• Molecules and Cells
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• v.38 no.11
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• pp.991-997
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• 2015

Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an AU-rich elements (AREs)-binding protein, which regulates the decay of ARE-scontaining mRNAs such as proto-oncogenes, anti-apoptotic genes and immune regulatory genes. Despite the low expression of TTP in various human cancers, the mechanism involving suppressed expression of TTP is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene, Res), a naturally occurring compound, induces glioma cell apoptosis through activation of tristetraprolin (TTP). Res increased TTP expression in U87MG human glioma cells. Res-induced TTP destabilized the urokinase plasminogen activator and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor mRNAs by binding to the ARE regions containing the 3' untranslated regions of their mRNAs. Furthermore, TTP induced by Res suppressed cell growth and induced apoptosis in the human glioma cells. Because of its regulation of TTP expression, these findings suggest that the bioactive dietary compound Res can be used as a novel anti-cancer agent for the treatment of human malignant gliomas.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.380-386
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• 2002

Conventional post-processing as like confidence measure (CM) proposed by Rahim calculates phones' CM using the likelihood between phoneme model and anti-model, and then word's CM is obtained by averaging phone-level CMs[1]. In conventional method, CMs of some specific keywords are tory low and they are usually rejected. The reason is that statistics of phone-level CMs are not consistent. In other words, phone-level CMs have different probability density functions (pdf) for each phone, especially sri-phone. To overcome this problem, in this paper, we propose normalized confidence measure. Our approach is to transform CM pdf of each tri-phone to the same pdf under the assumption that CM pdfs are Gaussian. For evaluating our method we use common keyword spotting system. In that system context-dependent HMM models are used for modeling keyword utterance and contort-independent HMM models are applied to non-keyword utterance. The experiment results show that the proposed NCM reduced FAR (false alarm rate) from 0.44 to 0.33 FA/KW/HR (false alarm/keyword/hour) when MDR is about 8%. It achieves 25% improvement of FAR.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.45-45
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• 2019

This experiment was carried out using artificial clay and LED in the plastic film house (irradiation time: 08:00~18:00/day). Seedlings (n = 63 per $3.3m^2$) of ginseng was planted on May 17, 2018. LED was combined with red and blue light in a 3:1 ratio and irradiated with different light intensity. The average air temperature from April to September was $12.3^{\circ}C$ $-26.0^{\circ}C$ and it was the the highest at $26.0^{\circ}C$ in August. The test area where fluorescent lamp was irradiated tended to be somewhat higher than the LED irradiation area. The chemical properties of the test soil are as follows. pH levels was 5.3~5.5, EC levels 0.45~0.52 dS/m and OM levels 33~37%. The total nitrogen content was 0.35~0.47% and the available $P_2O_5$ contents was 13.7~16.0 mg/kg, which was lower than the suitable level of 70~200 mg/kg. Exchangeable cations K and Mg contents were within acceptable ranges, but the Ca contents was $28{\sim}38cmol^+/kg$ levels higher than the permissible level ($2{\sim}6cmol^+/kg$). Germination of ginseng leaves took 8~9 days and the overall germination rate was 70~75%. The photometric characteristics of LED light intensity are as follows. The greater the light intensity, the higher the PAR (Photosynthetic Action Radiation) value, illuminance and solar irradiation. Photosynthetic rate was also increased with higher light intensity was investigated at $1.7{\sim}3.2{\mu}mol\;CO_2/m^2/s$. Leaf temperature ($23.7{\sim}24.8^{\circ}C$) by light intensity was the same trend. The growth of aerial parts (plant height etc.) were generally excellent when irradiated with 3 times the light intensity, the growth of the ginseng aerial parts were excellent as follows. The plant height was 42.6 cm, stem length was 25.2 cm, leaf length was 9.6 cm and stem diameter was 5.0 mm. The growth of underground part (root length etc.) was the same, and the root length was 24.4 cm, the tap root length was 6.0 cm, diameter of taproot was 18.2 mm and the fresh root weight was 17.2 g. There were no disease incidence such as Alternaria blight, Gray mold and Anthracnose. Disease of Damping off occurred 2.2~3.6% and incidence ratio of rusty root ginseng was 14.6~20.7%. Leaf discoloration rate was 13.7~48.9% and increased with increasing light intensity. Ginsenoside content of ginseng by light intensity is under analysis.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare Studies
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.5-37
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to see the motive, processes and strategies of change in poor single mother self-help group and analyze meaning in the self help group, agencies and themselves by change. As to this discussion, We seek to grope practical ways for self-help group. By using Participatory Action Research, We intended to an alternative plan in collaborating between practitioners and all concerned. Following four-step-process in this methodology, we explored processes of changing and considered social work practical meaning. On results, first, The motive have come from critical minds that motivate them to choose their way subjectively. We concluded that they have a necessity of change as a groping activity within their capability. Second, On process trying to be changed, They have made initiative decisions about how extensive and deep their changes should be, by discussion being themselves. So they have agreed to aim at purposeful activities beyond just emotional support. Third, they suggested and planned meaningful action as a specific strategy for changing and all these were done by local community volunteering and lecturing for supporting single mother. In conclusion, The 'Change' single mother group activity aim at is, based on subjective decision, to change a practice of a social worker into a practice of participant, and to develop social empowerment more improved to control social condition, which is forming their life, by their own choice. Furthermore, It needs to be considered approach to Community for overcome limits of self help group activities. Based on these consequences, We presented social work practical meaning.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.229-235
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• 2023

