• Title/Summary/Keyword: Oxidative stress.

Search Result 3,505, Processing Time 0.027 seconds

Effects of excessive dietary methionine on oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in chronic ethanol-treated rats

  • Kim, Seon-Young;Kim, Hyewon;Min, Hyesun
    • Nutrition Research and Practice
    • /
    • v.9 no.2
    • /
    • pp.144-149
    • /
    • 2015
  • BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of high dietary methionine (Met) consumption on plasma and hepatic oxidative stress and dyslipidemia in chronic ethanol fed rats. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Wistar rats were fed control or ethanol-containing liquid diets supplemented without (E group) or with DL-Met at 0.6% (EM1 group) or 0.8% (EM2 group) for five weeks. Plasma aminothiols, lipids, malondialdehyde (MDA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase were measured. Hepatic folate, S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), and S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH) were measured. RESULTS: DL-Met supplementation was found to increase plasma levels of homocysteine (Hcy), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and MDA compared to rats fed ethanol alone and decrease plasma ALT. However, DL-Met supplementation did not significantly change plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol, cysteine, cysteinylglycine, and glutathione. In addition, DL-Met supplementation increased hepatic levels of folate, SAM, SAH, and SAM:SAH ratio. Our data showed that DL-Met supplementation can increase plasma oxidative stress and atherogenic effects by elevating plasma Hcy, TG, and TC in ethanol-fed rats. CONCLUSION: The present results demonstrate that Met supplementation increases plasma oxidative stress and atherogenic effects by inducing dyslipidemia and hyperhomocysteinemia in ethanol-fed rats.

Roles of Oxidative Stress in the Development and Progression of Breast Cancer

  • Nourazarian, Ali Reza;Kangari, Parisa;Salmaninejad, Arash
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.15 no.12
    • /
    • pp.4745-4751
    • /
    • 2014
  • Oxidative stress is caused by an imbalance in the redox status of the body. In such a state, increase of free radicals in the body can lead to tissue damage. One of the most important species of free radicals is reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by various metabolic pathways, including aerobic metabolism in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. It plays a critical role in the initiation and progression of various types of cancers. ROS affects different signaling pathways, including growth factors and mitogenic pathways, and controls many cellular processes, including cell proliferation, and thus stimulates the uncontrolled growth of cells which encourages the development of tumors and begins the process of carcinogenesis. Increased oxidative stress caused by reactive species can reduce the body's antioxidant defense against angiogenesis and metastasis in cancer cells. These processes are main factors in the development of cancer. Bimolecular reactions cause free radicals in which create such compounds as malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydroxyguanosine. These substances can be used as indicators of cancer. In this review, free radicals as oxidizing agents, antioxidants as the immune system, and the role of oxidative stress in cancer, particularly breast cancer, have been investigated in the hope that better identification of the factors involved in the occurrence and spread of cancer will improve the identification of treatment goals.

Soybean Oligosaccharide Reduces Oxidative Stress in Streptozotocin-injected Rats

  • Kim, Hye-Young P.;Kim, Mi-Hyun;Kim, Ji-Young;Kim, Woo-Kyung;Kim, Sook-he
    • Nutritional Sciences
    • /
    • v.6 no.2
    • /
    • pp.67-72
    • /
    • 2003
  • This study was conducted to investigate the effect of oligosaccharide on the reduction of oxidative stress. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed an AIN-93G diet or a diet containing 5% soybean oligosaccharide for 6 weeks. Each group was divided into two sub-groups after streptozotocin (STZ) injection and fed the control diet or the diet containing oligosaccharide for the next 12 days. The number of fecal bifidobacteria increased significantly in groups fed oligosaccharide diet. Elevated blood glucose concentration after STZ injection declined faster in the oligosaccharide fed group. Liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substance concentration, as an indicator of oxidative stress, did not increase in groups fed the oligosaccharide diet after the STZ injection. In addition, these groups had significantly higher glutathione peroxidase activity both in the plasma and the liver than groups fed the control diet. The results of this study suggest that soybean oligosaccharide has a beneficial effect in reducing oxidative stress in streptozotocin-injected rats.

