• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.107-128
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• 2015

Technology innovation is a competitive weapon of sustainable economic growth at the urban and regional level and the growth of firms. In this study, we empirically investigate the effects of collaborative R&D activity on product innovative outputs and process innovative outputs in manufacturing firms in Korea. We analyze the links between collaborative R&D activity and two types of innovative outputs using an alternative negative binomial regression model. The major finding is that collaborative R&D activity has significant positive effects on both product and process innovation. The results also identify a positive link between all types of innovative outputs and other R&D activities including internal R&D activity, patent activity, external technology and capital goods acquisitions. To induce corporate growth that enhances the productivity of individual firms and produces prolonged economic growth, policy makers should place greater emphasis on creating effective arrangements to promote establishing collaborative R&D strategies for manufacturing firms.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.34 no.5
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• pp.419-430
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• 2007

It is very important to track whether software is properly developed according to requirements. This study suggests a method to track requirements by using a tracking table. In this study, the tracking table indicates why such requirements are included by detailing the content of requests for proposals and proposals. The table also facilitates verification of the consistency between outputs and the integrity by having ID codes of each requirement mapped to each output. Furthermore, as this study was conducted, it was found that some factors were required to be added or supplemented to the outputs at the requirement gathering stage of MaRMI-Ⅲ v.4.0 methodology. Thus, this study seeks to present this additional result along with the enhanced tracking table. By verifying outputs, the tracking table presented in this study will help to reduce all kinds of risks and problems that may occur in software development due to the lack of management of requirements. In addition, the output of the requirement-gathering stage of MaRMI-Ⅲ v.4.0 methodology will be improved/supplemented according to the creation of tracking tables; this will increment the applicability of the MaRMI-III methodology.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.4C
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• pp.395-400
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• 2010

This paper proposes a novel two-stage detection scheme based on combining multiple correlator outputs to enhance the detection performance in ultra-wideband (UWB) signal acquisition. Due to the rich multipath of UWB channels, the signal energy spreads over multiple correlator outputs, which makes each correlator output have only a portion of the signal energy, and thus, degrades the detection performance of the conventional scheme where a single correlator output is used as the decision variable for detection. In the proposed two-stage detection scheme, the decision variable is formed by combining multiple correlator outputs, making it possible to collect the signal energy spread by the multipath. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can provide a better detection performance over the conventional scheme in various UWB channel environments.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.9
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• pp.273-285
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• 2021

This study estimates the financial value of return on investment (ROI) of research funds. Four simulation estimations are employed to measure ROI finance value that considers the outputs, outcomes, impacts and total ROI from the allocation input received. Research outputs, outcomes, and impacts can be quantitatively measured based on improvements to existing systems. In terms of input, the Malaysian government has allocated MYR301,350,000 for fundamental research in the 2021 budget compared with 2019, up 9.5 percent from 2019. It brings up the question: To what extent does the input of research funds allocated by the government yield a good return in outputs, outcomes, and impacts to the academic community, society, and country? The result of total ROI shows around MYR7 return is generated by researchers for each Malaysian ringgit channeled by the funder. More specifically, for a research project, it is more difficult to produce impacts and outcomes compared to research outputs. The positive return is evidence that all the allocated funds are beneficial to the stakeholders. The government can apply this approach in calculating ROI for evaluation and fund allocation to universities. Furthermore, the positive financial value of research output, outcome, and impact automatically contribute to a positive innovation environment in Malaysia.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.12
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• pp.1-15
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose a novel method for converting the existing 2D processes in the design and construction phase of civil engineering, to the future BIM-based processes. First, we compare and analyze the actual application processes of the outputs of the existing 2D method and the outputs of the 3D BIM method, for the whole process of BIM design of earthworks and road structures and integrated utilization of quantity, process(4D) and construction cost(5D), in view of life-cycle. The proposed method acquire the outputs of the design phase integrating IFC international common standard file information and CBS/OBS/WBS standard classification scheme information, and acquire the outputs of the construction stage by using an integrated utilization module for quantity, process(4D) and construction cost(5D). Ultimately, we intend to commercialize the step by step technologies for BIM design and construction in civil engineering by using the proposed method.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 2014

