• 한국축산시설환경학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.215-226
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• 2010

본 연구는 목편살수여상 pilot 장치를 설치하여 스크레파 축사에서 배출되는 뇨오수를 원수로 사용하여 가동한 후 침출액비를 공시재료로 하여 상추 양액재배 시험을 실시하였다. 처리구는 침출액비 (SL) 단독처리구, 침출 액비+어분 (SL+FM), 침출액비+골분 (SL+BM), 침출액비+게껍질 (SL+CS) 혼합처리구. 침출 액비+부산물 (SL+FM+BM+CS) 혼합처리구, 대조구로 원예연 상추양액 (NS) 처리구 등 6개 처리구를 두었다. 침출액비와 부산물 혼합처리 후 전기전도도와 pH를 조정하여 상추의 양액재배를 실시한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 목편살수여상 처리 과정중 pH는 처리 시작전 7.3에서 처리 후 8.5로 상승하였다. 전기전도도 (EC)는 처리전 17.05 mS/cm에서 처리 후 30일에는 9.7 mS/cm로 낮아졌다. 2. 침출액비는 부유물질 (SS)이 낮아 수경 재배시 관배수의 막힘문제 없이 활용이 가능하였다. 침출액비는 양분조성에서 칼륨함량이 높고 인산 함량이 낮았다. 3. 침출액비시용구 (SL)의 상추수량은 원예 연 표준양액재배 대비 75%를 나타내어 25% 수량저하를 나타내었다. 침출액비을 어분. 골분. 게껍질을 혼합한 처리구는 대조구 대비 85%. 79%. 80% 수량을 나타내어 어분의 첨가 효과가 가장 높았다. 침출액비와 어분 혼합액은 침출액비 단독처리구 보다 10% 증수를 나타내어 유기양액의 대체 원료로 사용이 가능 할 것으로 보인다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.172-178
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• 2002

The present study examined whether treatment of in vitro matured pig oocytes with calcium ionophore (A23187) could prevent polyspermic penetration in vitro. When oocytes cultured for maturation for 33, 36 or 44 h were subsequently treated with $50{\mu}M$ A23187 in medium with fetal calf serum (FCS) for 1, 2 and 3 h and then cultured for 12 h without spermatozoa, virtually no activation occurred. In the absence of FCS, however, 31-42, 45-49 and 56-64% of oocytes were activated, respectively. When oocytes treated with $50 {\mu}M$ A23187 in medium with FCS for 3 h were inseminated in vitro, the penetration rates (14-57%) were lower (p<0.01) with a higher (p<0.01) incidence (35-67%) of monospermy compared with untreated oocytes (69-80% penetration and 15-17% monospermy). However, sperm penetration was completely blocked in all oocytes treated with A23187 in the absence of FCS. When oocytes matured for 33 h were treated with different concentrations of A23187 for 3 h and inseminated in vitro, the penetration rate did not change but there was an increased incidence (p<0.05) of monospermy at $10-20{\mu}M$ and $2.5-5{\mu}M$ A23187 in the presence and absence of FCS, respectively, compared with at $0{\mu}M$ A23187. With these lower concentrations of A23187, treatment of oocytes for at least 60 and 30 min in the presence and absence of FCS, respectively, was required to increase the incidence of monospermy without reducing penetration rate. These results indicate that a high concentration ($50{\mu}M$) of A23187 in medium without FCS, but not in medium with FCS, stimulated in vitro matured pig oocytes to induce parthenogenetic activation and a complete block to sperm penetration in vitro. However, treatment of oocytes with lower concentrations of A23187 ( $10-20{\mu}M$ and $2.5-5{\mu}M$) both in the presence and absence of FCS maintained sperm penetration in vitro and increased the incidence of monospermy.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.301-304
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro intracellular and extracellular minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of 13 antimicrobials against one recently isolate Lawsonia intracellularis, the etiological agent of proliferative enteropathy (PE). The final MICs were assessed by counting the number of heavily infected cells (HICs;>30 bacteria per cell) using an immunoperoxidase monolayer assay. Enrofloxacin (InMIC; 1~2 ㎍/mL and ExMIC; 16 ㎍/mL) still presented the most notable antimicrobial susceptibility, and marbofloxacin (2 ㎍/mL and 8 ㎍/mL) was followed. Colistin (0.25 ㎍/mL and 2 ㎍/mL) presented a susceptibility followed by tylvalosin (1 ㎍/mL and 2 ㎍/mL). Florfenicol and lincomycin had the weakest susceptibility and amoxicillin, penicillin G, chlortetracycline, oxytetracycline, tiamulin, tilmicosin, and tylosin displayed weak susceptibility. Although some antibiotics showed decreased susceptibility patterns, they showed similar patterns to recent antibiotic susceptibility patterns in Korea. In addition, these results could be one of contributions in clinical fields.

