• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.309-309
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• 2000

The main objective of this study is to understand the regeneration step of the PTSA(Pressure and thermal swing adsorption) process below the atmospheric pressure by rigorous dynamic simulation. This target process is to recover toluene using activated carbon as an adsorbent. To do this, the dynamic simulations for the regeneration step are performed at 360, 490, 590mmHg and at high temperature after the simulation of the adsorption step at latm and 298K. A mathematical model was developed to simulate the column dynamics of the adsorption systems. This model is based on non-equilibrium, non-isothermal and non-adiabatic conditions, and axial dispersion and heat conduction are also considered. Heat transfer resistances are considered in gas-solid, gas-column wall and column wall-outside air. The LDF(Linear Driving Force) approximation model describes the mass transfer rate between the gas and solid phase. This study shows that the recovery of toluene by PTSA is more preferable than that by general TSA.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.99-103
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• 1991

The optimum conditions and rates of absorption of isobutylene in aqueous para-toluene sulfonic acid(PTSA) were studied experimentally in a stirred reactor. The effects of acid concentration(30-70 wt%), acid loading (0.3-5), mixing intensity(400-1000 rpm), and temperature ($20-80^{\circ}C$) on the absorption conditions were examined. The absorption rate of isobutylene was first order in isobutylene and variable order in PTSA concentrations. The apparent energy of activation was found to be 13 Kcal/mole.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2002

Various types of acids, such as mineral acids, organic acids, and organic sulfonic acids, were used as catalysts in order to investigate their effectiveness during phenol liquefaction of pine bark. Hydrochloric arid was the most effective acid catalyst of the mineral acids used in this experiment for the phenol liquefaction, but the amount of the acid needed for more than 90% liquefaction was at least 11 mmol. Among the carboxylic acids used triflouroacetic acid (TFA) was effective for the liquefaction, but it was not possible to obtain liquefaction of more than 80%. Organic sulfonic acids, p-toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) and methanesulfonic acid (MSA), showed remarkable effects for liquefaction, even in small amounts and at low liquefaction temperatures. Especially in the case of PTSA, a 92% liquefaction yield was obtained at the liquefaction condition of 14$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 h. Therefore, it was evident that the PTSA is a good acid catalyst for the phenol-pine bark liquefaction system.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.300-306
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• 2006

The esterification of palmitic acid in rapeseed oil and methanol emulsified by propylene glycol with PTSA(p-toluene sulfonic acid) was followed by the transesterification of rapeseed oil into biodiesel with 1(w/v)% GMS(glycerol monostearate) as an emulsifier using TMAH(tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide) catalysts at $60^{\circ}C$. The former reaction was optimized at the 1:20 of molar ratio of oil to methanol and 5wt% PTSA, and the latter was optimized at the 1:8 of molar ratio of oil to methanol and 0.8wt% TMAH. The overall conversion into biodiesel was 98% after 60min of reaction time at the 1:8 of molar ratio, 0.8wt% TMAH and $60^{\circ}C$. TMAH was a good catalyst to control the viscosity of biodiesel mixture.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.1340-1343
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• 2008

최근 인터넷기반의 멀티미디어 서비스의 발전에 힘입어 기존의 IP망을 코어 네트워크로 사용하는 이종망간의 통합서비스가 주를 이루고 있다. 이에 따른 사용자들의 요구로 고품질 멀티미디어 데이터 서비스 지원의 QoS와 멀티미디어 서비스를 끊김없는 이동성(Seamless Mobility)에 대해서 지원할 수 있는 핸드오버기법이 필수적이게 되었다. 이중 끊김없는 이동성 지원하기 위해 MIP(Mobile IP)기법이 제안되었고, 이를 향상시킨 FMIP(Fast Handover for. MIP), HMIP(Hierarchical MIP) 그리고 PMIP(Proxy MIP)까지 제안되었다. 본 논문에서는 IMS망의 P-CSCF의 SIP프로토콜과 PMIP핸드오버 기법을 연동하는 PTSA(PMIP To SIP Agent)를 두어 IMS망에서 적용할 수 있는 향상된 PMIP 핸드오버 기법을 제안한다.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.55 no.1
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• pp.14-18
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• 2011

Esterification of methacrylic acid with ethylene glycol was carried out over Heteropolyacids [HPA: $H_4SiW_{12}O_{40}$ (STA) and $H_3PW_{12}O_{40}$ (PTA)] supported on ZSM-5. For comparison, the same reaction was carried out over unsupported HPA, $H_2SO_4$, $BF_3$ and PTSA. Among the catalysts studied, HPA showed better activity compared to $H_2SO_4$, $BF_3$ and PTSA. Catalytic activity was compared with HPA supported ZSM-5 catalysts. Typical results indicated that 30 wt% PTA supported on ZSM-5 showed nearly the same activity as that of bulk PTA. It was found that the reaction follows first order kinetics with respect to methacrylic acid. The reaction products were identified by $^1H$-NMR and FT-IR.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.35 no.11
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• pp.3366-3368
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• 2014

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.39 no.2
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• pp.103-110
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• 1995

Phenylthio substituted 14-membered lactone(23) which can serve as a precursor of a potential antitumor antibiotics (6), was successfully prepared. The synthesis of the lactone was accomplished via lactonization of the corresponding enediyne hydroxy acid (22). This hydroxy acid was derived from Pd(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction of methyl pentynoate and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene followed by another Pd(0)-catalyzed coupling reaction of the resulting methyl chloroenyne ester (20) and enyneol (17). The required enyne alcohol was successfully synthesized from vinyltin compound (12) in good overall yield.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.351-357
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• 2008

In order to develope an efficient way for the synthesis of highly pure 1,4-sorbitan solution from sorbitol, some experimental studies were performed. The reaction showed first order reaction with activation energy of 118.3 KJ/mol. Color of the product solutions changed to brown with reaction temperature and reaction time. The equilibrium contents of 1,4-sorbitan increased with decrease in reaction pressure, but the content of major impurity, sorbide, showed maximum about 550 torr vacuum with $H_3PO_4$ catalyst. The reasonable catalyst configuration was 0.26 wt% PTSA and 1 wt% $H_3PO_2$ and optimum reaction temperature and pressure range was $110\sim120^{\circ}C$ and $700\sim720$ torr vacuum, respectively. At optimum reaction conditions, we could obtain white product solutions of highly pure 1,4-sorbitan with sorbide less than 10 wt%. This white product solution is advantageous for preparation of high quality span, anti-fogging agent.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.247-256
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• 1989

4-Acetyl-5,6-dihydro-2-methyl-1,4-thiazine carboxylic acid derivatives 24 were prepared by ring expansion of corresponding thiazolidine sulfoxides. Oxidation of 2-methyl-1,3-thiazolidine-2-acetic acid derivatives 12 gave a mixture of cis and trans sulfoxides, 14 and 15. Assignments of the cis and trans sulfoxides were based on the $^1HNMR$ and IR spectroscopy and regioselectivity of deuterium exchange reaction. With PTSA as acid catalyst both the cis and trans sulfoxide, 14 and 15 were transformed via sulfenic acid 18 to dihydro-1,4-thiazine 24. However, under the neutral conditions (in DMF at $100^{\circ}C$) the trans sulfoxides 15 rearranged via sulfenic acid 21 to isomeric dihydrothiazines 27. The mechanism of formations of 24 and 27 is also discussed.