• Title/Summary/Keyword: PDT

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A Study on a KTP Crystal Laser System for a Cancer Using P.D.T. (KTP 크리스탈을 이용한 PDT용 레이저 시스템 개발)

  • Kim, Byoung-Mun;Nam, Hyo-Duk;Kim, Byoung-Chul
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2004.07b
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    • pp.631-634
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    • 2004
  • The method that exists in Photodynamic Therapy uses Photosensibility drug strongly Influencing tumour accumulation together with photochemical laser effect and makes the structure of tumour be localized and become extinct. The intracavity transformation of the Nd :YAP main radiation 1079 nm was Raman converted in barium nitrate crystal and the Stokes frequency (1216 nm) was doubled using KTP or RTA crystals. The LiF or Cr:YAG crystals are used for the Q-switch. The radiation Parameters were obtained at 100 Hz pump repetition frequency. The average power at 608 nm radiation with LiF and KTP was 700 mW at multi-mode generation. The 3-6 single 10-15 ns pulses were generated during one cycle of pumping. The doubling efficiency with RTA was two times more than with KTP. The cells of Ehrlich adenocarcinoma (0.1 ml) were i.m. implanted in hind thighs of ICR white non-imbred mice. The cells were preliminarily diluted in medium 199 in the ratio of 1 to 5. HpD was intravenous administered in a dose of 10 mg/kg. The left clean-shaven hind leg was irradiated with laser light 21-27 hours after the administration of the preparation. The right non-Irradiated leg of each animal served as a control. The animals with the transplanted tumor that were not injected with HpD sewed as a control to estimate the complex effect (HpD+ irradiation). Before the administration of HpD and on 3 and 4 days after irradiation the tumor size was measured and the percent of the tumor growth inhibition was calculated. The results of animal treatments has shown high efficiency of PDT method for cancer treatment by means 0.608 m high power pulse solid state laser.

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Bone Microarchitecture at the Femoral Attachment of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) by Texture Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in Patients with PCL Injury: an Indirect Reflection of Ligament Integrity

  • Kim, Hwan;Shin, YiRang;Kim, Sung-Hwan;Lee, Young Han
    • Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.93-100
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: (1) To evaluate the trabecular pattern at the femoral attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) in patients with a PCL injury; (2) to analyze bone microarchitecture by applying gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)-based texture analysis; and (3) to determine if there is a significant relationship between bone microarchitecture and posterior instability. Materials and Methods: The study included 96 patients with PCL tears. Trabecular patterns were evaluated on T2-weighted MRI qualitatively, and were evaluated by GLCM texture analysis quantitatively. The grades of posterior drawer test (PDT) and the degrees of posterior displacement on stress radiographs were recorded. The 96 patients were classified into two groups: acute and chronic injury. And 27 patients with no PCL injury were enrolled for control. Pearson's correlation coefficient and one-way ANOVA with Bonferroni test were conducted for statistical analyses. This protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board. Results: A thick and anisotropic trabecular bone pattern was apparent in normal or acute injury (n = 57/61;93.4%), but was not prominent in chronic injury and posterior instability (n = 31/35;88.6%). Grades of PDT and degrees of posterior displacement on stress radiograph were not correlated with texture parameters. However, the texture analysis parameters of chronic injury were significantly different from those of acute injury and control groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The trabecular pattern and texture analysis parameters are useful in predicting posterior instability in patients with PCL injury. Evaluation of the bone microarchitecture resulting from altered biomechanics could advance the understanding of PCL function and improve the detection of PCL injury.