• 약학회지
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• 제35권3호
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• pp.165-173
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• 1991

Effects of eight flavonoids and their related compounds on leukocytes migration, superoxide anion production and lipid peroxidation in the phagocytosis of latex beads or E. coli by guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells were studied in vitro. It shows that most of flavonoids generally inhibited the leukocytes migration and production of superoxide anion and malonedialdehydes. Their inhibitory activities in the phagocytosis of latex beads had more active than that of E. coli. Quercetin has the most inhibitory activity in leukocytes migration and production of superoxide anion and lipid peroxides at the concentration of 1, 2 and 10 $\mu{M}$. Catechin and rutin at the concentration of 2 and 10 $\mu{M}$ inhibited significantly the production of superoxide anion and lipid peroxides. Flavone, catechin, naringin and rutin at the concentration of 2 and 10 $\mu{M}$ inhibited significantly the leukocytes migration.

• 대한약리학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.153-165
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• 1994

In this study, we tested the influences of several ${\kappa}$ opioid ligands on the $[^3H]diprenorphine$ binding in rat and guinea pig cortex membrane preparations. Using paradigm to block ${\mu}\;and\;{\delta}$ opioid receptors with $DAMGO(1{\mu}M)$ and $DPDPE(1{\mu}M)$, $[^3H]diprenorphine$ labeled ${\kappa}$ sites. Competition analysis in both rat and guinea pig cortex has shown a single population of $[^3H]diprenorphine$ binding site with different Kd values, respectively. There is a significant difference in Ki values of (-) WIN44441 and (+)WIN44441 in both rat and guinea pig cortex. Bremazocine, (-)ethylketocyclazocine, (-)cyclazocine, nor-binaltorphimine effectively inhibited the $[^3H]diprenorphine$ binding with different Ki values in rat and guinea pig cortex. U-69,593, U-50,488H and dynorphine-A (1-8) did not inhibit the $[^3H]diprenorphine$ binding in rat but in guinea pig cortex. Nor-binaltorphimine was a ligand discriminate the ${\kappa}_1$, and ${\kappa}_2$ receptor most effectively. We, also, examined the influence of Na ion and $GTP{\gamma}S$, a nonhydrolyzable guanine nucleotide analog, on the inhibition of $[^3H]diprenorphine$ binding by diprenorphine, (-)ethyl-ketocyclazocine, U-69,593 and bremazocine. By the replacement of NaCl with N-methy-D-glucamine or addition of $GTP{\gamma}S$, Ki values of diprenorpnine were not changed and that of ethylketocyclazocine were changed significantly in both rat and guinea pig cortex. The Ki value of bremazocine was decreased by removal of Na ion, and increased by $GTP{\gamma}S$, however, was not changed by any one of either. These results suggest that there are 2 kinds of subtypes of ${\kappa}$ opioid receptor, ${\kappa}_1$, and ${\kappa}_2$, showing different Ki values for various ${\kappa}$ opioid ligands, also, bremazocine possess the antagonistic property at ${\kappa}_2$ site which is dominant subtype of K receptor in rat cortex.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.112-117
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• 2008

돈분액비의 처리량이 배추 건중량 및 질소와 인의 이용률, 그리고 유거와 용탈에 의한 질소와 인의 유출 특성에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 포트실험을 하였다. 작물은 토양에 돈분액비를 0, 6, 12, $18L\;pot^{-1}$ 처리한 후 50일 동안 재배하였다. 돈분액비 시비에 의해 배추의 건중량은 증가하였고 $12L\;pot^{-1}$ 처리하였을 경우 가장 크게 증가하였다. 그러나 돈분액비를 $18L\;pot^{-1}$ 처리하였을 경우 배추 건중량은 감소하였다. 이는 돈분액비의 과다시비로 토양의 염도가 증가했기 때문이라고 판단된다. 돈분액비를 $18L\;pot^{-1}$로 처리한 토양의 EC(1:5)는 $0.28dS\;m^{-1}$로 다른 처리구보다 유의적으로 높았다. 용탈수와 유거수에서 질소와 인의 농도는 돈분액비의 시비량이 증가함에 높아졌다. 작물의 생육을 증가시키면서 수계로의 비점오염원의 유출을 최소화하는 것을 고려할 때, 본 연구는 돈분액비를 농업적으로 이용하기 위해서는 작물과 지역의 특성을 고려한 적절한 시비량을 설정하는 것이 필요하다고 제안한다.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.123-134
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• 2002

