• 제목/요약/키워드: P. vivax

검색결과 77건 처리시간 0.023초

강화군에서 시행한 말라리아 신속진단킷트의 유용성 평가 (Evaluation of the Malaria Rapid Diagnostic Kit in Ganghwa County)

  • 권수정;권오준;윤성태;임준;임정수
    • 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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    • 제31권2호
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    • pp.157-164
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    • 2006
  • 본 연구는 말라리아 고위험지역인 강화군 주민을 대상으로 신속진단킷트 시행으로 인한 진단소요일의 변화와 신속진단킷트 검사의 민감도와 특이도를 평가하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 1998년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 인천광역시 강화군에서 발열증상으로 말라리아가 의심되어 보건소, 보건지소, 진료소, 병의원 등 보건의료기관을 내원한 검사자 중 질병관리본부의 최종 검사결과 말라리아가 확진된 검사자 942명을 대상으로 최초 발열일부터 검사일까지의 기간으로 진단 소요일을 추정하였으며, 2004년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 보건의료기관에서 신속진단킷트 검사와 혈액도말검사를 동시에 실시한 검사자 434명을 대상으로 질병관리본부의 최종 검사결과와 비교하여 진단소요일에 따른 민감도와 특이도를 측정하였다. 연구결과, 2003년 신속진단킷트 시행으로 인하여 진단소요일은 2002년 4.68일에서 2004년 3.14일과 2005년 3.31일로 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 또한 신속진단킷트의 민감도와 특이도는 98.2%와 98.5%인 것으로 나타나 혈액도말검사의 97.5%, 100%와 비교하여 큰 차이가 없었다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 말라리아 신속진단킷트 검사는 진단소요일을 단축하면서도 민감도와 특이도를 유지하는 장점이 있는 것으로 판단되었다. 말초혈액도말검사를 실시할 역량을 갖추지 못한 보건의료기관에서는 신속하고 정확한 말라리아 진단을 위하여 신속진단킷트 검사를 적극적으로 고려할 필요가 있다.

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Malaria Prevalence in a Low Transmission Area, Jazan District of Southwestern Saudi Arabia

  • Hawash, Yousry;Ismail, Khadiga;Alsharif, Khalaf;Alsanie, Walaa
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제57권3호
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    • pp.233-242
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    • 2019
  • Detailed description of malaria in low transmission areas is crucial for elimination. The current study aimed to provide a comprehensive description for malaria transmission in Jazan, a low transmission district, southwestern Saudi Arabia. Patients at a tertiary care hospital were recruited in our study between August 2016 and September 2018. Malaria diagnosis was performed through a species-specific nested polymerase chain reaction (nested PCR), microscopy and Paramax-$3^{TM}$ rapid detection test (RDT). Malaria was detected in 30 patients by the PCR, with point prevalence of 10.9%. Of these malaria infections, 80% was imported, 26.6% was asymptomatic and 23.3% was sub-microscopic. Malaria was reported throughout the year, with February/March and September/October peaks. Infection was significantly more in males than in females (P=0.01). Likewise, infections were detected more in febrile than in non-febrile patients (P=0.01). Adult aged 15-24 years, fever and travel were identified as high-risk factors. Malaria was primarily attributed to Plasmodium falciparum mono-infections, followed by P. vivax mono-infections and lastly to falciparum/vivax mixed infections accounting 76.6%, 16.6%, and 6.6% of PCR-confirmed malaria cases, respectively. The nested PCR was superior to the smear microscopy (sensitivity 76.6%; specificity 100%) and the RDT (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 94.2%). The overall percent agreement between microscopy and the RDT was 92.7% (kappa=0.63). High proportion of imported malaria including sub-microscopic and sub-patent cases were described. We suggest that incorporation of molecular tool into the conventional malaria diagnosis is beneficial in Jazan district.