Effect of Ag Alloying on Device Performance of Flexible CIGSe Thin-film Solar Cells Using Stainless Steel Substrates

  • Awet Mana Amare;Inchan Hwang;Inyoung Jeong;Joo Hyung Park;Jin Gi An;Soomin Song;Young-Joo Eo;Ara Cho;Jun-Sik Cho;Seung Kyu Ahn;Jinsu Yoo;SeJin Ahn;Jihye Gwak;Hyun-wook Park;Jae Ho Yun;Kihwan Kim;Donghyeop Shin
    • Current Photovoltaic Research
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.8-12
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    • 2023
  • In this work, we investigated the thickness of Ag precursor layer to improve the performance of flexible CIGSe solar cells grown on stainless steel (STS) substrates through three-stage co-evaporation with Ga grading followed by alkali treatments. The small amount of incorporated Ag in CIGSe films showed enhancement in the grain size and device efficiency. With an optimal 6 nm-thick Ag layer, the best cell on the STS substrate yielded more than 16%, which is comparable to the soda-lime glass (SLG) substrate. Thus, the addition of controlled Ag combined with alkali post-deposition treatment (PDT) led to increased open-circuit voltage (VOC), accompanied by the increased built-in potential as confirmed by capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements. It is related to a reduction of charge recombination at the depletion region. The results suggest that Ag alloying and alkali PDT are essential for producing highly efficient flexible CIGSe solar cells.

Characterization of Umbilical Cord-derived Stem Cells during Expansion in Vitro (탯줄유래 줄기세포의 계대배양에 따른 특성 변화의 분석)

  • Park, Se-Ah;Kang, Hyun-Mi;Heo, Jin-Yeong;Yoon, Jin-Ah;Kim, Hae-Kwon
    • Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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    • v.36 no.1
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    • pp.23-34
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    • 2009
  • Objectives: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) comprise a promising tool for cellular therapy. It is known that long-term in vitro culture of human bone marrow and adipose tissue derived-MSCs lead to a reduction of life span and a change of stem-like characters. The aim of our study was to examine whether stem cell properties of human umbilical cord-derived stem cells (HUC) could be affected by in vitro expansion. Methods: HUC were isolated from human umbilical cord and cultured for 10 passages in vitro. Morphology and population doubling time (PDT) were investigated, and changes of stem cell properties were examined using RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry during serial subcultures. Results: Morphology and PDT of HUC began to change slightly from the 7th passage (p7). Expression level of nestin and vimentin mRNAs increased along with the culture period from p4 until p10. In contrast, expression level of SCF mRNA decreased during the same culture period. Expression level of Oct-4 and HNF-4${\alpha}$ mRNAs was not significantly changed throughout the culture period until p10. Expression level of BMP-4, FGF-5, NCAM and HLA-ABC mRNAs appeared to increase as the culture continued, however, the difference was not significant. Immunocytochemical studies showed that HUC at p3, p6 and p9 positively were stained with antibodies against SSEA-3 and SSEA-4 proteins. Interestingly, staining intensity of HUC for ICAM-1 and HLA-ABC gradually increased throughout the culture period. Intensity against thy-1 and fibronectin antibodies increased at p9 while that against TRA-1-60 and VCAM-1 antibodies began to decrease at p6 until p9. Conclusions: These results suggest that HUC change some of their stem cell characteristics during in vitro culture. Development of culture system might be needed for the maintenance of characteristics.

Establishment and Identification of a Debao Pony Ear Marginal Tissue Fibroblast Cell Line

  • Zhou, X.M.;Ma, Y.H.;Guan, W.J.;Zhao, D.M.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.17 no.10
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    • pp.1338-1343
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    • 2004
  • The Debao pony ear marginal tissue fibroblast cell line (NDPEM 2/2) was uccessfully established using either primary explant technique or collagenase technique. The characterizations of the cell line were identified as following: the cells were adherent and of density limitation; population doubling time (PDT) of cells made with the two techniques were 35.9 h and 48 h, respectively; chromosome analysis showed that the frequency of cell chromosome number to be 2n=64 was 91.3%-92.8%. Confirmed by isoenzyme analysis, this cell line had no cross- contamination. Tests for microbial contamination from bacteria, fungi, virus or mycoplasma were negative. This newly established cell line meets all the standard quality controls of ATCC. It will provide a precious genetic resource for the conservation of the Debao pony breed, as well as effective experimental material for genetic studies on Debao ponies.

