• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.111-125
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• 2007

Objection : The aim of this study was to investigate anti-ischemic effect of LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture. Methods : I designed to investigate whether LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture affects cerebral hemodynamics [regional cerebral blood flow(rCBF), pial arterial diameter(PAD), mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) ] in normal and cerebral ischemia rats by MCA occlusion method, and to make manifest whether LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture is mediated by cyclooxygenase or guanylate cyclase. The changes of rCBF and MABP were determinated by laser-doppler flowmetry(LDF), and the change of PAD was determinated by video microscope and width analyzer. Results: The results were as follows ; 1. LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture was significantly increased rCBF, PAD, but decreased MABP after withdrawing of the needle. This results suggest that LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture induced significantly rCBF by dilating PAD. 2. Pretreatment with indomethacin (1mg/kg, i.v.) was significantly inhibited LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture induced increase of rCBF and PAD, but increased LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture induced decrease of MABP after withdrawing of the needle. 3. Pretreatment with methylene blue(10/${\mu}$g/kg, i.v.) was decreased LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture induced increase of rCBF and MABP, but accelerated LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture induced decrease of PAD. This results suggest that the mechanism of LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture is mediated by cyclooxygenase or guanylate cyclase. Conclusion : I suggest that LR1 ${\cdot}$ HT8 ${\cdot}$ HT9 Reinforcement in Acupuncture has an anti-ischemic effect through the improvement of cerebral hemodynamics, and the mechanism IS mediated by cyclooxygenase.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Pressure Vessels and Piping
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2022

When wall-thinning in a pipe occurs during operation of nuclear power plant, reinforcement of the pipe needs to be performed. Accordingly, the structural response of the piping system due to introduction of the reinforcement may be re-evaluated. For elastic structural analysis of the piping system with the reinforced pipe using finite element (FE) analysis, the stiffness of the reinforced pipe is needed. In this study, the stiffness matrix of wall-thinned pipe with pad reinforcement or composite reinforcement is analytically derived. The validity of the proposed equations is checked by comparing with systematic finite element (FE) analysis results.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2023

This study proposes an RCS composite damping device that can achieve seismic reinforcement of existing buildings by dissipating energy by inelastic deformation. A series of experiments assessing the performances of the rubber core pad, hysteretic steel slit damping device, and hybrid RCS damping device were conducted. The results showed that the ratios of the deviations to the mean values satisfied the domestic damping-device conformity condition for the load at maximum device displacement in each direction, at the maximum force and minimum force at zero displacement, as well as the hysteresis curve area. In addition, three analysis models based on load-displacement characteristics were proposed for application to seismic reinforcement design. In addition, the validity of the three proposed models was confirmed, as they simulated the experimental results well. Meanwhile, as the shear deformation of the rubber-core pad increased, the hysteretic behavior of super-elasticity greatly increased the horizontal force of the damping device. Therefore, limiting the allowable displacement during design is deemed to be necessary.

• Carbon letters
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.117-120
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• 2003

Asbestos is being replaced throughout the world among friction materials because of its carcinogenic nature. This has raised an important issue of heat dissipation in the non-asbestos brake pad materials being developed for automobiles etc. It has been found that two of the components i.e. carbon fibres as reinforcement and graphite powder as friction modifier, in the brake pad material, can playa vital role in this direction. The study reports the influence of these modifications on the thermal properties like coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) and thermal conductivity along with the mechanical properties of nonasbestos brake pad composite samples developed in the laboratory.

• Carbon letters
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2004

In spite of unparalleled combination of essential material properties for brake linings and clutch facings, replacement for asbestos is seriously called for since it is a health hazard. Once asbestos is replaced with other material then composition and properties of brake pad changes. In certain cases hardness of the material may be high enough to affect the rotor material. In this study, hardness of the brake pad has been controlled using suitable reinforcement materials like glass, carbon and Kevlar pulp. Brake pad formulations were made using CNSL (cashew net shell liquid) modified phenolic resin as a binder, graphite or cashew dust as a friction modifier and barium sulphate, talc and wollastonite as fillers. Influence of each component on the hardness value has been studied and a proper formulation has been arrived at to obtain hardness values around 35 on Scleroscopic scale. Friction and wear properties of the respective brake pad materials have been measured on a dynamometer and their performance was evaluated.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2016

