• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.1531-1537
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• 2021

The quality of the game can be evaluated by its fun and functional stability. Among them, the quality area for fun is the essence of the game, so it is a very important factor to be considered from the point of view of a game designer. Usually, fun games with high originality and immersion are designed in the early stages of development, such as idea generation and concept setting. At this time, making it possible to verify the fun factor of the game has an important influence on the success of the game. In this study, the case of using PIT technique when teaching fun element design to students who are starting to study game design was introduced and the effect was analyzed. It is expected that the PIT technique will be used more actively in the game design education field for high-quality and fun game design.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1023-1031
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• 2010

With recent advances in hardware and wireless communication techniques, wireless multimedia sensor network which collects multimedia data through wireless sensor network has started to receive a lot of attentions from many researchers. Wireless multimedia sensor network requires a research of efficient compression and transmission to process the multimedia data which has large size, in the wireless sensor network that has very low network bandwidth. In this paper, we propose PIT protocol for the transmission based on the priority that classified by the DPCM compression. The PIT protocol sets different priority to the each subbands which are divided by the wavelet transform. The PIT protocol transmits the data with higher priority to guarantee the high image quality. The PIT protocol uses the characteristic of wavelet transform that the transformed image is very insensible to the data loss. In PIT protocol, each subbands of wavelet transformed image has fair weight in the compressed image to utilize the prioriy based transmission. The experiment results show that the PIT protocol improves the quality of image in spite of data loss.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39B no.11
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• pp.743-754
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• 2014

Recently, Information-Centric Networking(ICN), different from traditional IP-based networking, has been highlighted. Content-Centric Networking(CCN), proposed by Van Jacobson, is a representative scheme of the ICN architectures. It can deliver messages slightly faster than the IP-based networking by focusing on the access and delivery to the content itself. However, CCN is restricted to distribute the information without transmitting the request packet in advance because it is pull-based architecture by content requester. In addition, it has a problem that the Pending Interest Table(PIT) could be overloaded easily when DDoS attack happens. In this paper, we suggest an algorithm using a push-based scheme without request packets and overcoming PIT overload situation by Interest Group Push Table(IGPT). The proposed scheme enables to transmit a large amount of content than an existing scheme during the same amount of time in terms of timely-delivery and security.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.165-173
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• 2014

Open-pit mining method, is safe relatively work as compared with underground mining. And high yield, low production cost, has the advantage that it can provide a lot of production. But deforestation, tailings and slag deposition, mineral debris, dust, water, noise, land subsidence, sediment runoff discharge, I have internalized environmental disaster predisposing factors, such as landslides. Thus, it may be noted, also by typical environmental regulations. We try to deal with the changes in open pit terrain and environment related issues. Then, use the recovery period and the open pit mine and ecology off the gun, environment-friendly development of accurate monitoring methods, systems of this development is required. The use of open platforms and open source GIS tools have been developed during this period, it needs to develop spatial information environment monitoring system open pit mine construction.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.1495-1505
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• 2014

The objective of this study was to evaluate survival rate and fish movement (migration) using a tagging approach of passive integrated transponder (PIT) in Juksan Weir, which was constructed as a four major river restoration projects. For this study, survival rates of each fish species and the mobility of fish individuals were analyzed during 2 weeks by the insertion of PIT tags to various fish species in the laboratory. According to tagging tests in the laboratory, the survival rate 37.5% (30 survivals of 80 individuals) after the insertion of PIT tags. The survival rate of Carassius auratus and Hemibarbus labeo was 100% and 80% after the insertion of the tags, respectively, whereas it was only 13.3% for Zacco platypus. In the field experiments of Juksan Weir, 6 species and 157 individuals from 8 species (563 individuals) were detected in the fixed automatic data-logging system, indicating a detection rate of 27.9% in the fishway of Juksan Weir. In the meantime, some species with no or low detection rates in the fixed automatic data-logging system were turn out to be stagnant-type species, which prefer stagnant or standing water to live.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.43 no.10
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• pp.921-932
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• 2010