Design of Excitation Light Source for Photodynamic Diagnosis (광역학적 암진단을 위한 여기광원장치의 설계)

  • Lee, S.C.;Lim, H.S.
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2005.05a
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    • pp.36-38
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    • 2005
  • Photodynamic diagnosis is a modern method for the fluorescence imaging of cancer. 5-ALA induced protoporphyrin IX fluorescence benefits the tumour selective accumulation of protoporphyrin ; therefore, tumours can be differentiated from healthy tissue. This paper develops Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD) system about ALA that apply tissue absorption coefficient. About other photosensitizer, application capacitate. In this paper, we will expect effective result by working PDD with PDT (photodynamic therapy) system that is a therapy device of cancer.

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The Synthesis and Evaluation of Squarylium Dyes Based On the NIR Spectra Region

  • Park, Soo-Youl;Shin, Seung-Rim;Shin, Joung-Il;An, Kyoung-Lyong;Jun, Kun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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    • 2008.10a
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    • pp.131-132
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    • 2008
  • Several squarylium dyes, derived from benzothiazole and indoles, were synthesized as a potential NIR dyes with absorption in the 700-900 nm region. These chromophores were induced much more bathochromic shift in the absorption maximum of the compound relative to the neutral parent squarylium dyes which we were described before. The squaryliums offer a convenient way of linking the dye to functional substrates and may be an advantage to be potential chromophores for NIR-absorbing, NIR-Cut-off filter, PDT(Photo Dynamic Therapy) materials.

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Development of the evaluation equipment for the prominent discrete tone radiated by acoustic emission products in mass production (대량생산용 음향방출제품의 돌출음 평가장비 개발)

  • Lee, Yong-Kwan;Kim, Sun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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    • 2012.04a
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    • pp.76-81
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    • 2012
  • In-process evaluation equipment for the prominent discrete tone (PDT) emitted by small motors or actuators such as HDD(Hard Disk Driver), ODD(Optical Disk Driver) or linear motors has been developed and estimated on the basis of Prominence Ratio (PR) method in ECMA 74. Correlation of the evaluation equipment was performed in comparison with the method by ECMA 74 in anechoic chamber. Coherent function between two systems was applied in order to compensate traceability of ECMA 74 in anechoic chamber. Usability of the developed system with estimated Gage R&R shall be approved with real samples in the mass production line.

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The Synthesis of Chlorin-based Photosensitizers for using in Photodynamics Therapy by Modification of Methyl Pyropheophorbide-a

  • Wang, Jin-Jun;Han, Guang-Fan;Shim, Young-Key
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • v.8 no.2
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    • pp.75-77
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    • 2001
  • The Grignard reaction of methyl pyropheophorbide-a (MPP-a) was performed to introduce lengthy alkyl chain for improving lipophilicity. After the introduction of alkyl chain to the both of carbonyls, peripheral aldehyde and cyclopentanone, the obtained diol 3 was subjected to dehydration to give monodehydrate product 4 selectively. The Qy band of prepared compounds were affected by the substituents on the Qy axis (N$\sub$21/-N$\sub$23/).

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The Modification of Exocyclic Ketone on Methyl(Pyro) pheophorbide-a and Influence with Visible Spectra

  • Wang, Jin-Jun;Han, Guang-Fan;Shim, Young-Key
    • Journal of Photoscience
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.23-25
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    • 2001
  • The methyl pheophorbide-a (MP-a) and methyl pyropheophorbide-a (MPP-a) were modified by reaction of exocyclic ketone in E-ring with nucleophilic reagent and several chlorin derivatives were synthesized. The change of the structure in E-ring served an expanding conjugation region and introduction of electron-withdrawing group, which strongly influenced the visible spectra. The Qy bands of synthesized compounds were affected by the substituents on the Qy axis(N$\sub$21/-N$\sub$23/).

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