• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.124-127
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• 2016

Humidity calibration for a temperature-stable quartz oscillator (TSQO) was investigated to exclude the influences of relative humidity on the TSQO output in order to use the corresponding devices outdoors. The TSQO output is a voltage that is inversely proportional to the electric impedance of the quartz oscillator, which depends on the viscosity and density of the measured gas. The TSQO output was humidity calibrated using its humidity dependence, which was obtained by varying the relative humidity (RH) from 0 to 100 RH% while other conditions were kept constant. The humidity dependencies of the TSQO output were fit by a linear function. Subtracting the change in the TSQO output induced by the change in humidity, calculated with the function from the experimentally measured TSQO output for a range of 0-100RH%, eliminated the influence of humidity on the TSQO output. The humidity calibration succeeded in reducing the fluctuations of the TSQO output from 0.4-3% to 0.1-0.3% of the average values for a range of 0-100RH%, at constant temperatures. The necessary stability of the TSQO output for application in hydrogen sensors was below one-third of the change observed for a hydrogen leakage of 1 vol.% hydrogen concentration, corresponding to 0.33% of the change in each background. Therefore, the results in this study indicate that the present humidity calibration effectively suppresses the influence of humidity, for the TSQO output for use as an outdoor hydrogen sensor.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2010

Since the fiber reinforced polymeric (FRP) composites are considered in next generation of space transportation systems, reliable thermal expansion properties should be well provided for structural design of composite materials. To obtain accurate mechanical behaviors at a cryogenic temperature, precise strain measurement and calibration must be provided. In this work, apparent strains (or thermal output) of temperature self-compensated strain gages were deliberately investigated for epoxy, CTBN modified epoxy and carbon fabric composite system from room temperature to liquid nitrogen temperature. Also, fourth-order thermal output curves were presented for the further calibration. The results showed that the thermal output is heavily dependent on test materials and a large amount of apparent strains were observed for the polymer resins.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.37-42
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• 2011

Purpose: The principal objective of this study was to evaluate the power output of ultrasound in Korean clinics and compare the value with Korean and global standards. Methods: A total of 69 units were measured for ultrasound power output. The normal range of power output level was ${\pm}30%$ of the output set according to KFDA standards. Device model, manufacturer, ERA, and BNR were obtained via simple questionnaires. A portable ultrasound power meter was used for output measurement. Results: 37 machines, with reported ERA values, were assessed for power output per unit area. Of these machines, 13 (37.14%) were considered to be compliant with US FDA standards at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, $20W/cm^2$ and 18 (51.43%) were considered within KFDA standards. The remainder of the machines were outside the standard error and evidenced irregular output levels, even though most of them were the same model. Conclusion: Appropriate ultrasound intensity is incredibly important for safety and effective use. Therefore, the KFDA standards regarding ultrasound may require revision in light of global standards, including BNR and ERA additionally, attention should be paid to regular calibration for safe use in clinical practice.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.657-664
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• 1999

This paper introduced the basic theory of LRCS(Linear Reservoir and Channel System) rainfall runoff model proposed by Korean researchers(Lee and Lee, 1995), and discussed the change of model output according to objective functions in sensitivity analysis and calibration process of model. It proposed "hat" matrix and affluence measures for affluence analysis of parameters in calibration, and investigated relationship between change of model output according to error propagation in parameter estimation, and sensitivity of model output according to variance of model output and change of parameters. Accuracy of parameter estimates was known by analysis of sensitivity coefficient, diagonal element $h_i$ and $D_i$._i$.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.25-27
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• 2010