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the status of the Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JKACAP) and propose measures for its growth and development. Methods: The study was conducted using a questionnaire survey targeting members of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The six key elements analyzed were Access to the journal, Convenience following conversion to English, Recognition as an international journal and institutional achievements, Author perspectives on manuscript submission, Transition to an online-only journal, and Content and identity of the journal. Results: The survey revealed that email notification was highly effective for Journal Accessibility, with the website and search engines also frequently being used by members. Conversion to English in 2018 initially impacted readability and submission rates, but these concerns have decreased over time. However, the Recognition of JKACAP as an international academic journal was still not on par with SCIE journals, highlighting the need for further efforts towards SCIE inclusion. Despite these challenges and limited research opportunities, there was an active intention among members to submit manuscripts. Respondents showed a notable preference for the Transition to an online-only journal. Regarding content and identity of the JKACAP, members predominantly favored review articles and perceived the journal as a research and communication platform for Korean child and adolescent psychiatrists. Conclusion: The results indicate the need for JKACAP to enhance its digital accessibility, provide more support for domestic and international authors, and actively seek SCIE indexing. Addressing the varied content preferences of its members, improving the submission process, and transitioning to an online-only format could further its growth and solidify its position as an internationally recognized academic journal in the field of child and adolescent psychiatry.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.60-65
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• 2014

This study was conducted to investigate the antimicrobial effect of chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) on the vase life of cut rose 'Beast' (Rosa hybrida L.). Postharvest treatments to extend the vase life of cut roses were divided into two: holding solution treatment and pulsing solution treatment. In holding solution treatment, the cut roses were treated with preservative solutions containing tap water (TW, control), distilled water (DW), $ClO_2$ 2, 4, 6, and $8{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$, and compared with a commercialized antimicrobial compound of 8-HQS $200{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$. In pulsing solution treatment, cut roses were dipped into the $ClO_2$ solutions of 50, 100, 150, 200, and $250{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ for 60 seconds and were placed in DW. The air temperature was $18.4^{\circ}C$, RH 51.5%, and light (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) $3.6{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ with 12 hour day length. The longest vase life of cut roses was observed in the holding solution with $ClO_2$ $4{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 13.8 days and pulsing with $200-250{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ as 13.5-13.7 days, where vase life were extended four days longer than TW. Whereas, the inclusion of 8-HQS $200{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ in vase solution resulted in phytotoxicity. The relative fresh weight and water uptake have similar tendencies. Bacteria inhibition by $ClO_2$ and 8-HQS were very effective. But bacteria at TW and DW treatments on cut flower with stem were detected in $3.7{\times}10^5CFU{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $6.3{\times}10^5CFU{\cdot}L^{-1}$, respectively (without stem in DW $1.4{\times}10^4CFU{\cdot}L^{-1}$). The $ClO_2$ contents in holding solution of all treatments were scavenged in two-four days after treatment. This study indicated that $ClO_2$ $4{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ holding solution treatment and $200-250{\mu}L{\cdot}L^{-1}$ pulsing solution treatment can be applied to extend the postharvest life of cut roses.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.372-380
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• 1996