외국 여행 경력이 없는 남자 환자에서 발병한 삼일열 말라리아 1예 (Occurrence of tertian malaria in a male patient who has never been abroad)

  • 채인호;임건일
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제32권3호
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    • pp.195-200
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    • 1994
  • 말라리아는 세계적으로 매년 1억 이상의 환자를 발생시키며 그 중 약 100만 명씩을 사망케 하고 있는 무서운 원충 질환으로 잘 알려져 있다. 우리 나라에는 과거에 삼일열 말라리아 (tefilnmuwia)의 유행이 있었으나 1970년대 말 이후부터는 토착적 환자 발생 보고가 없어 소멸된 것으로 알려져 왔다. 그러나 최근 저자 등은 해외 여행 경력이 없는 환자 1명에서 삼일열원충 (Plasmodium vivax) 감염을 확일하였기에 보고하고자 한다. 환자는 23세 남자인 국군 병사로서 1993년 7월 중순부터 18일 동안 격일로 매회 4-8시간씩 계속되는 발열과 오한을 주소로 내원하였다. 환자는 경남 창원시에 거주하였고 1992년 6월 군에 입대한 후에는 경기도 파주군의 한 야전군 부대에 근무해 왔으나 외국에 나간 일은 전혀 없다고 하였다. 과거력상 수혈을 받거나 정맥주사를 맞은 일도 없다고 하였다. 환자의 말초혈액 도말 표본에서는 삼일열원충의 ring form, trophozoite, schizont 및 gametocyte가 검출되었고, 약간의 적혈구 감소와 혈소판 감소가 관찰되었다 확진 후 hydroxychloroquine과 primaquine을 투여하여 치료하였고, 추적 혈액 도말검사에서는 말라리아 원충을 발견할 수 없었다. 이 증례가 우리 나라 토착적 말라리아의 재유행에 의한 것인지, 도입성 (introduced) 말라리아의 국내 정착에 의한 2차 감염 환자인지는 판단하기가 쉽지 않으나. 어쨌든 말라리아가 다시 유행할 가능성 에 대해서는 커다란 관심을 기울여 야 할 것으로 생각되었다.

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Imported Malaria in United Arab Emirates: Evaluation of a New DNA Extraction Technique Using Nested PCR

  • Sultan, Doaa M.;Khalil, Marwa M.;Abdouh, Ahmed S.;Doleh, Wafaa F.;AI Muthanna, Abdul Aziz M.
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.227-233
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    • 2009
  • Local malaria transmission in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) came to an end in 1997. Nevertheless, UAE has been subjected to substantial importation of malaria cases from abroad, concerning both UAE nationals and immigrants from malarious countries with a total number of 2,119 cases in 2007. To evaluate a new DNA extraction technique using nested PCR, blood samples were collected from 132 individuals who presented to Infectious Diseases Department in Rashid Hospital, Dubai, and Central Department of Malaria Control with fever and persistent headache. Giemsa-stained blood films and ELISA test for malaria antibodies were carried out for detection of Plasmodium infection. Plasmodium infections were identified with the genus-specific primer set and species differentiation using nested PCR. A rapid procedure for diagnosis of malaria infections directly from dried blood spots using for the first time DNA extract from FTA Elute cards was evaluated in contrast to extraction techniques using FTA classic cards and rapid boiling technique. Our new simple technique for DNA extraction using FTA Elute cards was very sensitive giving a sensitivity of 100% compared to 94% using FTA classic cards and 62% in the rapid boiling technique. No complex preparation of blood samples was required prior to the amplification. The production cost of DNA isolation in our PCR assay was much less incomparable to that of other DNA extraction protocols. The nested PCR detected plasmodial infection and could differentiate P. falciparum from P. vivax, and also detected the mixed infection.

A Case of Plasmodium ovale Malaria Imported from West Africa

  • Kang, Yunjung;Yang, Jinyoung
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제51권2호
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    • pp.213-218
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    • 2013
  • Malaria is a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium species. Most of the imported malaria in Korea are due to Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum, and Plasmodium ovale infections are very rare. Here, we report a case of a 24-year-old American woman who acquired P. ovale while staying in Ghana, West Africa for 5 months in 2010. The patient was diagnosed with P. ovale malaria based on a Wright-Giemsa stained peripheral blood smear, Plasmodium genus-specific real-time PCR, Plasmodium species-specific nested PCR, and sequencing targeting 18S rRNA gene. The strain identified had a very long incubation period of 19-24 months. Blood donors who have malaria with a very long incubation period could be a potential danger for propagating malaria. Therefore, we should identify imported P. ovale infections not only by morphological findings but also by molecular methods for preventing propagation and appropriate treatment.

