• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.742-747
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• 2007

In order to investigate the mechanism of adaptation to long-term heat stress, six female buffalo calves of about 7 to 8 months age, were exposed to the cool-comfort environment (THI 65) for 21 days to obtain normal values of blood acid-base. An adaptive response of acid-base regulation was determined to long term (21 days) exposure of buffalo calves to hot-dry (THI 80) and hot-humid (THI 84) conditions. Higher rectal temperature and respiratory rate was recorded under hot-humid exposure compared to hot-dry. Significant reduction in the rectal temperature and respiratory rate on day 21 of hot-dry exposure indicated early thermal adaptation compared to hot-humid. Decreasing rectal temperature and respiratory rate from day 1 to 21 was associated with concurrent decrease in blood pH and pCO2. Increased plasma chloride concentration with low base excess in blood and in extracellular fluid suggested compensatory response to respiratory alkalosis. Reduced fractional excretion of sodium with increased fractional excretion of potassium and urine flow rate indicated renal adaptive response to heat stress.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.617-622
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• 1995

Electrocatalytic reduction of dioxygen has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry at glassy carbon electrode modified with new Co(II)-Schiff base complexes in aqueous solutions of various pH. The reduction potentials of dioxygen at chemically adsorbed electrodes show the dependence of pH between pH 4 and 14. The catalytic effect is large and the reaction occurs via two or four electron transfer in various pH solution.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11a
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• pp.3-5
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• 2002

Breakdown characteristics of a punch-through diode with n+p+p-n+ structure are analyzed with two-dimensional device simulation. Effects of base doping concentration and profile on the breakdown are presented. An analytical expression of a maximum base doping level for the punch-through breakdown is derived. The diode with a linearly graded base doping shows superior leakage current and capacitance is satisfactory for applications for low-voltage circuits.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.631-633
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• 1995

70 cows with abomasal torsion and 71 cows with right-side displacement of the abomasum were examined to determine whether the preoperative blood base-excess concentration could be used both as a prognostic indicator for postoperative recovery in cows with abomasal torsion and as an aid in differentiating between abomasal torsion and right-side displacement of the abomasum. The survival rate of cows with abomasal torsion decreased as the base-excess concentration decreased(P=0.08). There was a significant difference(P<0.025) among base-excess ranges between abomasal torsion and right-side displacement of the abomasum. Most cows with base-excess concentrations ${\geq}15.0mEq/L$ and ${\leq}-0.5mEq/L$ had abomasal torsion, rather than right-side displacement of the abomasum.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.225-230
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of denture cleansers on the flexural bond strength of heat curing denture base resin and reliners. Methods: The denture base resin was bonded to the reliners(vertex self curing, kooliner, rebase II) to make the specimen. The specimens were immersed in denture cleansers(Polident, Cleadent) and evaluated after 1week, 3week, 5weeks. After denture reliners were injected, flexural bond strength was measured. Results: The bond strength of denture base resin and vertex self curing resin as reliner was significantly decreased at 5 weeks in cleadent and polident(p<0.05). The bond strength of kooliner and rebase II was significantly decreased at 5 weeks in denture cleaners(p<0.05). Kooliner was significantly decreased at 3 and 5 weeks in polident and rebase II was significantly decreased at 3 and 5 weeks in all denture cleansers(p<0.05). Conclusion : The flexural strength between the denture base resin and the reliners decreased significantly as the treatment time increased.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.235-240
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• 1996

The automated ECG diagnostic systems that are odd in hospitals have low performance of P-wave detection when faced with some diseases such as conduction block. So, the purpose of this study was the improvement of detection performance in conduction block which is low in P-wave detection. The first procedure was removal of baseline drift by subtracting the median filtered signal of 0.4 second length from the original signal. Then the algorithm detected R peak and T end point and cancelled the QRS-T complex to get'p prototypes'. Next step was magnification of P prototypes with dispersion and detection of'p candidates'in the magnified signal, and then extraction of contextual information concerned with P-waves. For the last procedure, the CIR was applied to P candidates to confirm P-waves. The rule base consisted of three rules that discriminate and confirm P-waves. This algorithm was evaluated using 500 patient's raw data P-wave detection perFormance was in- creased 6.8% compared with the QRS-T complex cancellation method without application of the rule base.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.63-94
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• 1990

