• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.18-23
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• 1972

Fried instant noodles, manufactured on laboratory scale, preserved in sunlight, room temperature, removed package, at $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and corrugated fiber board box to investigate the oxidative stability of fried products under a few factors of storage for 150 days. And obtained results were as follow. 1) Peroxide value P.O.V. and Acid value A.V. of fried instant noodles were increased slightly during the storage in orange color polycello package in the corrugated fiber board box in the dark room as shown in Fig. 1 and 2. They had not rancid odor and showed P.O.V. 18.8 after 150 days. 2) Preserving in room temperature removed package or with polycello package exposed to sunlight, P.O.V. and A.V. increased rapidly up to 100, 5 and they had rancid odor within 30 days. 3) Peroxide value showed increasing tendency on the storage at $30{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ and scattered light and rancid odor appeared from 90 to 120 days. 4) As peroxide value and refractive index increased, iodine value were decreased as Fig. 3. 5) In these test, P.O.V. is correlated with the organoleptic evaluation of rancidity however, they were not coincided exactly.

• Communications of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.427-436
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• 2005

Let (R, m) be a 2-dimensional regular local ring with algebraically closed residue field R/m. Let K be the quotient field of R and v be a prime divisor of R, i.e., a valuation of K which is birationally dominating R and residually transcendental over R. Zariski showed that there are finitely many simple v-ideals $m=P_0\;{\supset}\;P_1\;{\supset}\;{\cdotS}\;{\supset}\;P_t=P$ and all the other v-ideals are uniquely factored into a product of those simple ones. It then was also shown by Lipman that the predecessor of the smallest simple v-ideal P is either simple (P is free) or the product of two simple v-ideals (P is satellite), that the sequence of v-ideals between the maximal ideal and the smallest simple v-ideal P is saturated, and that the v-value of the maximal ideal is the m-adic order of P. Let m = (x, y) and denote the v-value difference |v(x) - v(y)| by $n_v$. In this paper, if the m-adic order of P is 2, we show that $O(P_i)\;=\;1\;for\;1\;{\leq}\;i\; {\leq}\;{\lceil}\;{\frac{b+1}{2}}{\rceil}\;and\;O(P_i)\;=2\;for\;{\lceil}\;\frac{b+3}{2}\rceil\;{\leq}\;i\;\leq\;t,\;where\;b=n_v$. We also show that $n_w\;=\;n_v$ when w is the prime divisor associated to a simple v-ideal $Q\;{\supset}\;P$ of order 2 and that w(R) = v(R) as well.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1352-1368
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• 2021

Objective: For an accurate dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI analysis, exact baseline T1 mapping is critical. The purpose of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetic parameters of DCE MRI using synthetic MRI with those using fixed baseline T1 values. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 102 patients who underwent both DCE and synthetic brain MRI. Two methods were set for the baseline T1: one using the fixed value and the other using the T1 map from synthetic MRI. The volume transfer constant (K^trans), volume of the vascular plasma space (v_p), and the volume of the extravascular extracellular space (v_e) were compared between the two methods. The interclass correlation coefficients and the Bland-Altman method were used to assess the reliability. Results: In normal-appearing frontal white matter (WM), the mean values of K^trans, v_e, and v_p were significantly higher in the fixed value method than in the T1 map method. In the normal-appearing occipital WM, the mean values of v_e and v_p were significantly higher in the fixed value method. In the putamen and head of the caudate nucleus, the mean values of K^trans, v_e, and v_p were significantly lower in the fixed value method. In addition, the T1 map method showed comparable interobserver agreements with the fixed baseline T1 value method. Conclusion: The T1 map method using synthetic MRI may be useful for reflecting individual differences and reliable measurements in clinical applications of DCE MRI.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.41-48
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• 2021