Effects of Apium graveolens Extract on the Oxidative Stress in the Liver of Adjuvant-Induced Arthritic Rats

  • Sukketsiri, Wanida;Chonpathompikunlert, Pennapa;Tanasawet, Supita;Choosri, Nutjanat;Wongtawatchai, Tulaporn
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
    • /
    • v.21 no.2
    • /
    • pp.79-84
    • /
    • 2016
  • Apium graveolens Linn. (Apiaceae) is an indigenous plant of the North and South Americas, Southern Europe, and Asia and has been widely used as a food or a traditional medicine for treatment of inflammation and arthritis. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antioxidant effects of a methanolic extract of A. graveolens (AGE) against liver oxidative stress in an adjuvant-induced arthritic rat model. The AGE (250, 500, and 1,000 mg/kg) was given orally for 24 consecutive days after induction by injecting complete Freund's adjuvant. Liver and spleen weights were recorded. The superoxide anion level, total peroxide (TP), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, total antioxidant status, and oxidative stress index (OSI) were also measured. AGE treatment significantly decreased the levels of the superoxide anion, TP, and OSI whereas the GPx and SOD activities significantly increased in the liver of the arthritic rats. These results indicated that AGE showed an ameliorative effect against liver oxidative stress in adjuvant-induced arthritic rats by reducing the generation of liver free radicals and increasing the liver antioxidant enzyme activity.

Sodium nitroprusside mediates seedling development and attenuation of oxidative stresses in Chinese cabbage

  • Sung, Chang-Hyun;Hong, Jeum-Kyu
    • Plant Biotechnology Reports
    • /
    • v.4 no.4
    • /
    • pp.243-251
    • /
    • 2010
  • Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to be involved in diverse physiological processes in microbes, animals and plants. In this study, the involvement of NO in the development and possible roles in oxidative stress protection of Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa subsp. pekinensis cv. Samrack-ulgari) seedlings were investigated. Exogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) retarded root elongation, while increasing lateral root formation of Chinese cabbage. Plants showed no signs of external stress due to SNP application in true leaves. Cotyledons of 3-week-old Chinese cabbage plants were found to be highly sensitive to SNP application. Treated cotyledons displayed rapid tissue collapse and associated cell death. Although SNP application reduced root growth under normal growth conditions, it also enhanced methyl viologen (MV)-mediated oxidative stress tolerance. Analysis of SNP application to Chinese cabbage leaf disks, revealed SNP-induced tolerance against oxidative stresses by MV and $H_2O_2$, and evidence includes prevention of chlorophyll loss, superoxide anion (${O_2}^-$) accumulation and lipid peroxidation. This report supports a role for nitric oxide in modulating early seedling development, programmed cell death and stress tolerance in Chinese cabbage.

Neuroprotective Effect according to Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Activity from Extracts of Cudrania tricuspidata Leaves (활성산소 소거활성에 따른 꾸지뽕잎 추출물의 신경세포 보호 효과)

  • Kang, Young-Kyoung;Lee, Eun-Ah;Park, Hae-Ryong
    • Korean journal of food and cookery science
    • /
    • v.28 no.6
    • /
    • pp.821-828
    • /
    • 2012
  • In an attempt to identify the neuroprotective effect of Cudrania tricuspidata (CT) leaves against ROS (reactive oxygen species)-induced oxidative stress in neuronal cells, the extracts from CT leaves were investigated using PC12 cells and N18-RE-105 cells. The methanolic and ethanolic extracts from CT were denoted as CTM (Cudrania tricuspidata Leaves methanolic extracts) and CTE (Cudrania tricuspidata Leaves ethanolic extracts), respectively. The neuroprotective effects of the extracts were measured by DCF-DA assay, MTT reduction assay, and LDH release assay. The PC12 cells exposed to $H_2O_2$-induced oxidative stress and the N18-RE-105 cells exposed to glutamate-induced oxidative stress were treated with various concentrations of CTM and CTE. The results, CTM treatments resulted in the induction of a dose-dependent protective effect in PC12 cells and N18-RE-105 cells. Interestingly, CTE also showed neuroprotective effect in PC12 cells and N18-RE-105 cells. Therefore, these results suggest that CTM and CTE could be a new potential candidate as neuroprotective agents against ROS-induced oxidative stress in neuronal cells.

Alterations of Antioxidant Enzymes in Response to Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants (산화적 스트레스 및 항산화제가 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향)

  • 김안근;김지현
    • Biomolecules & Therapeutics
    • /
    • v.9 no.4
    • /
    • pp.249-257
    • /
    • 2001
  • The effect of oxidative stress on the alterations of different antioxidant enzyme activities was investigated in human skin melanoma cell line (SK-MEL-2). Oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$). SK-MEL-2 cells were treated with antioxidants such as vitamin E and selenomethionine in combination with $H_2O$$_2$. SK-MEL-$_2$ cells were exposed to various concentrations of $H_2O$$_2$ and measured the time course of changes in cell viability and antioxidant enzyme activities for 24 hr. Oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to 2.5mM hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) resulted in declining significantly for 24 hr. GPX and CAT activities peaked at 3 hr and returned to control levels by 24 hr. On the contrary, SOD activity was inactive before 6 hr but recovered at 24 hr. In case vitamin E (Vit E) and selenomethionine (Se-Met) were used at nontoxic concentrations (25$\mu$M Vit E/500$\mu$M Se-Met) to oxidative stress was induced by the exposure to hydrogen peroxide ($H_2O$$_2$) led to a 3- and 5-fold increase on the viability comparing to control and caused an increase in GPX activity respectively.

