• 기본간호학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.51-63
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• 1999

This study examined two differences in physical and psychological recovery patterns after surgery in the elderly. The sample consisted of 40 patients with abdominal surgery In five large hospitals in Seoul. The data for this study were collected from Apr. 20 to Nov. 26 by structured questionnaire, chart review and call. Physical recovery was assessed by ADL, a Cantril Ladder Scale and a Visual Analogue Scale. Psychological recovery was measured by the Geriatric depression Scale and a Cantril Ladder Scale. The data were analyzed using frequency, percentage, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, and MANOVA by SPSS/WIN. The result are as follows : 1. Physical recovery indicated significant improvement over time with the exception of ADL(F=.812 p=.449). Perceived physical health were significantly improved(F=6.189 p=.004). Pain & discomfort was significantly decreased(F=3.927 p=.025). 2. Perceived psychological health was significantly improved over time(F=20.648 p=.000), but depression showed no statistical significance improvement over time(F=1.393 p=.256). 3. There were no significant effects of sex, age, complication and combined chronic diseases on physical and psychological recovery patterns. 4. There were significant correlations between operation time and pain(r=-.331 p=.020), recovery time and perceived psychological health(r=-.320 p=.024), recovery time and pain(r=.404 p=.005). There were significant correlations between admision period and ADL(r=-.418 p=.004), perceived physical health(r=-.354 p=.014), depression(r=.280 p=.042), and perceived psychological health(r=-.447 p=.002). BRAS showed significant correlation with ADL(r=-.458 p=.002). 5. With an increase in the degree of perceived health(physical and psychological), ADL was significantly increased. With an increased in the degree of depression and pain, ADL and perceived health(physical and psychological) were significantly decreased. In conclusion, the elderly patient recovered significantly over time with the exception of ADL and depression. It these we suggested to considered when planning care for elderly patients.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.143-150
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• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliable factors influencing the surgical outcome of the patients with traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and to improve the functional outcome of these patients. Methods : A total of 256 consecutive patients who underwent surgical intervention for traumatic ASDH between March 1998 and March 2008 were reviewed. We evaluated the influence of perioperative variables on functional recovery and mortality using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results : Functional recovery was achieved in 42.2% of patients and the overall mortality was 39.8%. Age (OR=4.91, p=0.002), mechanism of injury (OR=3.66, p=0.003), pupillary abnormality (OR=3.73, p=0.003), GCS score on admission (OR=5.64, p=0.000), and intraoperative acute brain swelling (ABS) (OR=3.71, p=0.009) were independent predictors for functional recovery. And preoperative pupillary abnormality (OR=2.60, p=0.023), GCS score (OR=4.66, p=0.000), and intraoperative ABS (OR=4.16, p=0.001) were independent predictors for mortality. Midline shift, thickness and volume of hematoma, type of surgery, and time to surgery showed no independent association with functional recovery, although these variables were correlated with functional recovery in univariate analyses. Conclusion : Functional recovery was more likely to be achieved in patients who were under 40 years of age, victims of motor vehicle collision and having preoperative reactive pupils, higher GCS score and the absence of ABS during surgery. These results would be helpful for neurosurgeon to improve outcomes from traumatic acute subdural hematomas.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.401-409
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• 2021

이 연구는 천안시 태조산의 산림 경사 트레킹 시 80bpm 및 130+30bpm의 속도로 걷기 운동 후 정적회복 및 동적회복방법이 회복 중 심박수, 혈중젖산농도, 혈중글루코스에 미치는 영향을 분석하여 산림환경의 경사 트레킹 후 효율적인 회복방법을 알아보고자 하였다. 걷기 운동을 하는데 이상이 없는 20-30대 남자 9명을 대상으로 80bpm 속도와 130+30bpm 속도로 트레킹 후 정적회복방법과 동적회복방법에 따라 얻은 결과를 이원 반복측정 분산분석(Two-way repeated ANOVA)방법으로 분석하였으며, 유의한 차이가 나는 경우 contrast의 repeated 방법을 적용하여 비교 분석하였다. 80bpm 조건에서의 심박수는 방법(p=.008)과 시기(p=.000)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 혈중젖산농도는 회복방법에 따라 유의한 차이가 없었으나(p=.401), 시기에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p=.000). 혈중글루코스는 회복방법에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았으며(p=.093), 정적회복방법의 시기에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다(p=.002). 130bpm+30bpm 조건에서의 심박수는 방법(p=.002)과 시기(p=.000)에 따라 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 혈중젖산농도는 방법(p=.001)과 시기(p=.000)에 따라 유의한 차이가 나타났고, 혈중글루코스농도는 방법(p=.721)과 시기(p=090)간 유의한 차이가 나타나지 않았다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.131-143
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• 2018