재조합 Escherichia coli 시스템을 이용한 재조합 말라리아 항원의 발현 최적화 연구

  • 홍성희;박도영;황영보;박현;황현아
    • 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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    • pp.711-714
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    • 2001
  • 본 연구에서는 말라리아 항원의 생물학적 대량 생산 공정을 디자인하기 위하여 자체 개발한 재조합 E. coli 시스템의 여러 가지 조업 조건들, 즉 균체 성장과 외래 단백질의 유도 발현에 영향을 미치는 초기 배지 pH, 유도 발현 이후의 조업 온도 및 타이밍 , 그러고 기간 등을 조사함과 동시에 최적 배양 전략을 탐색하였다.

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Characterization of Pv92, a Novel Merozoite Surface Protein of Plasmodium vivax

  • Lee, Seong-Kyun;Wang, Bo;Han, Jin-Hee;Nyunt, Myat Htut;Muh, Fauzi;Chootong, Patchanee;Ha, Kwon-Soo;Park, Won Sun;Hong, Seok-Ho;Park, Jeong-Hyun;Han, Eun-Taek
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제54권4호
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    • pp.385-391
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    • 2016
  • The discovery and understanding of antigenic proteins are essential for development of a vaccine against malaria. In Plasmodium falciparum, Pf92 have been characterized as a merozoite surface protein, and this protein is expressed at the late schizont stage, but no study of Pv92, the orthologue of Pf92 in P. vivax, has been reported. Thus, the protein structure of Pv92 was analyzed, and the gene sequence was aligned with that of other Plasmodium spp. using bioinformatics tools. The recombinant Pv92 protein was expressed and purified using bacterial expression system and used for immunization of mice to gain the polyclonal antibody and for evaluation of antigenicity by protein array. Also, the antibody against Pv92 was used for subcellular analysis by immunofluorescence assay. The Pv92 protein has a signal peptide and a sexual stage s48/45 domain, and the cysteine residues at the N-terminal of Pv92 were completely conserved. The N-terminal of Pv92 was successfully expressed as soluble form using a bacterial expression system. The antibody raised against Pv92 recognized the parasites and completely merged with PvMSP1-19, indicating that Pv92 was localized on the merozoite surface. Evaluation of the human humoral immune response to Pv92 indicated moderate antigenicity, with 65% sensitivity and 95% specificity by protein array. Taken together, the merozoite surface localization and antigenicity of Pv92 implicate that it might be involved in attachment and invasion of a merozoite to a new host cell or immune evasion during invasion process.

Characteristics of Imported Malaria and Species of Plasmodium Involved in Shandong Province, China (2012-2014)

  • Xu, Chao;Wei, Qing-Kuan;Li, Jin;Xiao, Ting;Yin, Kun;Zhao, Chang-Lei;Wang, Yong-Bin;Kong, Xiang-Li;Zhao, Gui-Hua;Sun, Hui;Liu, Xin;Huang, Bing-Cheng
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제54권4호
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    • pp.407-414
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    • 2016
  • Malaria remains a serious public health problem in Shandong Province, China; therefore, it is important to explore the characteristics of the current malaria prevalence situation in the province. In this study, data of malaria cases reported in Shandong during 2012-2014 were analyzed, and Plasmodium species were confirmed by smear microscopy and nested-PCR. A total of 374 malaria cases were reported, 80.8% of which were reported from 6 prefectures. Of all cases, P. falciparum was dominant (81.3%), followed by P. vivax (11.8%); P. ovale and P. malariae together accounted for 6.4% of cases. Notably, for the first time since 2012, no indigenous case had been reported in Shandong Province, a situation that continued through 2014. Total 95.2% of cases were imported from Africa. The ratio of male/female was 92.5:1, and 96.8% of cases occurred in people 20-54 years of age. Farmers or laborers represented 77.5% of cases. No significant trends of monthly pattern were found in the reported cases. All patients were in good condition after treatment, except for 3 who died. These results indicate that imported malaria has increased significantly since 2012 in Shandong Province, especially for P. falciparum, and there is an emergence of species diversity.

