• Annals of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.344-349
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• 2024

Backgrounds/Aims: The implementation of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols has demonstrated significant advantages for patients by mitigating surgical stress and expediting recovery across a spectrum of surgical procedures worldwide. This investigation seeks to assess the effectiveness of the ERAS protocol specifically in the context of major liver resections within our geographical region. Methods: Our department conducted retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data, gathered from consenting individuals who underwent liver resections from January 2018 to December 2023. The assessment encompassed baseline characteristics, preoperative indications, surgical outcomes, and postoperative complications among patients undergoing liver surgery. Results: Among the included 184 patients (73 standard care, 111 ERAS program), the baseline characteristics were similar. Median postoperative hospital stay differed significantly: 5 days (range: 3-13 days) in ERAS, and 11 days (range: 6-22 days) in standard care (p < 0.001). Prophylactic abdominal drainage was less in ERAS (54.9%) than in standard care (86.3%, p < 0.001). Notably, in ERAS, 88.2% initiated enteral feeding orally on postoperative day 1, significantly higher than in standard care (47.9%, p < 0.001). Early postoperative mobilization was more common in ERAS (84.6%) than in standard care (36.9%, p < 0.001). Overall complication rates were 21.9% in standard care, and 8.1% in ERAS (p = 0.004). Conclusions: Our investigation highlights the merits of ERAS protocol; adherence to its diverse components results in significant reduction in hospital length of stay, and reduced occurrence of postoperative complications, improving short-term recovery post liver resection.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.23-29
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• 2013

In this paper, pure $I_{ph}$ and hybrid carbon nanotube reinforced $I_{ph}$ were sintered using the SPS(spark plasma sintering) method for high densification. A nanosecond laser (${\lambda}=1063nm$, ${\tau}P=10ns$) and a femtosecond laser (${\lambda}=1027nm$, ${\tau}P=380fs$) were installed on an optical system for the micromachining test. The ablation characteristics of the pure $I_{ph}$ and CNT/$I_{ph}$ composites, such as thermal effect and ablation depth, were investigated using FE-SEM and a confocal microscope device. Laser machining results for the two mating materials showed improved performances: CNT/$I_{ph}$ composites showed good surface morphology of hole drilling without a melting zone due to the composites' high thermal properties; also, the ablated depth of CNT/$I_{ph}$ was higher than that of pure $I_{ph}$.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1999.07d
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• pp.1898-1900
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• 1999

The possible origins of instabilities observed in high-voltage p-i-n devices were investigated. It was concluded that the temporary changes of electrical characteristics may be due to the changes of the physical parameters of gold acceptor, while the permanent changes are due to process-related factors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1992.11a
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• pp.123-127
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• 1992

When MOS devices is exposed to radiation, radiation effects of P-type MOS capacitor can cause modulation and/or degradation in devices characteristics and its operating life. The oxide layer is grown in $O_2$+T.C.E. and its thickness ranges from 40 to 80 nm. Irradiations on MOS capacitor were performed by Cobalt-60 gamma ray source and total dose ranges from $10^4$ to $10^8$ rads. The radiation effect on electrical conduction characteristics(I-V) in MOS capacitor was measured as a function of gate oxide thickness and total dose. From the experimental result, I-V characteristics is found to be influenced strongly by total dose in irradiated p-type MOS capacitors. The ohmic current is dependant on of total dose in irradiated P-type MOS capacitors. This results are explained using surface states at interface radiation-induced traps.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.406-410
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• 2002

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of addition methods of green tea on the fermentation characteristics of kimchi. Kimchis were prepared to 3 methods such as Chinese cabbage soaked in brine containing 1％ of green tea extracts(Ⅰ), salted the cabbage soaked in water containing 1％ of green tea extracts(II), salted the cabbage mixed with seasonings containing 1％ of green tea extracts(Ⅲ), and fermented at l0$\^{C}$. pH of Ⅰ∼Ⅲ kimchis were higher than that of control kimchi during fermentation and its acidity showed the same tendency. Total microbe(5.40∼8.38 log cfu/mL) and the number of lactic acid bacteria(4.99∼8.07 log cfu/mL) in Ⅰ∼Ⅲ kimchis were lower than those of control kimchi(6.16∼9.29 and 4.59∼8.42 log cfu/mL). Lightness of kimchi tissue showed the order of Ⅰ＜II＜control＜Ⅲ. Sour taste and fishy taste of Ⅰ∼Ⅲ kimchis were lower than that of control kimchi. Overall quality was best in II estimated by sensory evaluation and fermentation characteristics.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Oncology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2018