The purpose of this study was to analyze the displacement and the magnitude and the mode of distribution of the stresses in the lower overdenture, the mucous membrane, the abutment tooth and the mandibular supporting bone when various denture base materials, such as acrylic resin and 0.5mm metal base, and various denture base designs were subjected to different loading schemes. For this study, the two-dimensional finite element method was used. Mandibular arch models, with only canine remaining, were fabricated. In the first denture base design, a space, approximately 1mm thick, was prepared between the denture and the dome abutment. In the second denture base design, contact between the denture and the dome abutment was eliminated except the contact of the occlusal third of the abutment. In order to represent the same physiological condition as the fixed areas of the mandible under loading schemes, the eight nodes which lie at the mandibular angle region, the coronoid process and the mandibular condyle were assumed to be fixed. Each model was loaded with a magnitude of 10 kgs on the first molar region(P1) and 7 kgs on the central incisal region (P2) in a vertical direction. Then the force of 10 kgs was applied distributively from the first premolar to the second molar of each model in a vertical direction(P3). The results were as follows. : 1. When the testing vertical loads were given to the selected points of the overdenture, the overdenture showed the rotatory phenomenon, as well as sinking and the displacements of alveolar ridge, abutment and lower border of mandible under the metal base overdenture were less than those under the acrylic resin overdenture. 2. The maximum principal stresses(the maximum tensile stresses) being considered, high tensile stresses occured at the buccal shelf area, the posterior region of the ridge crest and the anterior border region of the mandibular ramus. 3. The minimum principal stresses(the maximum compressive stresses) being considered, high compressive stresses occured at the inferior and posterior border region of the mandible, the mandibular angle and the posterior border region of the mandibular ramus. 4. The vertical load on the central incisal region(P2) produced higher equivalent stress in the mandible than that on any other region(P1, P3) because of the long lever arm distance from the fixed points to the loading point. 5. Higher equivalent stresses were distributed throughout the metal base overdenture than the resin base overdenture under the same loading condition. 6. The case of occlusal third contact of the abutment to the denture produced higher equivalent stresses in the abutment, the mandibular area around the abutment and the overdenture than the case of a 1mm space between the denture and the abutment. 7. Without regard to overdenture base materials and designs, the amounts and distribution patterns of equivalent stresses under the same loading condition were similar in the mucous membrane.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.140-146
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• 2013

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to investigate the destructive effects of biofilm formation and/or biocorrosive activity of 6 different oral microorganisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Three different heat polymerized acrylic resins (Ivocap Plus, Lucitone 550, QC 20) were used to prepare three different types of samples. Type "A" samples with "V" type notch was used to measure the fracture strength, "B" type to evaluate the surfaces with scanning electron microscopy and "C" type for quantitative biofilm assay. Development and calculation of biofilm covered surfaces on denture base materials were accomplished by SEM and quantitative biofilm assay. According to normality assumptions ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis was selected for statistical analysis (${\alpha}$=0.05). RESULTS. Significant differences were obtained among the adhesion potential of 6 different microorganisms and there were significant differences among their adhesion onto 3 different denture base materials. Compared to the control groups after contamination with the microorganisms, the three point bending test values of denture base materials decreased significantly (P<.05); microorganisms diffused at least 52% of the denture base surface. The highest median quantitative biofilm value within all the denture base materials was obtained with P. aeruginosa on Lucitone 550. The type of denture base material did not alter the diffusion potential of the microorganisms significantly (P>.05). CONCLUSION. All the tested microorganisms had destructive effect over the structure and composition of the denture base materials.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.468-475
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• 2008

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.76-85
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of $21^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ and $37^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ pneumoperitoneum on body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate, and acid-base balance. Methods: Data were collected at a 1300-bed university hospital in Incheon, from February through September 2012. A total of 74 patients who underwent laparoscopic colectomy under general anesthesia with desflurane were randomly allocated to either a control group or an experimental group. The control group received $21^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ pneumoperitoneum; the experimental group received $37^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ pneumoperitoneum. The pneumoperitoneum of the two groups was under abdominal pressure 15 mmHg. Body temperature, systolic blood pressure, heart rate and acid-base balance were assessed at 30 minutes and 90 minutes after pneumoperitoneum, and again at 30 minutes after arriving at the Post Anesthesia Care Unit. Results: Body temperature in the $37^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ pneumoperitoneum group was significantly higher (F= 9.43, p< .001) compared to the $21^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ group. However, there were no statistically significant differences in systolic blood pressure (p= .895), heart rate (p= .340), pH (p= .231), PaCO2 (p= .490) and HCO3- (p= .768) between the two groups. Conclusion: Pneumoperitoneum of $37^{\circ}C\;CO_2$ is effective for the increase of body temperature compared to pneumoperitonium of $21^{\circ}C\;CO_2$, and it does not result in a decrease of blood pressure, heart rate or acid-base imbalance.