• 한국재료학회지
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.277-284
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• 2006

The alloys were prepared by a non-consumable vacuum arc melting and homogenized at $1050^{\circ}C$ for 24 hrs. Two kind of surface modifications were performed alkali treatment in 5.0M NaOH solution subsequent and heat treatment in vacuum furnace at $600^{\circ}C$, and were oxidizing treatment at the temperature range of 550 to $750^{\circ}C$ for 30 minutes. After surface modification, these samples were soaked in SBF which consists of nearly the same ion concentration as human blood plasma. Cytotoxicity tests were performed in MTT assay treated L929 fibroblast cell culture, using indirect methods. A porous and thin activated layer was formed on Titanium and Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy by the alkali treatment. A bone-like hydroxyapatite was nucleated on the activated porous surfaces during the in vitro test. However, Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloys showed better bioactive properties than Titanium. According to XRD results, oxide layers composed of mostly $TiO_2$(rutile) phases. Cytotoxicity test also revealed that moderate oxidation treatment lowers cell toxicity and Ti-8Ta-3Nb alloy showed better results compared with Titanium.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2006년도 춘계 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2006

Acid drainage occurs when sulfide minerals are exposed to an oxidizing environment. The objective of this study was to examine the optimum condition for creating a phosphate coating on standard pyrite surfaces for reduction of pyrite oxidation. The solution of $10^{-2}M\;KH_2PO_4\;10^{-2}M\;H_2O_2$ pH 6 was identified as the best phosphate coating agent for the reduction of pyrite oxidation. The formation of an iron phosphate coating on pyrite surfaces was confirmed with ore microscope and scanning electron microscope equipped with energy dispersive spectroscopy. The temperature did not significantly affect on the formation of phosphate coating on the surface of pyrite. However, the phosphate coating was less stable at higher temperature than at lower temperature. The phosphate coating was quitely stable at wide range of pH and $H_2O_2$ concentration. The less than 3.4% of phosphate was dissolved at pH 2.79 and 10.64 and less than 1.0% of phosphate was dissolved at 0.1M $H_2O_2$. On the basis of these results, the phosphate coating can effectively reduce the negative environmental of acid rock drainage.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1986

This paper is concerned with a gas sensor composed of semi-conducting ${\gamma}$-$Fe_2O_3$ ceramics made by oxidizing $Fe_2O_3$ sintered body. Acicular $\alpha$-FeOOH powder prepared by precipitation of $FeSO_4$.$7H_2O$ solution was transformed to $FeSO_4$ sintered at 700$^{\circ}$-850$^{\circ}$C for 1 hr. and then oxidized to ${\gamma}$-$Fe_2O_3$ The gas sensitive properties of ${\gamma}$-$Fe_2O_3$ ceramic bodies based on the lectrical resistance change was measured in 0.5-2 vol% $H_2$ and $C_2$ $H_2$ gas at 35$0^{\circ}C$ The specific surface area of sintered specimen largely dependent on the sintering temperature and grain shape directly affected the gas sensitive pro-perties of ${\gamma}$-$Fe_2O_3$gas sensor. Specimens having larger specific surface area showed better sensitivity which means the electrical resistance change due to oxidation and reduction process occurs on ly at the surface of grains microscopically in the ${\gamma}$-$Fe_2O_3$ceramics. Micropores made in $Fe_2O_3$ powder during dehydration of $\alpha$-FeOOH can not prompt the gas sensitive properties of sintered ${\gamma}$-$Fe_2O_3$ because they are sintered or closed in the grains during sintering process and dose not affect the specific surface area of sintered body.

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2010년도 제39회 하계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.285-285
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• 2010

Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a direct band gap semiconductor with 3.37 eV, which has in a hexagonal wurtzite structure. ZnO is a good candidate for a photocatalyst because it has physical and chemical stability, high oxidative properties, and absorbs of ultraviolet light. During ZnO is irradiated by UV light, redox (reduction and oxidation) reactions will occur on the ZnO surface, generating the radicals O2- and OH. These two powerful oxidizing agents have been proven to be effective in decomposition of harmful organic materials, converting them into CO2 and H2O. Therefore, we assume that oxygen on the surface of ZnO is a very important factor in the photocatalytic activities of ZnO nanoparticles. Recently, ZnO nanoparticles are studied in various application fields by many researchers. Photocatalyst research is progressing much in various application fields. But the ZnO nanoparticles have disadvantage that is unstable in water in comparison titanium dioxide (TiO2). The Zn(OH)2 was formed at the ZnO surface and ZnO become inactive as a photocatalyst when ZnO is present in the solution. Therefore, we prepared synthesized ZnO nanoaprticles that were immersed in the water and dried in the oven. After that, we measured photocatalytic activities of prepared samples and find the cause of their phtocatalytic activity changes. The characterization of ZnO nanoparticles were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and BET test. Also we defined the photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanoparticles using UV-VIS Spectroscopy. And we explained changing of photocatalytic activity after the water treatment using X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS).