Essential thrombocythemia (ET) is a clonal bone marrow stem cell disorder, primarily involving the megakaryocytic lineage. The WHO 2016 guidelines include the molecular detection of JAK2, MPL, and CALR mutations as a major diagnostic criterion for ET. This study aimed to determine the frequency of JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L, and CALR mutations in Iraqi Kurdish patients afflicted with ET, and to analyze their clinical and hematological features. A total of 73 Iraqi Kurdish patients with ET were enrolled as subjects, and analysis was achieved utilizing real-time PCR. The frequency of JAK2 V617F, CALR, and MPL W515L mutations was determined to be 50.7%, 22%, and 16.4%, respectively. No statistically significant difference was obtained when considering the age and gender among different genotypes. The JAK2 V617F mutated patients had significantly higher white blood cell counts and hemoglobin levels than the CALR-positive patients (P-value=0.000, 0.007, respectively), MPL W515L-positive patients (P-value=0.000, 0.000, respectively), and triple negative patients (P-value=0.000, 0.000, respectively). Also, the JAK2 V617F mutated patients showed higher platelet count as compared to the MPL W515L-positive patients (P-value=0.02) and triple negative patients (P-value=0.04). Furthermore, significantly lower white blood cell count and hemoglobin levels were associated with CALR positivity (P-value=0.000, 0.01, respectively), MPL W515L-positivity (P-value=0.001, 0.000, respectively), and triple negativity (P-value=0.000, 0.000, respectively), as compared to patients with combined mutations. In conclusion, apart from a relatively high frequency of MPL W515L mutation, our data is comparable to earlier reports, and highlights the importance of genotyping the JAK2 V617F, MPL W515L, and CALR mutations for accurate diagnosis of patients with ET.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.255-262
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• 1994

Arc melted Ti-5Bi alloy was oxidized by thermal oxidation method. In the present study free energy efficiency(${\eta}_e$) of titanium oxide electrode(TOE) was measured as a function of light intensity and light energy. Flat-band potential of TOE was measured as a function of the light intensity and the solution pH. The ${\eta}_e$ of TOE increased with the increase of light intensity and tight energy to maximum value of 3.2% and 13%, respectively, at $0.2W/cm^2$ and 4.0eV. The ${\eta}_e$ was strongly dependent on the magnitude of the bias voltage. Maximum value was found at 0.5V bias. Photocurrent of TOE was controlled by electron-hole pair generation in depletion layer. The flat-band potential of the illuminated TOE shifted to -0.065V/decade with increasing light intensity. With the decrease of pH of electrolyte, flat-band potential shifted to anodic direction. The experimental slope was in good agreement with the Nernstian value of 0.059V/pH decade.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.19 no.7
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• pp.1054-1058
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to use pig blood plasma transglutaminase (TGase) combined with thrombin and fibrinogen as a binder, which was applied to restructured meat, and to investigate its effect on the restructured meat quality. Pig meat was obtained 10 h post mortem from a traditional market was ground using a 10 mm aperture plate. A binder admixture was added (TGase:thrombin:fibrinogen mixed as 0.5:1:20 (v/v/v) to which was added 12% of its volume of 0.25 M calcium chloride) at 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20% of meat weight. Measurements included cooking loss, shrinkage rate, shear value, total plate count, pH value, TBA value, color difference, tension strength and sensory evaluation. The results showed that ground meat containing 20% w/w of binder admixture had higher cooking loss, shrinkage rate and shear value (p<0.05). Addition of different percentages of binder admixture did not affect total plate count, pH value, TBA value, and sensory evaluation of restructured meat (p>0.05). Tension strength was increased with increased level of binder admixture. Addition up to 15% binder admixture to restructured meat showed better scores of sensory texture, flavor and total acceptability (p<0.05).

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.58 no.6
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• pp.19.1-19.7
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• 2016

