• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.1119-1128
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• 2001

This study was designed to identify degrees of self-esteem, health status, and life satisfaction in elderly women and investigate the relationship between these factors. The results will contribute to effective nursing intervention for promoting the quality of life for elderly women. Method: The subjects of this study included 129 elderly women. The data was collected through personal interviews using questionnaires from Nov. to Dec. of 2000. The measurement tools were the self-esteem scale developed by Rosenberg and translated by Byong-Je Jong (1974), the health status scale developed by Young Ja Lee(1989), and the life satisfaction scale developed by Jin Youn(1982). The data was analyzed by the SPSS computer program, and it included descriptive statistics, x2-test, t-test and the pearson correlation coefficient. Result: The conclusions of this study are summarized as follows: 1. There was a significant difference in age (x2=12.952, p=.000), religion (x2=6.140, p=.000), spending money (x2=.7.511, p= .000), living expenses load (x2=16.189, p= .000), and the major support provider (x2=6.539, p=.000), according to general characteristics in the existence elderly women. 2. There was a significant difference in self-esteem (t=7.05, P=.000), Health status (t=-10.09, P=.000), and life satisfaction (t=6.62, P=.000) between the two groups. 3. There was a significant positive correlation between self-esteem and health status (r=.406, P=.000), self-esteem and life satisfaction (r=.524, P=.000), and health status and life satisfaction (r=.504, P= .0000) in elderly women.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.119-128
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• 1992

In order to evaluate the relationship of age with the developmental stage on mandibular second molars in female, the author examined the radiographs in standard films taken by intraoral paralleling technic and analysed the development of 620 roots of 310 females ranged from 10 to 18 years. The development was divided into 7 stages : Crown complete (Cr.C.), Root lengthed 1/4(R.1/4), Root length 1/2 (R.1/2), Rooth length 3/4 (R.3/4), Rooth length complete (R.C), Apex 1.2 closed (A. 1/2), Apical closure complete (A.C) The obtained results were as follows : 1. The formation of roots in fulllength of mandibular second molars was completed at 14.21-year-age in mesial root and at 14.96-year-age in distal root. 2. The formation of apical foramen of mandibular second molars was completed at 17.11-year-age in mesial root and at 17.53-year-age in distal root. 3. The mesial root of mandibular second molar was generally developed earlier than distal root (p<0.01) 4. Coefficients of correlation and regression equations between for age(Y) and the developmental stage of mandibular second molar(X) were "Y=1.53X+6.54, r=0.91 (p<0.01)" in mesial root and "Y=1.52X+7.11, r=0.92(p<0.01)" in distal root respectively.l root respectively.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.261-267
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• 1999

Pot experiments were conducted to evaluate the phosphorus (P) availability with cropping in soils where P were highly accumulated. Bray 1-P contents of the used three soils were 584, 695 and $1043P\;mg\;kg^{-1}$, respectively. Corn ${\rightarrow}$ Chinese cabbage ${\rightarrow}$ Chinese cabbage ${\rightarrow}$ corn were sequentially grown from 1996 to 1998. P fertilizer was applied at three levels of 0 (P0), recommended application rate (P1), and double of recommended application rate (P2). At the end of each crop growth, available P content was determined by methods of Bray 1-P, Olsen-P and Lancaster-P. The growth of crops were not significantly affected by the rates of P applications. The relative yields of PO treatment were more than 88% of P1 treatment. The recoveries of added phosphorus were relatively low due to the high content of available phosphorus in soils. Although available phosphorus contents decreased through cropping, the concentration of soil available phosphorus was maintained high level even after the final cropping. In the case of P0 treatment in the three soils, the residual concentration was in the range of $410{\sim}610mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Bray 1-P, $284{\sim}410mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Olsen-P and $368{\sim}524mg\;kg^{-1}$ for Lancaster-P. The amount of soil available phosphorus decreased during the experiments was linearly regressed with high significance to the amount of P taken up by crops. The regressions of soil 1 as follow, Bray 1-P : y=149.7x=102.7, Lancaster-P : y=209.2x-140.2, Olsen-P: y=60.8x=19.9. The decrease rate of available phosphorus in the P0 treatment with cropping was described by an equation of first-order chemical reaction. The equation of soil1 was as follow: Bray 1-P: In(C)= -0.12N + 6.96 r=-0.991, Lancaster-P: In(C)= -0.14N = 6.88 r= -0.938, Olsen-P: In(C)= -0.07N = 6.37 r= -0.959. The rate constants seemed to be affected by ply, sand and silt content, and exchangeable $Ca^{2+}$ concentration. The times of cropping needed to reduce the content of available P to half of the initial or to the index level could be predicted by using that equation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.1323-1330
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• 2017

