• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한용접접합학회 1996년도 특별강연 및 추계학술발표 개요집
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• pp.148-152
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• 1996

A transient two-dimensional (2D) model was developed for investigating the heat and fluid flow in old pools and determining velocity profile and temperature distribution for the Gas Metal Arc (GMA) welding process. The mathematical formulation deals with the driving farces (electromagnetic, buoyancy, surface tension and plasma drag forces) as well as energy exchange between the molten filler metal droplet and weld pools. A general thermofluid-mechanics computer program, PHOENICS, was employed to numerically solve the governing equation with the associated source terms. The results of computation have shown that the electromagnetic and surface tension farces as will as the molten filler metal droplet have major influence in shaping the weld pool geometry.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.164-171
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• 2006

Numerical modeling of the flow velocity fields for the near corona wire electrohydrodynamic (EHD) flow was conducted. The steady, two-dimensional momentum equations have been computed for a wire-plate type electrostatic precipitator (ESP). The equations were solved in the conservative finite-difference form on a fine uniform rectilinear grid of sufficient resolution to accurately capture the momentum boundary layers. The numerical procedure for the differential equations was used by SIMPLEST algorithm. The Phoenics (Version 3.5.1) CFD code, coupled with Poisson's electric field, ion transport equations and the momentum equation with electric body force were used for the numerical simulation and the Chen-Kim ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulent model numerical results that an EHD secondary flow was clearly visible in the downstream regions of the corona wire despite the low Reynolds number for the electrode ($Re_{cw}=12.4$). Secondary flow vortices caused by the EHD increases with increasing discharge current or EHD number, hence pressure drop of ESP increases.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.162-169
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• 2016

When we construct a road near an apartment complex, we consider a soundproof wall. To make residential places quieter, we may consider a soundproof road tunnel. Such a tunnel, however, would become highly concentrated with soot from vehicles whenever a traffic jam might occur. To create an optimum design, this study utilizes the PHOENICS-VR software. The work considers three cases: (1) no openings (2) openings at 30m intervals, and (3) openings at 60m intervals on the upper side of the tunnel. The study finds that in the second case shows CO concentration distributions were 15% less than those without openings. And the CO concentration distributions of the second and third cases are almost the same. The findings suggest that we should make the soundproof tunnel to reduce construction fees.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제20권B호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2000

A numerical study is done on the thrust vector control using gaseous secondary injection in the rocket nozzle. A commercial code, PHOENICS, is used to simulate the rocket nozzle flow. A $45^{\circ}-15^{\circ}$ conical nozzle is adopted to do numerical experiments. The flow in a rocket nozzle is assumed a steady, compressible, viscous flow. The exhaust gas of the rocket motor is used as an injectant to control the thrust vector of rocket at the constant rate of secondary injection flow. The injection location which is on the wall of rocket is chosen as a primary numerical variable. Computational results say that if the injection position is too close to nozzle throat, the reflected shock occurs. On the other hand, the more mass flow rate of injection is needed to get enough side thrust when the injection position is moved too far from the throat.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제20권B호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2000

The purpose of this research is to find out how the inlet angle of secondary air affects the formation of recirculation zone inside a small incinerator. A commercial code, PHOENICS, is used to simulate the flow field of an incinerator. The computational grid system is constructed by Multi-Block technique. Numerical experiments are done with the five different angles of secondary air inlet. The formation of recirculation zone is evaluated by checking velocity fields. The computational results show that recirculation zone is clearly formed from 60 degree of inlet angle and the zone of recirculation is widen as angle of recirculation is increased to $75^{\circ}$.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제23권A호
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• pp.9-13
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• 2003

Numerical experiments are done by a commercial code, PHOENICS to evaluate the backlayer phenomenon of smoke in case of the road tunnel fire. The independent and dependent variables are ventilation air velocity and the length of backlayer of smoke respectively. Hybrid scheme and ${\kappa}-{\varepsilon}$ turbulence model are adopted in the simulation process and mass residual is used as a convergence criterion. The experimental results say that the length of backlayer is reduced with the increase of ventilating air velocity and that there is a critical air velocity which prevents from the onset of backlayering phenomena. One finds that there is a fresh air region near the bottom of tunnel which could make the passenger escape safely from the polluted region by smoke. These phenomena come from the vertical stratification of the smoke air mixture in the tunnel.