Phosphorus (P) is a limited, essential, and irreplaceable nutrient for the biological activity of all the living organisms. Sewage sludge ash (SSA) is one of the most important secondary P resources due to its high P content. The SSA has been intensively investigated to recover P by wet chemicals (acid or alkali). Even though $H_2SO_4$ was mainly used to extract P because of its low cost and accessibility, the formation of $CaSO_4$ (gypsum) hinders its use. Heavy metals in the SSA also cause a significant problem in P recovery since fertilizer needs to meet government standards for human health. Therefore, P recovery process with selective heavy metal removal needs to be developed. In this paper some of the most advanced P recovery processes have been introduced and discussed their technical characteristics. The results showed that further research is needed to identify the chemical mechanisms of P transformation in the recovery process and to increase P recovery efficiency and the yields.

• Korean Journal of Ophthalmology
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.488-496
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing visual field recovery after transsphenoidal approach-tumor resection (TSA-TR) in pituitary adenoma patients with visual field defects (VFDs). Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 102 eyes of 102 patients with VFDs induced by pituitary adenomas who underwent TSA-TR between January 2010 and December 2015. All patients had been observed for more than one year. The severity of the VFD in each patient was evaluated using the mean deviation (MD) and pattern standard deviation in the most-affected eye. Clinical and demographic data such as preoperative visual acuity and visual field, age, sex, tumor volume, neurological symptoms at diagnosis, duration of symptoms, patterns of the preoperative VFD, and preoperative central VFD were investigated and analyzed for association with recovery of the visual field. Results: Recovery from VFDs occurred in 71 (69.6%) eyes after a mean period of $18.36{\pm}5.21$ months. The recovery group was younger (p = 0.003), had higher preoperative MD values (p = 0.016), and had better preoperative visual acuity (p = 0.03), compared with the non-recovery group. Preoperative central VFD (p = 0.006) and preoperative bilateral VFD (p = 0.016) were significantly less frequent in the recovery group. Multivariate logistic regression revealed that age at diagnosis (odds ratio [OR], 0.962; p = 0.022), preoperative MD (OR, 1.069; p = 0.046), preoperative central VFD (OR, 0.212; p = 0.039), and preoperative bilateral VFD (OR, 0.212; p = 0.035) were associated with visual field recovery after TSA-TR. Conclusions: Younger age, higher preoperative MD, and the preoperative abscence of central VFD or bilateral VFD were favorable factors influencing visual field recovery after TSA-TR in patients with pituitary adenomas. An understanding of the associated clinical factors may help predict visual outcomes after TSA-TR in pituitary adenoma patients with VFDs.

• 대한조현병학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Objectives: To examine the opinions regarding recovery and assess their will to recover in outpatients with schizophrenia. Methods: Total 98 stable outpatients with schizophrenia were enrolled. To investigate the outpatients' opinions regarding recovery, we asked the subjects to write down the ways they could think they had recovered from their current disease. We classified their answers and chose final 39 statements. Using this questionnaire, they were asked to what extent they agreed with each statement. Moreover, the Recovery Assessment Scale (RAS) was used to measure the subjects' will to recover. Results: Many of the 39 subjects who were surveyed about their opinions on recovery agreed on 11 statements about taking medicine, social life, daily life, social functioning, positivity about life (happiness, hope, confidence, and tranquility), symptoms, occupation, and self-control. The RAS score showed a significant correlation with age (r=-0.26, p<0.01), age at onset (r=0.26, p<0.01), duration of illness (r=-0.52, p<0.01), and number of hospitalization (r=-0.46, p<0.01). Conclusion: This study shows that positivity about life is an important part of the patients' subjective recovery criteria in schizophrenia. Therefore, if clinicians pay more attention to this part of subjective recovery, it would strengthen the patients' will for recovery.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1973