본 실험은 우리 나라에 무분별하게 시설되어 있는 무창자돈사의 환기시스템을 네 종류(NA : 천공비닐 입기구 $\rightarrow$ 지붕배기, NB : 천공비닐 입기구 $\rightarrow$ 측벽 배기, NC : 덕트천공 입기 $\rightarrow$ 측벽 배기 및 ND : 덕트천공 입기 $\rightarrow$ 지붕 배기)로 대별하여 적정 환기시스템을 정립하고자 환기 및 현장실험을 통하여 검증하고자 하였다. 실험은 겨울철과 여름철로 나누어 실시하였으며, 돈사 현장실험은 서울대학교 농업생명과학대학 부속동물목장 축산환경실의 실험돈사에서 겨울철(12월-2월)과 여름철(6월-8월)로 나누어 실시하였다. 1. 각 돈방에 공기가 입기될 수 있는 덕트이기 때문에 여름철 예비실험 결과 NC시스템은 각 돈방 전체에서 덕트 천공 아래(상부)의 공기속도는 7.0-8.08 m/s, 1.2 m (중앙)지점에서는 0.5 m/s 이상, 자돈체고(하부)에서는 0.2 m/s 이상 감지되어 다른 시스템에 비하여 우수하였다(p$<$0.05). 2. 최소환기 수준인 겨울철 예비실험 결과 NC 시스템은 NA, NB, ND와 달리 덕트 천공아래(상부)의 공기속도는 1 m/s 이상, 1.2 m(중앙) 지점에서는 0.5 m/s 이하, 자돈체고(하부)에서는 평균 0.07 m/s 정도 감지되었다. 이상의 실험결과를 종합해 볼 때 무창 자돈사의 환기시스템은 덕트를 통한 각 돈방의 개별 환기시스템이 적합한 것으로 판단되며, 배기시스템은 지붕배기보다는 측벽배기가 효율이 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 자돈의 보온을 위한 보조열원에 있어서는 에너지 낭비를 줄일 수 있도록 과도한 열량의 소모를 막기 위한 조절기의 개발이 연계된 환기 제어시스템의 연구가 진행되어야 한다고 생각된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.704-711
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• 2020

Objective: Muscle fiber types, numbers and area are crucial aspects associated with meat production and quality. However, there are few studies of pig muscle fibre traits in terms of the detection power, false discovery rate and confidence interval precision of whole-genome quantitative trait loci (QTL). We had previously performed genome scanning for muscle fibre traits using 183 microsatellites and detected 8 significant QTLs in a White Duroc×Erhualian F₂ population. The confidence intervals of these QTLs ranged between 11 and 127 centimorgan (cM), which contained hundreds of genes and hampered the identification of QTLs. A whole-genome sequence imputation of the population was used for fine mapping in this study. Methods: A whole-genome sequences association study was performed in the F₂ population. Genotyping was performed for 1,020 individuals (19 F₀, 68 F₁, and 933 F₂). The whole-genome variants were imputed and 21,624,800 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified and examined for associations to 11 longissimus dorsi muscle fiber traits. Results: A total of 3,201 significant SNPs comprising 7 novel QTLs showing associations with the relative area of fiber type I (I_RA), the fiber number per square centimeter (FN) and the total fiber number (TFN). Moreover, one QTL on pig chromosome 14 was found to affect both FN and TFN. Furthermore, four plausible candidate genes associated with FN (kinase non-catalytic C-lobe domain containing [KNDC1]), TFN (KNDC1), and I_RA (solute carrier family 36 member 4, contactin associated protein like 5, and glutamate metabotropic receptor 8) were identified. Conclusion: An efficient and powerful imputation-based association approach was utilized to identify genes potentially associated with muscle fiber traits. These identified genes and SNPs could be explored to improve meat production and quality via marker-assisted selection in pigs.

• 한국축산식품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국축산식품학회 2003년도 제31차 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.156-156
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• 2003

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.468-470
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• 2001

Chitosan-alginate capsules were formed by the electrostatic interactions and had appropriate mechanical strength, permeability to albumin and stability to hepatocyte. Pig hepatocytes were isolated and immobilized in chitosan-alginate capsules. Encapsulation in 3 minutes and spheroid formation period of 24 hours were optimum condition for the high liver function. Pig hepatocytes density of $90.{\times}10^6$ cells/mL in capsules was suitable for the application to bioartificial liver support system.