The operation of Far East Chain(GRI 5970) of Loran - C system had been stopped on June, 1995, but that of Korean Chain(GRI 9930) of Loran - C system which was jointed with North West Pacific Chain(GRI 8930) and Russia Chain(GRI 7950) by international cooperation, was started on January 1996. In this paper, in order to study the accuracy of Loran - C fix of Korean Chain, the authors examined and analyzed the data of the reciever of Loran - C(LC -90, Furuno) and GPS(AccNav Sport super (TM), Eagle) measured automatically and continually for 2 seconds at interval of 5 minutes from November 22, 1992, to January 20, 1996 at the fixed position of National Fisheries University of Pusan, The results obtained were as follows ; 1)The mean time differences of M-W, M-X, and M-Y pair measured in the base observed position were 12333.09${\mu}$s, 28338.44${\mu}$s, and 42806.01${\mu}$s respectively and the mean standard deviations of that were 0.0121${\mu}$s, 0.0290${\mu}$s, and 0.0327${\mu}$s respectively. The daily and monthly variance forms of time difference at each pair appeared in a similar reappearance. 2)The mean standard deviations of the latitude and longitude by Loran - C were 9.1m and 17.4m in W.X pair, 11.5m and 13.7m in W.Y pair, and 8.1m and 29.3m in X.Y pair respectively, and then the probable radiuses within 95% of each pair were 39.2m, 35.7m, and 60.8m, respectively. Therefore, It is to be desired that W.Y par is selected to improve the accuracy in Pusan area. 3)The mean standard deviations of the latitude and longitude by GPS were 15.4m and 15.0m and the probable radius within 95% was 43.4m. 4)The position errors for GPS and each pair of Loran - C were 16.0m to the South in GPS and 265.2m to the East in W.X pair of Loran - C, 279.5m to the North in W.Y pair of that, and 224.3m to the North-West in X.Y pair of that, so GPS is about 250m higher than Loran - C in accuracy.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.407-414
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• 2010

Bacillus subtilis strains isolated from different regions of Korea were screened for their plant growth promotion and induced systemic resistance (ISR) in tomato and red-pepper. The plant growth promotion on red-pepper and tomato revealed maximum plant height (22.73 cm) on red pepper treated with B. subtilis strain JE 21-1 and 30.18cm in case of tomato treated with B. subtilis strain JE 8-1. There was also significant improvement in root and shoot dry weight in both the plants. The strain JE 21-1 showed better promise for all growth parameters in red-pepper and tomato when compared to other strains and positive check BTH. Different strains screened in square plate method also revealed maximum plant height and leaf width, and suppressed anthracnose on red pepper in case of strain JE 21-1 at $10^6$ and $10^7$ cells/ml when compared to other strains. In all the bacterial inoculations the population was significantly high when compared to untreated check. In plant growth promotion with respect to fruit length and weight, fruit length was maximal in treating with JE 9-4 and ES 2-2, while fruit weight was maximal in treating with JE 3-6, ES4-2, ES2-2 and JE 21-2 on red pepper. In case of tomato, comparatively better fruit weight was in JE 21-1, ES 3-3 and JE 10-2 when compared to BTH and untreated control. The soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum SCCI was completely suppressed in case of transgenic tobacco harboring GUS gene related to PR1a and increased the level of salicylic acid significantly in combined application of JE 9-4 on par with BTH. Thus, this study clarified some potential Bacillus subtilis strains for plant growth promotion and ISR in red-pepper and tomato.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.165-172
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• 2004