Purpose: We analyzed our 10-year experience in a single-center, public hospital and thereby evaluated the changing trends of clinico-pathologic and surgical characteristics as well as treatment outcomes in patients with gastric cancer. Methods: The current single-center, retrospective study was conducted with patients who had been treated at department of our medical institution during a period ranging from March 1, 2007 to June 16, 2018. The eligible patients were divided into two groups: group I (March 2007-April 2012) and II (May 2012-June 2018). Then, we compared time-dependent changes in clinico-pathologic characteristics between the two groups. Results: The mean age was $63.0{\pm}11.3$ years in group I and $65.8{\pm}10.5$ years in group II, respectively (P=0.017). The American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) score was 34.9% for 1 point, 38.3% for 2 points, and 26.9% for 3 points or more in group I, and 31.1% for 1 point, 52.5% for 2 points, and 16.4% for 3 points or more in group II, which was statistically significant (P=0.012). The average follow-up duration was significantly different between the two group ($39.8{\pm}39.7$ vs. $23.4{\pm}20.6$) (P<0.001). The duration of postoperative hospital stay was 1.8 days longer in group II than group I (P=0.047). Tumor depth, node metastasis and distant metastasis were significantly different between the two groups (P<0.001, P=0.009, and P=0.019, respectively). Conclusion: There were significant differences in the age, ASA score, average follow-up duration, postoperative hospital stay, tumor depth, node metastasis and distant metastasis between the two groups.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.348-355
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• 2012

In the present study, we investigated the overexpression and characterization of bovine pancreatic (bp)- DNase I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris. The bp-DNase I gene was fused in frame with the GAL10 promoter, $MF{\alpha}$, and GAL7 terminator sequences, resulting in the plasmid, pGAL-$MF{\alpha}$-DNaseI (6.4 kb). Also, the bp-DNase I gene was fused in frame with the AOX1 promoter, $MF{\alpha}$, and AOX1 terminator sequences, resulting in the plasmid, pPEXI (8.8 kb). The recombinant plasmids, pGAL-$MF{\alpha}$-DNaseI and pPEXI were introduced into S. cerevisiae and P. pastoris host cells, respectively. When the transformed yeast cells were cultured at $30^{\circ}C$ for 48 h in galactose or methanol medium, bp-DNase I was overexpressed and the most of activity was found in the extracellular fraction. P. pastoris transformant activity showed 45.5 unit/mL in the culture medium at 48 h cultivation, whereas S. cerevisiae transformant revealed 37.7 unit/mL in the extracellular fraction at 48 h cultivation. The enzymatic characteristics, such as DNA cleavage and half life were investigated. Treatment of the recombinant DNase I from P. pastoris induced degradation of the calf thymus DNA within 1 minute, and this DNA degradation rate was higher than that of commercial bp-DNase I (SIGMA) and the recombinant DNase I from S. cerevisiae.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.780-786
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• 2017

The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle fiber characteristics, intramuscular fat (IMF) content, and fatty acids composition in longissimus lumborum (LL) muscle from Hanwoo steers. The LL muscles were obtained from four quality grades (QG) carcasses and subjected to histochemical analysis. There were significant (p<0.05) differences in fiber number percentage (FNP) and fiber area percentage (FAP) of muscle fiber types among muscles from four QGs. Both FNP and FAP of type I increased while those of type IIB decreased with increasing QG from QG 2 to QG $1^{{+}{+}}$ (p<0.05). Also, with increasing QG, the saturated fatty acid (SFA) proportion decreased while monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) increased significantly (p<0.05). IMF content was positively correlated with both FNP and FAP of type I, but negatively correlated with those of type IIB. The proportions of SFA and MUFA were significantly (p<0.001) correlated with both type I and IIB composition. These results implied that muscle fiber type composition is an important factor influencing fatty acid composition in LL muscle of Hanwoo steer.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.737-740
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• 2010

High leakage current and threshold voltage shift(${\Delta}Vth$) are demerits of a-Si:H TFT. These characteristics are influenced by gate insulator and active layer film quality, surface roughness, and process conditions. The purpose of this investigation is to improve off current($I_{off}$) and ${\Delta}V_{th}$ characteristics. Nitrogen-rich deposition condition was applied to gate insulator, and hydrogen-rich deposition condition was applied to active layer to reduce electron trap site and improve film density. $I_{off}$ improved from 1.01 pA to 0.18 pA at $65^{\circ}C$, and ${\Delta}V_{th}$ improved from -1.89 V to 1.22 V.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.1048-1050
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• 2008

Electric current flow was observed through imogolite film when imogolite ($(HO)_3Al_2O_3SiOH$) was exposed to water molecules and connected to external electrodes. Current flow was due to the bound water on the surface of imogolite. Current flow increased as the pH of the water decreased. The current-voltage (I-V) measurements from a field effective transistor (FET) using $H_2O$/imogolite film revealed that the current carrier in $H_2O$/ imogolite had p-type characteristics, i.e. the carrier was probably $H^+$. The possible mechanism for current transportation in imogolite/water was also suggested in this paper.