수도삼요소(水稻三要素) 이용율(利用率)(1967 및 1968년(年))과 기상권(氣象圈), 답토양(畓土壤) 단면(斷面)의 추적양식(推積樣式) 배수등급(排水等級) 토성(土性) 및 작토(作土)의 토양화학적(土壤化學的) 특성(特性)과의 관계(關係)를 검토(檢討)한 결과(結果) 다음과 같은 결과(結果)를 얻었다. 1. N이용율(利用率)은 남부(南部)>중부(中部)>북부(北部)의 순(順)이고 K이용율(利用率)은 남부(南部)>북부(北部)>중부(中部)의 순(順)이며 P이용율(利用率)은 연도별(年度別)로 다르다. 2. P이용율(利用率)은 남부(南部)의 도(道)에서 연도별(年度別) 변동(變動)이 크고 추적(推積) 배수(排水) 토성별(土性別)에서도 연도별(年度別) 변동(變動)이 커서 토양(土壤)과 기상(氣象)의 교호작용(交互作用)에 크게 영향 받는것을 알 수 있다. 3. 추적양식별(推積樣式別) N이용율(利用率)은 Alluvial Colluvial (AC)>Alluvial (A)>Fluvomarine (FM)>Old Alluvial (OA)의 순(順)이고 K이용율(利用率)은 OA>AC>A>FM의 순(順)이다. 4. N이용율(利用率)은 토양단면(土壤斷面)의 배수(排水)가 양호(良好)할수록 적어지고 K와 P의 이용율(利用率)은 약간양호(若間良好)에서 높은 경향이고 불량(不良)이나 매우 양호(良好)의 편에서 낮은 경향이다. 5. N이용율(利用率)은 미사식양질(微砂埴壤質)에서 가장높고 사질(砂質)로 갈수록 떨어지며 식질(埴質)에서도 낮으나 K와 P 이용율(利用率)은 식양질(埴壤質) 이하(以下)의 토성(土性)에서 높은 경향(傾向)이다. 6. N이용율(利用率)은 지산 극락 신답통에서 크고 화동 규암 용지 화봉에서 적었다. 7. N이용율(利用率)은 토양중(土壤中) 유기물함량(有機物含量)(OM), Ca 및 CEC와 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 보이고 P이용율(利用率)이 높았던 해에만 P함량(含量)과 유의부상관(有意負相關)을 보였으며 P이용율(利用率)은 CEC, Mg 및 Ca와 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 보였다. 8. K이용율(利用率)은 그것이 적었던 해에는 K/(Ca+Mg), P, OM, K의 순(順)으로 부상관(負相關)을 Ca, Mg, CEC 순(順)으로 정상관(正相關)을 보였는데 K/(Ca+Mg)와만 유의성(有意性)이 있으며 K이용율(利用率)이 큰 해에는 P, OM, K/(Ca+Mg) K의 순(順)으로 정상관(正相關)을 CEC, Mg, Ca 순(順)으로 부상관(負相關)을 보였는네 P, OM, CEC 와만 유의성(有意性)을 갖는다. K이용율(利用率)이 컸던 해에만 토양중 K는 토양중 P 및 OM과 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 갖는다. 9. 삼요소이용율(三要素利用率)과 pH는 유의성(有意性)은 없으나 부상관(負相關)이다. 10. OM은 P K 및 K/(Ca+Mg)와 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 Mg와는 유의부상관(有意負相關)을, P는 K, K/Ca+Mg와 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 Mg 및 CEC와 유의(有意) 부상관(負相關)을 K는 K/(Ca+Mg), Mg 및 CEC와 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 K/(Ca+Mg)는 Ca와 유의정상관(有意正相關)을 Mg 및 CEC와는 유의부상관(有意負相關)을, Ca는 Mg CEC 및 pH와, Mg는 CEC와 유의(有意) 정상관(正相關)을 보였다. 11. 삼요소(三要素) 이용율(利用率) 및 토양(土壤)의 화학적(化學的) 특성(特性) 상호간(相互間)의 관계에서 OM이 시비(施肥)N의 흡수(吸收)를 돕고 K흡수(吸收)는 K보다 K/(Ca+Mg)에 의(依)하여, P흡수(吸收)는 Mg에 의(依)하여 크게 영향받는 것을 알수있고 P와 K이용율(利用率)이 해에 따라 다른 원인(原因)이 부분적(部分的)으로 설명(說明)될 수 있었다.