For a nondegenerate projective irreducible variety $X{\subset}{\mathbb{P}}^r$, it is a natural problem to find an upper bound for the value of $${\ell}_{\beta}(X)=max\{length(X{\cap}L){\mid}L={\mathbb{P}}^{\beta}{\subset}{\mathbb{P}}^r,\;{\dim}(X{\cap}L)=0\}$$ for each $1{\leq}{\beta}{\leq}e$. When X is locally Cohen-Macaulay, A. Noma in [10] proves that ${\ell}_{\beta}(X)$ is at most $d-e+{\beta}$ where d and e are respectively the degree and the codimension of X. In this paper, we construct some surfaces $S{\subset}{\mathbb{P}}^5$ of degree $d{\in}\{7,{\ldots},12\}$ which satisfies the inequality $${\ell}_2(S){\geq}d-3+{\lfloor}{\frac{d}{2}}{\rfloor}$$. This shows that Noma's bound is no more valid for locally non-Cohen-Macaulay varieties.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.96-100
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• 2002

The title compound, (H/sub 3/NCH/sub 2/CH/sub 2/NH/sub 3/)HPO/sub 4/ (Ⅰ), has been synthesized by hydrothermal technique for the first time and its novel structure analyzed by X-ray single crystallography. The compound (Ⅰ) crystallizes in the monoclinic system, P2/sub 1//c space group with a＝10.209(1), b＝7.891(1), c＝ 8.039(1) (equation omitted), β＝ 92.138(9)°, V＝: 647.2(2) (equation omitted), Z＝4, R/sub 1/＝0.0295 and ωR/sub 2/＝0.0811 for 1141 independent reflections. The compound (Ⅰ) is interconnected to give a three-dimensional network through hydrogen-bonding interactions.

• Korean Journal of Crystallography
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 1998

Single crystals of lithium heptaborate, Li3B7O12(M=288.49), have been grown and their structure was determined by the x-ray powder diffraction and the single crystal diffraction technique. It is found that the borate anion consists of two(B3O7)3- and (B3O8)5- groups a unit cell. The space group was determined to be P-1(Ci1) with a=6.500(3) Å, b=7.839(2) Å, c=8.512(1) Å, α=92.07(2)˚, β=104.97(2)˚, γ=99.35(3)˚, V=412.0(2) Å3, Z=2 Dx=2.32 g cm-3, MoKα, λ=0.71069 Å, μ=2.15cm-1, T=293K. The structure was refined to R=0.0339 and wR=0.0882 for 2296 unique reflections by the single crystal diffraction. By the x-ray powder diffraction, we could obtain the similar results.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2005

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate optimal ionic concentration of nutrient solution for water culture of young welsh onion (Allium fistulosum). For the purpose of clarification of optimal nutrient concentration to maximize growth of young welsh onion, different nutrient concentrations of Yamazaki's solution for welsh onion seedling $(NO_3^--N\;9.0,\;NH_4^+-N\;3.0,\;PO_4^{3-}-P\;6.0,\;K^+7.0,\;Ca^{2+}\;2.0,\;Mg^{2+}\;2.0,\;and\;SO_4^{2-}-S\;4.4me{\cdot}L^{-1})$ which selected by prior experiment were treated as 0.6, 1.2, 1.8, and $2.4dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. Increments of fresh weight, dry weight and top length were the highest in 1.2 and, in the next, were placed by the order of 1.8, 2.4, and $0.6dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ The regression coefficients for the maximal growth of fresh weight of cv. 'Geurnjanguedaepa' and 'Tokyokuro' were $y=-42.091x^2+171.79x+11.047 (R^2=0.8946,\; R=0.9458^*)\;and\;y=-50.069x2+157.58x+15.414(R^2=0.9343,\;R=0.9692^{**})$, respectively, and optimal EC levels according to regression coefficients were 1.68 and $1.57dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$. As the conclusions, optimal nutrient levels far young welsh onion were $1.2dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ EC in the early growth stage and $1.6\~l .7dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ in the later growth stage.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제31권7호
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• pp.921-932
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• 2021

LINC01272 is a long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) that has been considered as a biomarker for many diseases including lung squamous cell carcinoma. Here, we investigated the function and mechanism of LINC01272 on lung cancer (LC). The differential expression of LINC01272 in LC and normal samples was analyzed by GEPIA based on the data from TCGA-LUAD database, as survival prognosis was analyzed through Kaplan-Meier Plotter. LINC01272 overexpression plasmid and miR-7-5p mimic were transfected into A549 and PC-9 cells. LINC01272, miR-7-5p and cardiolipin synthase 1 (CRLS1) mRNA expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Cell viability was detected through MTT assay. Cell multiplication was evaluated by cell formation assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed through flow cytometry assay. Through bioinformatics, the target miRNA of LINC01272 and downstream genes of miR-7-5p were predicted. The targeting relationship was tested by dual luciferase reporter analysis. CRLS1, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), BCL2-associated X (Bax) and cleaved caspase-3 protein levels were detected through western blot. LINC01272 was downregulated in LC and low LINC01272 expression had poor prognosis. In A549 and PC-9 cells, LINC01272 inhibited cell viability and multiplication and induced apoptosis. LINC01272 negatively regulated miR-7-5p and CRLS1 was a target of miR-7-5p. MiR-7-5p reversed the effect of LINC01272 on viability, multiplication, apoptosis and expression of miR-7-5p and CRLS1 as well as apoptosis-related factors (Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved caspase-3). LINC01272 suppressed cell multiplication and induced apoptosis via regulating the miR-7-5p/CRLS1 axis in LC.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.49-55
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• 1996