Background: Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.]) is a legume cultivated throughout most tropical countries and is valued as food and feed for human and livestock respectively. The search for an improved cowpea variety has been on-going with the aim of improving traits such as grain yield, drought and pest resistance. But no information exist on the feeding value of these improved varieties. Phosphate (P) fertilizer application is recommended to augment grain yield in grain legumes but data on the effect of P fertilizer on haulm quality is limited. Results: Two separate experiments were conducted to determine the effect of P fertilizer dose on the nutritive value of haulms from different cowpea varieties (V). In experiment 1, effect of three P doses (30, 60 and 90 kg $P_2O_5/ha$) on in vitro gas production (IVGP) characteristics, concentrations of digestible organic matter (DOM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) of haulms from five cowpea varieties (Zaayura-SARC 4-75, Songotra-IT97K-499-35, Hewale-IT93K-192-4, IT99K 573-1-1 and Asomdwe-IT94K-410-2) were investigated using the $3(P){\times}5(V)$ factorial treatment arrangements in a completely randomized design. In experiment 2, the effects of two P doses (30 and 90 kg $P_2O_5/ha$) and two varieties (Zaayura-SARC 4-75 and Hewale-IT93K-192-4) on the voluntary feed intake, live weight, haematology and carcass characteristics of Djallonke lambs were also assessed using a $2(P){\times}2(V)$ factorial treatment arrangement. The $V{\times}P$ interaction significantly affected CP, NDF and ADF with CP concentration increasing with increase in P doses in Zaayura-SARC 4-75 and Asomdwe-IT94K-410-2. Whilst an increase (P < 0.05) in NDF was observed in Songotra-IT97K-499-35and Asomdwe-IT94K-410-2 as P doses increased, the other V only increased from P dose 30 to 60 kg/ha and declined at P dose 90 kg/ha. The ADF decreased (P < 0.05) with increase in P dose for all V with the exception of Songotra-IT97K-499-35. There was a significant V effect on DOM with the highest reported in Zaayura-SARC 4-75 (43.44 %). Daily DM intake, carcass length and blood urea nitrogen of the lambs were significantly affected by the V x P interaction. There was a significant V effect on globulin and P effect on live weight at slaughter, dressed weight, chuck, leg, loin, rib and flank and liver and lungs. Conclusion: It can be concluded that nutrient concentrations of cowpea haulms were positively influenced by different P dose and varieties with favorable effects on growth, haematology and carcass composition of lambs. Varieties Zaayura-SARC 4-75 and Hewale-IT93K-192-4 at P dose at 90 kg/ha are recommended to enhance growth performance and carcass yield of Djallonke lambs.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.71-83
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• 2007

Liquefaction resistance depends strongly upon the degree of saturation, which is expressed in terms of the pore pressure coefficient, B. The B-value has been widely used to quantify the state of saturation of laboratory samples. However, it is practically impossible to determine in situ state of saturation by using the B-value. So, P-wave velocity can be alternatively used as a convenient index for evaluating the in situ state of saturation. In this paper, the Stokoe type torsional shear (TS) testing system was modified to saturate the specimen, with which it is also possible to measure P ($V_p$), S-wave velocity ($V_s$) and the excess pore water pressure buildup In order to examine the effect of B-value for nearly saturated sands. A series of the tests were carried out at 3 relative densities (40%, 50% and 75%) and various B-values using Toyoura sand. Based on the test results, the variations of $V_p\;and\;V_s$ with B-value were analyzed and compared with a existing theoretically derived formula. The normalized pore water pressure, $du/{\sigma}{_0}'$ and cyclic threshold shear strain, ${\gamma}^c_{th}$ with B-value were also analyzed. Additionally the test results related to pore water pressure were analyzed by $V_p$ to apply to the field seismic analysis.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.7 no.6
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• pp.371-374
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• 2002

Production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate)［P(3HB/V)］, by fed-batch culture of recombinant Escherichia coli harboring a plasmid containing the Alcaligenes latus polyhy-droxyalkanoate (PHA) biosynthesis genes, was examined in two pilot-scale fermentors with air supply only, In a 30 L fermentor having a XLa value of 0.11 S­$^1$, the final P(3HB/V) concentration and the P(3HB/V) content obtained were 29.6 g/L and 70.1 wt%, respectively giving a productivity of 1.37 g P(3HB/V)/L-h. In a 300 L fermentor having a XLa of 0.03 S­$^1$, the P(3HB/V) concentration and the P(3HB/V) content were 20.4 g/L and 69 wt%, respectively giving a productivity of 1.06g P(3HB/V)/L-h. These results suggest that economical production of P(3HB/V) is possible by fed-batch culture of recombinant E. coli in a large-scale fermentor having low KLa value.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.459-462
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• 2006

In this paper, we proposed a novel TFT-LCD pixel structure to compensate ${\Delta}V_p$, which is a maximum value of 1.82V in conventional pixel structure without compensation. We achieved a maximum value of 60mV in proposed pixel structure by integrating a dummy switch TFT in each pixel. The proposed TFT-LCD pixel structure with a remarkably reduced ${\Delta}V_p$ allows ultra high picture quality AMLCDs.