgesics. But many of the cancer patients were not controlled by IV or IM injection of opioids. In spite of the untreatable nature of the patient's illness, they should be hospitalized only for pain control. In that case, epidural opioid injection is one of the most effective methods in pain management. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 126 terminal cancer patients who were treated with epidural morphine for pain management from 1993-97. In the routine procedure, an epidural catheter was inserted into the epidural space and tunnelled subcutaneously, exiting out from the anterior chest or abdomen. Morphine was used as the main analgesic and Multiday Infusor$^{(R)}$ (Baxter, 0.5 ml/h) as a continuous infusion system. Results: 1. Mean treatment time was 55 days (range; 3~373). 2. Mean daily epidural start mg dose of morphine was 8 mg (range; 2~20). 3. Mean daily dose at termination was 19 mg (range; 4~60) 4. 94 patients were controlled with continuous infusion but 32 patients needed additional bolus doses of morphine. 5. heter-associated subcutaneous infection occurred in 2 patients (1.6%). Conclusion: Terminal cancer pain management administered by a tunnelled epidural catheter is a simple, inexpensive method with a very small rate of infection.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.56-60
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• 2009

More than 80% of cancer-related pain is pharmacologically controllable, whereas $10{\sim}20%$ of patients require interventional treatments. Neurolytic nerve block can play a major role in cancer pain treatment, and it has been proposed to prevent the development of pain and improve the quality of life of patients with cancer. If the pain is well localized and restricted to certain peripheral parts of the body, spinal peripheral or sympathetic nerve blocks may result in excellent therapeutic effects. Neurolytic sympathetic block, especially Celiac plexsus block (CPB) performed in earlier stages, is effective with successful long term results. However, selection of patients is critical for succeful outcomes. Neurolytic plexus block significantly improves the quality of life of patients and reduces abdominal and pelvic cancer pain, analgesic consumption and adverse opioids-related side effects. Interventional pain management should be considered at earlier stages to provide patients with the best quality of life possible.