• 한국공작기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국공작기계학회 1999년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.111-116
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• 1999

Over the last few years, there has been a growing interest in quantitative representation of heat transfer and fluid flow phenomena in weld pools in order to relate the processing conditions to the quality of the weldment produced and to use this information for the optimization and robotization of the welding process. Normally, a theoretical model offers a powerful alternative to estimate the important input parameters and to calculate the effects of varying any of parameters. To solve this problem, a transient 2D(two-dimensional) heat conduction and a transient 2D axisymmetric heat and fluid model were developed for determining weld bead geometry and temperature distribution for the GMA(Gas Metal Arc) welding process. The equation was solved using a general thermofluid-mechanics computer program, PHOENICS code, which is based on the SIMPLE algorithm. The simulation results showed that the calculated bead geometry from two developed models reasonably agree with the experiment result.

• 태양에너지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 자연형 태양열 시스템의 하나인 축열벽형(Trombe Wall System)에 대한 전산해석을 수행하였다. 자연대류가 있는 2차원 정상상태 층류 해석모형을 설정하고, 상용 유동해석 프로그램인 PHOENICS를 이용하여 형상 변화가 성능에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 주된 인자인 통기구 넓이, 벽 간격, 통기구 위치에 따라 질량유속, 최고온도 등이 변하여 각각의 경우에 열활용율이 최대가 되는 조건이 있음을 보이고, 세가지 인자를 모두 고려한 더욱 정밀한 해석을 통하여 최적의 형상을 제시하였다.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 1999년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.13-18
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• 1999

기존의 공조방식 및 본 연구에서 제안한 개별환경제어시스템(PEM)으로부터 열유체 유동 헤석용 PHOENICS 프로그램을 이용하여 3차원 시뮬레이션을 수행하여 재실자가 거주하고 있는 CR(컴퓨터실)에서의 Heat Gain과 재실자 온열성 특성을 감성공학적 측면에서 분석하였다. 본 연구로부터 바닥으로부터 공기를 유입하여 천정으로 유출하는 바닥취출공조방식이 실내 환경 개선에 유리하고 diffuser만을 통하여 공기가 유입되어 천정과 바닥으로 공기가 유출되는 PEM 방식은 열적 냉각 성능은 좋으나 PC와 재실자 주변에 강력한 재순환 유동이 발생되어 실내 환경의 쾌적성 측면에서는 불리하나 PEM과 TAM방식의 결합이 감성공학적 온열특성 분포로부터 CR실의 재실자 주변 온도 분포에 최적임을 알 수 있다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.122-126
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• 2017

태양열 에너지를 이용하여 단순한 형태의 공기가열식 집열기를 이용하여 공기를 가열하고 이를 활용하여 생활공간의 난방문제를 해결하기 위한 장치를 개발하는데 목적을 두고 진행되고 있다. 현 시점에서 연구는 모델로 개발한 공기가열식 태양열에너지 집열기의 크기 변화에 따른 가용한 에너지의 량을 이론적으로 산출해 보고 이를 통해 개발 시스템의 가능성을 판단하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 공기가열식 태양열 집열기의 공기가열성능을 판단하기 위하여, 특정 크기의 태양열 집열기에 일정한 일사량을 투하하였을 때, 모델 집열기 내부에서의 열전달 특성변화와 이를 통해 생산되는 공기의 온도($^{\circ}C$)와 생산량(kg/h)을, 유한체적법(Finite Volume Method)을 적용한 범용 열유동해석(CFD) 프로그램인 영국 CHAM사의 PHOENICS(1)를 이용하여, 분석한 결과를 구하였다. 분석한 결과에서 알 수 있듯이 집열기의 크기가 ($1.2m{\times}1.1m{\times}0.19m$)의 집열기에서 알루미늄으로 제작하는 내경 0.1m의 공기 가열관을 이용하여 가열할 수 있는 공기의 온도는 약 $40.5^{\circ}C$이며 이때 생산되는 공기의 생산량은 약 $161m^3/h$으로 산출되었다. 본 모델장치는 충분히 태양의 열에너지를 이용하여 실내공간의 온도를 인간이 활동하기에 적합한 활동의 환경을 유지하는데 활용할 수 있다고 판단된다.