• 한국진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국진공학회 2011년도 제40회 동계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.423-423
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• 2011

Zinc oxide is metal oxide semiconductor with the 3.37 eV bandgap energy. Zinc oxide is very attractive materials for many application fields. Zinc Oxide has many advantages such as high conductivity and good transmittance in visible region. Also it is cheaper than other semiconductor materials such as indium tin oxide (ITO). Therefore, ZnO is alternative material for ITO. ZnO is attracting attention for its application to transparent conductive oxide (TCO) films, surface acoustic wave (SAW), films bulk acoustic resonator (FBAR), piezoelectric materials, gas-sensing, solar cells and photocatalyst. In this study, we synthesized ZnO nanoparticles and defined their physical and chemical properties. Also we studied about the application of ZnO nanoparticles as a photocatalyst and try to find a enhancement photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanorticles.. We synthesized ZnO nanoparticles using spray-pyrolysis method and defined the physical and optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles in experiment I. When the ZnO are exposed to UV light, reduction and oxidation (REDOX) reaction will occur on the ZnO surface and generate O2- and OH radicals. These powerful oxidizing agents are proven to be effective in decomposition of the harmful organic materials and convert them into CO2 and H2O. Therefore, we investigated that the photocatalytic activity was increased through the surface modification of synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. In experiment II, we studied on the stability of ZnO nanoparticles in water. It is well known that ZnO is unstable in water in comparison with TiO2. Zn(OH)2 was formed at the ZnO surface and ZnO become inactive as a photocatalyst when ZnO is present in the solution. Therefore, we prepared synthesized ZnO nanoparticles that were immersed in the water and dried in the oven. After that, we measured photocatalytic activities of prepared samples and find the cause of their photocatalytic activity changes.

• 분석과학
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• 제23권6호
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• pp.560-565
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• 2010

과염소산 이온($ClO_4^-$)은 로켓, 그리고 미사일 추진체등의 군사적 무기에 산화제로서 널리 사용이 되고 있다. 또한 주요 오염물질로 간주되는 과염소산 이온을 분해하려는 연구도 계속 진행이 되고 있다. 과염소산 이온을 환원 분해 처리하기위한 촉매로는 0가 철이 많이 응용되고 있다. 0가 철은 지표수의 정화나 오염물질의 처리에 널리 활용이 되고 있는 물질이다. 그러나 이것은 뭉침이 잘 일어나고 쉽게 침전이 되며 제한적인 유동성을 갖는 경향이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 칼슘-알지네이트 고분자를 응용하여 나노크기의 0가 철 입자를 고정시켜 안정화하고 과염소산 이온을 환원분해 하였다. 안정화된 0가 철 입자는 분산되어 넓은 표면적을 가지기 때문에 과염소산 이온의 환원분해 효율을 더욱 증가 시킨다. 본 연구에서는 지지체 물질인 알지네이트 비드로 0가 철을 고정화하는 방법을 개발하고 가교제 역할을 하는 칼슘이온을 함께 사용하였다. 이것을 이용하여 과염소산 이온의 환원분해 효율을 온도를 변화하면서 실험 하였고 재사용 가능성을 점검하였다.

• 공업화학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.386-391
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 상압 저온 코로나 방전 플라즈마를 화산암재(스코리아) 분말의 살균에 적용하였다. 스코리아 분말에 Escherichia coli (E. coli) 배양액을 살포하여 균일하게 혼합한 후, 코로나 방전 플라즈마 특성 인자인 방전전력, 방전시간, 주입기체, 전극간격 등의 조건을 변화시키며 E. coli 살균효율을 조사하였다. 실험 결과 상압 저온 코로나 방전 플라즈마는 분말상의 스코리아 살균에 아주 효과적인 것으로 나타났으며, 방전전력 15 W에서 5 min 동안 살균한 결과 E. coli가 99.9% 이상 사멸하였다. 방전전력, 방전시간, 인가전압이 증가할수록 사멸율이 향상되었다. 반응기에 주입되는 기체의 종류에 따른 살균력 실험 결과, 산소 > 모사공기(산소 20%) > 질소 순으로 나타났다. 코로나 방전 플라즈마에 의한 E. coli 살균은 자외선과 활성산화종(산소라디칼, OH라디칼, 오존 등)에 의한 세포막 침식 및 에칭, 그리고 플라즈마 방전 스트리머에 의한 대장균 세포막 파괴로 설명할 수 있다.