In this study, the adjustment processes of the disturbed channels by sand or gravel mining were investigated by a two dimensional numerical model in the generalized coordinate system. As a numerical scheme, the CIP (cubic interpolated pseudoparticle method) method was used to calculate the advection term in the flow field and central difference method was used to the diffusion term in it. The pit of the channel was partially filled with sediment at the toe of the pit upstream. As time increased, the headcut erosion upstream in the pit was decreased due to the sediment inflow. The almost inflow sediment upstream was trapped into the pit and the sediment deposit wedge migrated downstream in the pit with the steep submerged angle of repose. The numerical model was reproduced well the evolution processes of the channel. The mining pit migrated with speed as the channel was steep, and the numerical results were in overall agreement with the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.346-355
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• 2014

Confocal reflection microscopy (CRM) was utilized to create 3-dimensional images of bordered pits and cell wall in the tracheid of Korean red pine (Pinus densiflora). Ultrastructures of torus, margo, and pit border were clearly observable in the CRM micrograph. Micrograph of cross-field pit revealed the connecting and supporting structure between tracheid and ray parenchyma cell. The CRM micrographs enabled to investigate detailed structures of tracheid cell wall such as S1, S2, S3 layers, transition layers between these layers, and microfibril (MF) orientation in S3 and S2 layers as well as complicated distribution of MF orientation around bordered pits. Not only concentric MF orientation of border thickening in the pit border was observed, but also changes in MF orientation from the cell wall to the border. From the experimental results, the CRM was thought to be a versatile microtechnique to investigate detailed structures of cell wall and bordered pit in the tracheid and cross-field pit between tracheid and ray parenchyma cell.

• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.243-255
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• 2010

The slope design of an open-pit mine must consider economical efficiency and stability. Thus, the overall slope angle is the principal factor because of limited support or reinforcement options available in such a setting. In this study, slope displacement, as monitored by a GPS system, was analyzed for a coal mine at Pasir, Indonesia. Predictions of failure time by inverse velocity analysis showed good agreement with field observations. Therefore, the failure time of an unstable slope can be roughly estimated prior to failure. A GIS model that combines fuzzy theory and the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) was developed to assess slope instability in open-pit coal mines. This model simultaneously considers seven factors that influence the instability of open-pit slopes (i.e., overall slope gradient, slope height, surface flows, excavation plan, tension cracks, faults, and water body). Application of the proposed method to an open-pit coal mine revealed an enhanced prediction accuracy of failure time and failure site compared with existing methods.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.59-70
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to review that the VE techniques can be used as a selection tool of borrow pit locations. The analysis of the soil investigation report is performed for the selection of proposed borrow pit site on a large-scale residential development area. Possible earthwork volume of mining is estimated and the weighting matrix evaluation is applied to the VE techniques. After determining the evaluation items for VE assessment, important degree was calculated. The Rating and evaluation of performance is carried out on a proposed borrow pit site. And, development priority has to be decided for a proposed borrow pit sites. As a result, the relative construction cost is closely related to the haulage distance. As the haulage distance increases, the relative construction cost will be increased. Therefore, it was confirmed quantitatively that haulage distance has a significant impact on the select of borrow pits. Also, it was found that the condition of borrow pits itself is important, but it cannot be ignored the impact of the life cycle cost for the selection of optimal borrow pit sites.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.5 no.3 s.15
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• pp.45-50
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• 2001

Open rack vaporizer (ORV) has been used in liquefied natural gas (LNG) receiving terminal in order to vaporize LNG into natural gas (NG) by heat exchange with seawater The U-type ORV which had been operated with seawater for 14 years is one of the important utilities of the gas production and the weld part of tube connected with header_ pipe had experienced many corrosion problems. To elucidate the cause of corrosion at weld part of vaporizer tube, corrosion potentials were compared by parts. This study concerns on the measurement of corrosion pit depth using non-destructive method and the evaluation of stress distribution in an aspect of safety with finite element analysis. In order to confirm the reliability of galvanic corrosion between weld parts and base metal, the measurement of corrosion potential by parts was conducted for 20 minutes in 3.5$\%$(wt.) NaCl solution. Many non-destructive methods were tried to measure the remaining thickness of vaporizer tube at fields. For general corrosion, tangential radiography test was confirmed as an effective method. In case of a fine corrosion pit, the shape of corrosion pit was reproduced using surface replication method. From collected data, stress distributions were quantitatively evaluated with 2-dimensional finite element method and the diagnostic evaluation on internal pressure of the U-type vaporizer could be made.