Water parsley(Oenanthe javanica(Blume) DC) was raised with varying population density(S) in the laboratory aquarium unit to determine the growth equation. The population density was measure after 7 days. The resultant growth curve was well fit to the equation 1/S = A+B (1/S0) with a high correlation coefficient ($R^2$ = 0.999). The maximum specific absorption rate was $9.011 \times 10^{-5}$ kg $NO_x-N/kg$ water parsley$\cdot$day and $1.31 \times 10^{-5}$ kg $PO_4-P/kg$ water parsley$\cdot$day when the average population density was $2.62 kg/m^2$. The relationship between population density and nutrient absorption rate, the absorption rate of $NO_x-N$ was 5.04~5.24 mg/l$\cdot$day when the population density was $7.51~10.0 $mg/m^2\cdot day$ and the absorption rate of $PO_4-P$ was 0.56~0.78 mg/l$\cdot$day when the population density was 5.02~10.0 $kg/m^2\cdot day$. Taking into account the nutrient absorption rate and growth rate, the population density between $7.0 kg/m^2\cdot day$ and $8.0 kg/m^2 \cdot day$ was selected. The removal rate of nutrient was investigated after 7 days culture. Removal rate of $NO_x-N$ was 95.6~99.95% with initial concentration of 35 mg $NO_x-N/l$, and the removal rate of $PO_4-P$ was also high, indicating 80.24~98.9% with initial concentration of 5.95 mg $PO_x-P/l$.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.107-119
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• 2008

To determine the true digestible phosphorus (TDP) requirement of growing pigs, two experiments were designed with the experimental diets containing five true digestible P levels (0.16%, 0.20%, 0.23%, 0.26% and 0.39%) and the ratio of total calcium to true digestible P (TDP) kept at 2:1. In Experiment 1, five barrows (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) with an average initial body weight of 27.9 kg were used in a $5{\times}5$ Latin-square design to evaluate the effect of different dietary P levels on the digestibility and output of P and nitrogen. In Experiment 2, sixty healthy growing pigs (Duroc${\times}$Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire) with an average body weight (BW) of 21.4 kg were assigned randomly to one of the five dietary treatments (12 pigs/diet), and were used to determine the true digestible phosphorus (TDP) requirement of growing pigs on the basis of growth performance and serum biochemical indices. The results indicated that the true digestibility of P increased (p<0.05) linearly with increasing dietary TDP level below 0.26%. The true P digestibility was highest (56.6%) when dietary TDP was 0.34%. Expressed as g/kg dry matter intake (DMI), fecal P output increased (p<0.05) linearly with increasing P input. On the basis of g/kg fecal dry matter (DM), fecal P output was lowest for Diet 4 and highest (p<0.05) for Diet 5. The apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) did not differ (p>0.05) among the five diets, with the average nitrogen output of 12.14 g/d and nitrogen retention of 66% to 74% (p>0.05), which suggested that there was no interaction between dietary P and CP protein levels. During the 28-d experimental period of Experiment 2, the average daily gain (ADG) of pigs was affected by dietary TDP levels as described by Eq. (1): $y=-809,532x^4+788,079x^3-276,250x^2+42,114x-1,759$; ($R^2=0.99$; p<0.01; y = ADG, g/d; x = dietary TDP, %), F/G for pigs by Eq. (2): $y=3,651.1x^4-3,480.4x^3+1,183.8x^2-172.5x+10.9$ ($R^2=0.99$; p<0.01; y = F/G; x = dietary TDP, %), and Total P concentrations in serum by Eq. (3): $y=-3,311.7x^4+3,342.7x^3-1,224.6x^2+195.6x-8.7$ (R2 = 0.99; p<0.01; y = total serum P concentration and x = dietary TDP, %). The highest ADG (782 g/d), the lowest F/G (1.07) and the highest total serum P concentration (3.1 mmol/L) were obtained when dietary TDP level was 0.34%. Collectively, these results indicate that the optimal TDP requirement of growing pigs is 0.34% of the diet at a total Ca to TDP ratio of 2:1.