A compact dual-band three-way metamaterial power divider is proposed that has three in-phase outputs. Fully printed composite rightand left-handed (CRLH) unequal and equal power dividers are first implemented for 900-MHz and 2.4-GHz bands with the power-division ratios of 2:1 and 1:1, respectively. An initial 1:1:1 power divider is then achieved by incorporating the input of the two-way equal block into an output of the unequal block, and trimming the interconnection parameters. The condition of an identical phase at the three outputs of the power divider is then met by devising a hybrid CRLH phase-shift line to compensate for the different phase errors at the two frequencies. This scheme is confirmed by predicting the performance of the power divider with circuit analysis and full-wave simulation and measuring the fabricated prototype. They results show agreement; the in-phase outputs as well as the desirable power-division are accomplished and outdo the conventional techniques.

• JSTS:Journal of Semiconductor Technology and Science
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.549-556
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• 2014

This paper proposes a highly power-efficient single-inductor multiple-outputs (SIMO) DC-DC converter with a gate charge sharing method in which gate charges of output switches are shared to improve the power efficiency and to reduce the switching power loss. The proposed converter was fabricated by using a $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS process technology with high voltage devices of 5 V. The input voltage range of the converter is from 2.8 V to 4.2 V, which is based on a single cell lithium-ion battery, and the output voltages are 1.0 V, 1.2 V, 1.8 V, 2.5 V, and 3.3 V. Using the proposed gate charge sharing method, the maximum power efficiency is measured to be 87.2% at the total output current of 450 mA. The measured power efficiency improved by 2.1% compared with that of the SIMO DC-DC converter without the proposed gate charge sharing method.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 1997.07f
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• pp.2033-2036
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• 1997

In this paper, we proposed a novel current-fed DC-DC converter with multi-output. It has two winding reactor in series with the input source of the converter. By using the 2nd winding recycling the energy stored in the reactor to the input, the double-outputs DC-DC converter can be created, which makes it a good choice for a multi-output power supply with more outputs and has savings in cost and space. The steady state and dynamic characteristics of the converter are analyzed in detail by using the state space averaging method. It is found that the maximum value of $V_{o2}$ exists in the 2nd output and also during the MOSFET off period, the energy stored in the magnetizing inductance is reset through auxiliary winding $N_3$, so the duty cycle is restricted to 50%. Theoretical and experimental results were taken from the converter rated at switching frequency 50kHz. input voltage 50V. output voltage 5V. 12V and output power 65W. As a result, both results were well consistent. Therefore, it is varified the validity of the proposed converter in this paper.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.377-394
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• 2009

There are some limitations in the existing bibliometric methods to satisfy the various requests of the interest parties including researchers, managers, policy makers to identify 1) which research group or researcher is the key player, and the overall trends of the particular technological sub-fields, 2) which research groups, institutions or countries mainly use their research outputs, 3) what are the spin-offs from research outputs to some scientific and technological fields, 4) in which levels they are when comparing their quantitative and qualitative research outputs to those of other competitive institutions. It is essential to develop new informetric indicators and methodologies in order to satisfy stakeholder's various demands and to strengthen qualitative analysis in measuring research performance. This study suggested informetric indicators such as article quality index, citation impact index, international cooperation index, excellent article production index and methodologies including citation analysis, text mining.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.87-92
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• 2012

This study examines the relationship between R&D investment and subsequent outputs of the research activity. Usually, there is some time difference between the production of research outputs, such as academic papers and application or registration of patents, and the investment of R&D expenditure. The time lag for producing this kind of research outputs should be considered to evaluate the performance of research activity exactly. The purpose of this study is to identify time lag effect between the times of input and output of a R&D activity and to derive the degree of time lag using the data set of a long term R&D program supported by Korean government. A modified Almon model is suggested to identify the time lag effect between input and output of research activities performed by this program. Time-series cross-section data from 16 research centers between 2001 and 2009 are used to find time lag effect.