In this study, an alternative bend design is proposed to overcome the aging problem in piping bends. In this design, the foam pad is not included. Finite element analysis was performed based on the total pipe diameter. From this analysis, the shape of the Shear Control Ring (SCR) was determined. Temperature, stress, and other data of the proposed reinforced pipe were acquired and analyzed after the test was performed. The value of the thermal stress for the reinforced steel pipe satisfied the required standard without the foam pad based on the manufacturing of the reinforced fitting and construction site of the test. The reinforcement provided a shear strength level for the foam pad that resulted in maximum shear stress less than stress based on the original foam pad applied at the pipe bend. Additionally, an increasing factor of safety effect for the reinforced fitting application was discovered.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.7-13
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• 2001

This Study is to investigate the influence of weld residual stresses on the fatigue crack growth behaviors in pressure ves-sel reinforcement. In order to perform this study, the automatically welded specimens are prepared. The material is ASTM A516 grade 60 steel used in pressure vessel mainly. For pad-on-plate of skip welding continuous welding and PWHT specimen, fatigue crack initiation is generally initiat-ed at weld starting and end toe zone, and ruptured at weld starting toe zone, Fatigue life if pad-on-plate continuous speci-men is increased more than that of pad-on-plate skip fillet welding specimene about 85% under low load, about 20% under high load, and decreased than that of two-pad continuous welding specimen about 85%. In da/dN-$\Delta$ Κ curve under low load, pad-on-plate skip fillet welding specimen showed retardation on the initial crack, and the fatigue crack growth rate at the low region of $\Delta$Κ greater specimene E(3.8{\times}10^{-6}$mm/cycle). And the fatigue life of welding specimen was smaller than that of PWHT specimen.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.738-755
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• 2023

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the production of jackets with high fit by comparing and analyzing the adhesive and non-adhesive production methods of men's jackets. An analysis of the manufacturing method showcased differences between the adhesive and non-adhesive manufacturing methods in the cutting and wick attachment method, the shape and attachment method of the chest reinforcing wick, the sleeve attachment method, and the shoulder pad and sleeve reinforcing cloth attachment method. In evaluating the outfit, the overall fit of the shoulder, the fit of the chest, and the fit of the armpit were found to be high in the non-adhesive production method. In evaluating appearance evaluation, the front shoulder, chest, and sleeve overall appearance showed a high non-adhesive production method. Therefore, in order to increase the wearability of the shoulder pad and the the attachment method of the upper sleeve reinforcing cloth, the non-adhesive production method should be used, and in order to increase the overall wearability and armpit wear of the chest, the difference in the attachment method, and the reinforcement method of the armhole should be used. In addition, to increase the appearance of the jacket, non-adhesive production methods such as differences in wick attachment methods, shoulder pads, sleeve reinforcing cloth, and sleeve attachment methods should be used.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.49-57
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• 2016

This study intended to analyze reinforcement effects of PSC I girder bridges to which prestresses are introduced using V type of external strands. So that series of bridge loading tests are carried out on existing PSC I girder bridge for the cases of before-reinforcement and reinforcement. The measured results from tests being analyzed and compared with the ones from MIDAS structural analyzing program, the reinforcing effects of the reinforcement system adopted in this study were investigated. It is found out that when the V type systems are applied to the bridge girders, the slope of load distribution factor curves become lower improving soundness of bridge upper structure. And also it is confirmed that the reinforcement system in this study can be taken as helpful for improvement of both flexural and shear ability of PSC I girder bridges, as well as dynamic behavior. Furthermore it is found when the elastic pads are applied to the system, dynamic reinforcing effects are maximized.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.329-337
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• 2019

We synthesized potassium titanates having splinter and plate shape and evaluated frictional and wear properties of brake pad using them as reinforcements in friction materials. For splinter-shaped potassium titanates, potassium tetratitanate (K₂O·4TiO₂, PT4) with plate shape was prepared, then K ion of the titanate was leached by acid to make potassium hexatitanate (K₂O·6TiO₂, PT6), which was transformed to splinter-shaped PT6 by thermal treatment at 800℃. Plate-shaped potassium magnesium titanate (K_0.8Mg_0.4Ti_1.6O₄, PMT) was prepared by adding Mg in the potassium titanate using KCl as a flux. Using PT6 and PMT as reinforcements in friction materials of brake pad, we evaluated frictional and wear properties using 1/5-scale dynamometer. According to dynamometer test results, both reinforcements shows similar friction coefficient and fade & recovery behavior to conventional material and plate-shaped PMT exhibits higher wear resistance than splinter-shaped PT6.