This paper presents a gain and phase mismatch calibration technique for an image-reject RF receiver. The gain mismatch is calibrated by directly measuring the output signal amplitudes of two signal paths. The phase mismatch is calibrated by measuring the output amplitude of the final IF output at the image band. The calibration of the gain and phase mismatch is performed at power-up, and the normal operation of the RF receiver does not interfere with the mismatch calibration circuit. To verify the proposed technique, a 2.4-GHz Weaver image-reject receiver with the gain and phase mismatch calibration circuit is implemented in a 0.18-${\mu}m$ CMOS technology. The overall receiver achieves a voltage gain of 45 dB and a noise figure of 4.8 dB. The image rejection ratio(IRR) is improved from 31 dB to 59.76 dB even with 1 dB and $5^{\circ}$ mismatch in gain and phase, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.22 no.10
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• pp.27-34
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose a novel radiometric calibration method which can effectively compensate the nonlinearity of the detector for hyper-spectral camera. In general, the detector of hyper-spectral camera can produce nonlinear output depending on radiance and integral time. The conventional radiometric calibration methods extract the imprecise radiance profile from the spectral profile of the target due to this nonlinearity. In our proposed method, we use a quadratic equation instead of a linear equation to describe the relation between output of detector and radiance. Then, we use a fractional function to compensate variation of integration time. Thus, our proposed method can extract more precise spectral profile of radiance than conventional radiometric calibration method.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.182-187
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• 2012

Since PV PCS uses output current sensor for ac output current control, the sensor's sensing value includes unnecessary offset inevitably. If PV inverter is controlled by the included offset value, it's output current will generate DC offset. The DC offset of output current for trans-less PV inverter is fatal to grid, which results in saturating grid side transformer. Usually DSP controller of PV inverter reads several times sensing value during initial operation and, finally, it's average value is used for offset calibration. However, if temperature changes, the offset changes, too. Therefore, output current sensor measures sensing value that includes offset again. In this paper we propose new algorithm where two identical forward and reverse sensors are used to calculate the offset in real time. As a result the offset is not correlated with temperature change. The proposed algorithm is verified through PSIM simulation for validity.

• Atmosphere
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.247-261
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• 2018

The objective of this paper is to compare probabilistic temperature forecasts from different regional and global ensemble prediction systems over PyeongChang area. A statistical post-processing method is used to take into account combination and calibration of forecasts from different numerical prediction systems, laying greater weight on ensemble model that exhibits the best performance. Observations for temperature were obtained from the 30 stations in PyeongChang and three different ensemble forecasts derived from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts, Ensemble Prediction System for Global and Limited Area Ensemble Prediction System that were obtained between 1 May 2014 and 18 March 2017. Prior to applying to the post-processing methods, reliability analysis was conducted to identify the statistical consistency of ensemble forecasts and corresponding observations. Then, ensemble model output statistics and bias-corrected methods were applied to each raw ensemble model and then proposed weighted combination of ensembles. The results showed that the proposed methods provide improved performances than raw ensemble mean. In particular, multi-model forecast based on ensemble model output statistics was superior to the bias-corrected forecast in terms of deterministic prediction.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.9 no.12
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• pp.1019-1025
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• 2003

We introduce a new auto-calibration/simulation method for a strain gage type transducer/signal-conditioner which guarantees the output linearity and compensates the error automatically. We design a micro voltage supply which is able to interface either AC or DC type excitation voltage. A new strain gage simulator is also designed. We make linearity output of the signal conditioner and can compensate error automatically with this new auto calibration/simulation method. The experimental results show that the error between the real value and the expected one is less than 1%.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.795-802
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• 1998

For measuring the thermal diffusivity by laser flash method, raw data have to be calibrated using temperature data. We have developed in-process calibration method and polynomial calibration in which thermal diffusivity can be calibrated during measuring, This method is different from existing temperature pre-process calibration method and exponential calibration having various source of error. Using this new calibration method, measurement accuracy was improved about 1∼2% compare to the value by the existing method. We also studied more accurate fitting curve as in Figure 4 was shown the result of measuring output characteristics of IR radiometer with temperature. As illustrated in data, in-process calibration method and polynomial calibration equation is proper than pre-process calibration method and exponential calibration.