Glutamate dehydrogenase antigen detection in Plasmodium falciparum infections

  • Dominguez, Neira-De;Alexis, Rodriguez-Acosta
    • Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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    • 제34권4호
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    • pp.239-246
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    • 1996
  • The usefulness of malaria diagnosis by Plusmodium JaLcipawn-GDH (NADP+), obtained by affinity chromatography. is demonstrated in ELISA assays, testing IgG antibodies against GDH (NADP+) from patients with acute malaria, who have had two or more episodes of malaria. or from sera of hyperimmune patients. GDH (NADP+) thermal stability was demonstrated in a high heat resistance assay. The immunofluorescence assay demonstrated that anti-culture (P. falciporum) supernatant serum and anti-GDH (NADP+) of Proton app. recognized epitopes in Venezuelan isolates and Colombian and Brazilian malarial strains. The antigen is soluble, with high specificity is a potent imnlunogen and is thermoresistant. Key words: antigenic enzymes. glutamate dehydrogenase, malaria diagnosis, Plasmodium berghei, Plcswlodium ccthemelum, PlusmoniumJnlcipnmm, Plosmonium uiuox. soluble antigens.

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pfhrp2/pfhrp3 유전자 결여 열대열 말라리아 특이 진단을 위한 생물정보학 기반 차세대 항원 단백질 선정 (Selection of next-generation antigen protein for diagnosis of pfhrp2/pfhrp3 gene deleted plasmodium falciparum based on bioinformatics)

  • 서승환;이지후;최재원;김학용
    • 한국콘텐츠학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국콘텐츠학회 2016년도 춘계 종합학술대회 논문집
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    • pp.187-188
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    • 2016
  • 열대열 말라리아(Plasmodium falciparum, P. falciparum, P. f) 신속진단키트의 경우, P. falciparum에 특이적인 단백질로써 Histidine Rich Protein 2 (PfHRP2)가 사용되고 있다. 그러나 최근 연구에서 남아메리카와 중앙아메리카를 중심으로 pfhrp2/pfhrp3 유전자가 결여된 P. falciparum 열원충이 나타나는 것으로 보고된 바 있다. 본 연구에서는 생물정보학을 기반으로 PfHRP2 항원 단백질을 대체할 수 있는 새로운 P. falciparum 특이 항원 단백질을 선정하고자, PlasmoDB에서 5,777개의 P. falciparum 관련 단백질 리스트를 얻었다. 이후 NCBI BLAST를 통해 단백질 아미노산 서열을 분석하고 정상인에게 존재하지 않으며, 동시에 다른 말라리아 열원충(P. vivax, P. ovale, P. malariae, P. knowlesi)에도 존재하지 않는 P. falciparum 특이 아미노산 서열을 가진 단백질 15개를 추출하였다. IEDB analysis를 이용하여 에피토프, 수용성, 베타-턴, 접근성, 유연성, 면역원성을 분석하여 높은 평균값을 갖는 상위 3개 단백질을 선별하였다. KEGG pathway와 EMBL-EBI를 통해 선별된 3개 단백질의 혈액내 검출 가능성 및 아미노산 서열의 보존성을 분석하여 최종적으로 Glutamate-Rich Protein (GLURP)을 선정하였다. AIDA를 통해 단백질 아미노산 서열을 이용한 3차 구조 예측으로 GLURP의 구조 및 항체와의 결합을 도식화하였다. 최종적으로 선정한 GLURP는 pfhrp2/pfhrp3 유전자 결여 P. falciparum까지 특이적으로 진단이 가능하여 차세대 P. falciparum 특이 신속진단키트 개발에 도움이 될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

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