• 한국항행학회논문지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2023

UPRT(Upset Prevention And Recovery Training)은 2001년과 2011년 사이에 상업항공에서 발생한 항공기 사고 중 주요 원인이 LOC-I(비행 중 조종능력상실; Loss Of Control In flight)으로 분석된 이후 3년의 시간에 걸쳐 개발된 사고 예방 훈련 프로그램이다. 2014년 ICAO는 Doc.10011(Manual On Aeroplane Upset Prevention And Recovery Training)을 통해 고정익항공기에 대한 UPRT를 제시하였고 2019년 3월부터 체약국에 의무시행을 권고하였다. 해군 P-3C는 해상초계와 대잠전이 주요 임무이기 때문에 저고도(70~600 m)에서 비행하는 시간이 많고 P-3C 대다수의 조종사들이 비행착각을 경험한바 비정상 자세 예방 및 회복훈련은 해군 P-3C 조종사에게는 반드시 필요한 훈련이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 해군이 보유하고 있는 P-3C 시뮬레이터를 이용하여 제한적인 상태에서의 비정상 자세 예방 및 회복훈련 방안을 제시하고자 한다.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2022

혐기성 소화 슬러지 탈리여액을 대상으로 마그네슘 공급원이 인산암모늄마그네슘(MAP) 결정화에 의한 인산염 회수에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보기 위해 회분식 실험을 실시하였다. 마그네슘 공급원으로 염화마그네슘, 수산화마그네슘 그리고 산화마그네슘을 사용하여 다양한 pH (7.5, 8.0 및 8.5) 조건 및 Mg/P 몰 비율(1.0, 1.5, 2.0 및 2.5)에서 인산염 회수를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 마그네슘 공급원과 관계없이 pH 조건과 Mg/P 몰 비율이 높을수록 인산염 회수율이 증가하였다. pH가 가장 낮은 7.5의 조건에서는 Mg/P 몰 비율이 증가할수록 인산염 회수율이 증가하였는데 산화마그네슘, 수산화마그네슘, 염화마그네슘의 순으로 높았다. 그러나 pH가 가장 높은 8.5의 조건에서는 Mg/P 몰 비율과 관계없이 모든 마그네슘 공급원에서 90% 이상의 높은 인 회수율을 얻을 수 있었다. 따라서 낮은 pH 조건에서도 높은 인산염 회수율을 얻을 수 있었던 수산화마그네슘과 산화마그네슘이 경제적인 측면뿐만 아니라 효율적인 측면에서도 염화마그네슘을 대체할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국가축번식학회지
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1998

A study was made to investigate the effects of concerning factors with IGF-I recovery on the final IGF-I concentration in the effluent and to establish recovery conditions of IGF-I using liquid emulsion membranes(LEM). D2EHPA was best carrier among Amberlite LA2, Aliquit 336 and D2EHPA for recovery rate of IGF-I. Recovery rate of IGF-I by D2EHPA volume in the oil phase was increased as increasing D2EHPA volume, and optimal volume of D2EHPA was 5% in this experiment. The recovery rate of IGF-I by D2EHPA was increased by the decreasing from pH 7 to pH 4 of external phase. Therefore, optimal pH value was 4.0. Optimal concentrations of sulfuric acid in internal phase, paraffin oil in oil phase and Span 80 for recovery rate of IGF-I were 0.1M, 2.0% and 5%, respectively, and optimal W/O rate was 2. These results suggested that optimal conditions for recovery of IGF-I were D2EHPA(5%) as carrier, pH 4.0, 0.1M sulfuric acid, 2% paraffin oil, 2.0 W/O rate and 5.0% Span 80.