• 공업화학
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.593-596
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 염기조건에서 수열합성법으로 소듐 티타네이트 나노시트를 합성하였다. 합성한 소듐 티타네이트 나노시트를 $RuCl_3$ 수용액에서 자외선을 조사하여 루테늄을 소듐 티타네이트 나노시트의 표면에 도입하였다. X-선 회절분석과 투과전자현미경 및 에너지 분산형 분광기 실험을 통하여 샘플의 결정성과 형태를 분석하였고, 그 결과 루테늄원자가 소듐 티타네이트 표면에 균일하게 흡착되어 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 유도결합플라즈마 발광분광분석법을 통하여 소듐 티타네이트 나노시트에 도입된 루테늄을 정량하였다. 루테늄이 도입된 소듐 티타네이트 나노시트의 경우 산소를 산화제로 이용한 알코올 산화반응에 응용하였으며, 특히 루테늄이 7% 도입된 소듐 티타네이트 나노시트는 $105^{\circ}C$, 1기압 상에서 벤질 알코올을 다른 부산물 없이 벤즈알데하이드로 산화시키는 데 있어서 turnover frequency가 $2.1h^{-1}$인 촉매활성을 보였다.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제6권1_2호
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• pp.27-36
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• 1973

The effect of water activity on degradation of pigments in dried lavers, Porphyra tenera Kjellm. was examined when stored at room temperature for fifty days. Chlorophyll pigment was extracted with methanol-petroleum ether mixture solvent(2:1 v/v), partitioned in ether, and analysed spectrophotometrically at 662 nm as chlorophyll a. The degradation products of chlorophyll were isolated on sugar-starch column(85:15 w/w) with n-propanol-petroleum ether solution(1:200 v/v) as a developing solvent. The isolated green colored zones were analysed individually at the wavelengths of 650, 662, and 667 nm as allomerized product, chlorophyll a retained, and pheophytin formed respectively. Carotenoida were also extracted with the methanol mixture solvent, partitioned in ether, and finally redissolved in acetone after the evaporation of ether in a rotary vacuum evaporator. The total carotenoid content was measured as lutein at 450 nm. From the results, it is noted that the rate of chlorophyll degradation reached a minimum at 0.11 to 0.33 water activity while progressively increased at higher moisture levels resulting in rapid conversion of chlorophyll to pheophytin. At lower activity, autocatalysed oxidizing reaction like allomerization seemed prevailing the acid catalysed conversion reaction. The loss of carotenoid pigment was also greatly reduced at the range of 0.22 to 0.34 water activity with much faster oxidative degradation at both higher and extremely lower moisture levels. These two moisture levels indicated above at which the both pigments exhibited maximum stability are considerably higher than the BET monolayer moisture which appeared 7.91 percent on dry basis at Aw=0.10 calculated from the adsorption isothermal data of the sample at $20^{\circ}C$. The rate of pigment loss in heat treated samples at 60 and $100^{\circ}C$ for 2 hours prior to storage somewhat decreased, particularly at higher moisture levels although the final pigment retention was not much stabilized.

• 청정기술
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.367-374
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• 2014

0.1~1 M의 철킬레이트 화합물을 이용한 화학흡수반응에 의한 바이오가스내 황화수소제거를 위한 실험이 수행되었다. 철킬레이트 화합물을 이용한 황화수소제거는 철킬레이트의 최적산화반응을 통해 이루어진다. 바이오가스에 존재하는 황화수소는 킬레이트농도 및 pH 등의 공정조건에 따라 효과적으로 제거될 뿐만 아니라 철킬레이트 산화반응에 의해 황화수소내 존재하는 황성분을 생성시킨다. Fe-EDTA의 농도가 증가하면 철킬레이트 화합물의 착물이 안정되어 황생성의 전환이 증가하였다. 또한 철킬레이트화합물의 안정도는 pH에 따라 변하는 중요한 인자이고 pH 9에서 최적반응을 나타냈다.