  • PDF

N-acetylcysteine modulates cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression, liver injury, and oxidative stress in miniature pigs

  • Kang, Kyung Soo;Shin, Sangsu;Lee, Sang In
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.62 no.3
    • /
    • pp.348-355
    • /
    • 2020
  • Cyclophosphamide, a cytotoxic anticancer agent, induces immunosuppression and has several adverse effects. N-acetylcysteine alleviates oxidative stress, liver injury, and intestinal tissue damage. The present study examined whether N-acetylcysteine modulates the adverse effects of cyclophosphamide in pigs. Miniature pigs (n = 15) were used as an experimental model to evaluate the effects of N-acetylcysteine treatment on immune reactions, liver injury, and oxidative stress after cyclophosphamide challenge. Corn-soybean meal based dietary treatments were as follows: control diet with either saline injection, cyclophosphamide injection, or 0.5% N-acetylcysteine and cyclophosphamide injection. N-acetylcysteine increased the number of immune cells and decreased TNF-α production after cyclophosphamide injection and decreased TNF-α, IFN-γ, NF-κB, and IL-8 expression and increased IL-10 expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Serum levels of alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase decreased, superoxide dismutase activity increased, and malondialdehyde activity decreased following N-acetylcysteine treatment after cyclophosphamide injection. N-acetylcysteine decreases immunosuppression, liver injury, and oxidative stress in cyclophosphamide-challenged miniature pigs. The present study suggests that N-acetylcysteine has therapeutic application in livestock for modulating immune reactions, liver injury, and oxidative stress.

An embryoprotective role for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in developmental oxidative stress and chemical teratogenesis

  • Nicol, Christopher J.;Zielenski, Julian;Tsui, Lap-Chee;Wells, Peter G.
    • Proceedings of the Korea Environmental Mutagen Society Conference
    • /
    • 2002.05a
    • /
    • pp.48-64
    • /
    • 2002
  • The primary recognized health risk from common deficiencies in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), a cytoprotective enzyme for oxidative stress, is red blood cell hemolysis. Here we show that litters from untreated pregnant mutant mice with a hereditary G6PD deficiency had increased prenatal (fetal resorptions) and postnatal death. When treated with the anticonvulsant drug phenytoin, a human teratogen that is commonly used in pregnant women and causes embryonic oxidative stress, G6PD-deficient dams had higher embryonic DNA oxidation and more fetal death and birth defects. The reported G6PD gene mutation was confirmed and used to genotype fetal resorptions, which were primarily G6PD deficient. This is the first evidence that G6PD is a developmentally critical cytoprotective enzyme for both endogenous and xenobiotic-initiated embryopathic oxidative stress and DNA damage. G6PD deficiencies accordingly may have a broader biological relevance as important determinants of infertility, in utero and postnatal death, and teratogenesis.-Nicol, C. J., Zielenski, J., Tsui, L.-C., Wells, P. G. An embryoprotective role for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in developmental oxidative stress and chemical teratogenesis.

  • PDF

Evaluation of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Enzyme Expression in Human Hepatocarcinoma SK-Hep-1 Cells Treated with Stearic Acid (인간 간암 세포주인 SK-Hep-1에서 Stearic Acid에 의한 산화적 스트레스 및 항산화효소의 발현변화 평가)

  • Oh, Jung-Min;Lee, Ji-Yoon;Lee, Gwan-Ho;Kim, Bong-Hee;Kim, Sang-Kyum
    • YAKHAK HOEJI
    • /
    • v.56 no.1
    • /
    • pp.14-19
    • /
    • 2012
  • Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH) is serious metabolic disease related to fatty acid. According to "two hit theory", fatty acid-induced oxidative stress is important factor to progress nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from steatosis. In this study, we evaluated stearic acid induced oxidative stress in human hepatocarcinoma SK-Hep-1 cell. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde and expression of antioxidant enzymes were determined at various time-points and concentrations of stearic acid. At 0.2 mM, non-toxic concentration, of stearic acid, production of ROS was significantly increased at 24 hours and the level of GSH was significantly decreased. Expression of superoxide dismutase-1 and 2 was slightly increased in 0.2 mM stearic acid at 24 hours. These results represent that the non-toxic concentration of stearic acid resulted in oxidative stress, suggesting that stearic acid may play a critical role in development of steatohepatitis.