This study was conducted to investigate changes in physico-chemical characteristics of Hanwoo carcass according to different castration and slaughtering ages. Total 75 Hanwoo calves(average 4 months old) were randomly assigned to Control(bulIs). Treatment I. Il , III. or IV(castrated on 4. 9. 12. and 16 months of age, respectively) and slaughtered at 7. 9. 12, 16, and 28 months of age. Moisture contents in M. Longissimus dorsi of both Hanwoo bulls and steers were decreased as the slaughtering age increased. Moisture contents in all steer groups were significantly(P <0.05) lower(average 68.63%) than that in bulls(72.18%) at 28 months of age. Crude fat contents tended to increase as the slaughtering age increased. Crude fat contents in Treatment III(castrated at 12 months of age) at 28 months of age were 10.24% which was the highest among all steer groups. Crude protein contents in M. Longissimus dorsi of Hanwoo bulls were around 23% regardless of slaughtering age. Water holding capacity(WHC) of both bulls and steers tended to increase as the animals aged. Steers showed rapid increase in WHC after 16 months of age and showed higher(78.39%)) WHC than bulls(70.00%) at 28 months of age. Palmitic acid(CI8: 0) contents in Hanwoo bulls were increased as the slaughtering age increased(20.92 \longrightarrow 24.22%) whereas stearic acid(CI8: 0) contents were decreased(I8.l5 \longrightarrow11.32%). Oleic acid(CI8: I). a major unsaturated fatty acid. significantly(P <0.05) increased(25.59 \longrightarrow 37.90%) when slaughtering age of Hanwoo increased. Changes in fatty acid composition in Hanwoo steers were similar to those in bulls except oleic acid contents were higher and stearic acid contents were lower than bulls at 28 months of age.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.78 no.2
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• pp.151-159
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• 1989

The present study has been designed to define the effects of photosynthetically active radiation, leaf temperature, and water stress on photosynthesis and respiration of leaves of four oak species (Quercus mongolica, Quercus aliens, Quercus variabilis, and Quercus serrate). The results obtained are as follows : 1. The estimated light compensation points at which Pn approached zero were 38, 24, 20, and $18{\mu}Em^{-2}s^{-1}$ for Q. aliens, Q. variabilis, Q, mongolica, and Q. serrate, respectively. The light saturation points occurred at $500{\mu}Em^{-2}s^{-1}$ in three oak species except Q, aliens. 2. The maximum rates of Pn were 19.7, 15.2, 11.2, and 11.0 mg $CO_2$ $dm^{-2}h^{-1}$ for Q. variabilis, Q. serrate, Q. monglica, and Q. aliens leaves, respectively. 3. The transpiration rates of Q. variabilis and Q. serrate leaves were slightly higher than those of Q. mongolica and Q. aliens leaves at various photosynthetically active radiations(PAR), but cuticular transpiration rates at dark were similar in four oak species. 4. The optimum photosynthesis occurred at $25^{\circ}C$ in Q. aliens, Q. variabilis, and Q. serrate leaves, but $20^{\circ}C$ in Q. mongolica leaves. In four oak species, the net photosynthesis approached zero at about $40^{\circ}C$. 5. The dark respiration rates of leaves exhibited the following ranking of species : Q, variabilis > Q. mongolica > Q. aliens > Q. serrate. 6. The maximum productive efficiency (Pg/Rd) of leaves occurred highest in Q, serrate at $20^{\circ}C$, then in Q. mongolica at $20^{\circ}C$, then in Q, aliens at $25^{\circ}C$, and finally in Q. variabilis at $15^{\circ}C$. 7. The decrease of net photosynthesis in Q. serrate began at about -1.2 MPa, and then approached zero at -2.9 MPa of leaf water potential. The decrease of net photosynthesis began at 3% of water loss, and then approached zero at 17.5% of water loss. 8. As indicated by tissue-water relations parameters, it may be suggested that Q. aliens and Q. variabilis are more tolerant and favored on xeric forest soils than Q. mongolica and Q. serrate.