• Korean Journal of Digital Imaging in Medicine
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.20-23
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• 1997

The purpose of this paper is to describe the transition of a 1,100 beds teritary hospital from 50% softcopy operation to full PACS operation. For the past 2 years, radiologists and clinicians have been using PACS to provide softcopy services to the outpatient clinics and inpatient wards of orthopedics surgery, neurosurgery and neurology as well as emergency room, surgical intensive care unit, medical intensive unit, pediatrics intensive care unit and neonatal intensive care unit. The examinations requested by these departments account for about 50% of hospital's radiological exams. In September 1996, we began the second phase of PACS implementation and installed additional workstations (102) in the remaining wards and clinics, interfaced to PACS additional imaging modalites, and increased the capacity of both the image server (256 Gbytes) and optical juke boxes (3 Tbytes). As of January 1997, we are in the final phase of moving away from conventional film system to full PACS operation.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.273-279
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• 2015

Objective: Codeine may result in death or respiratory depression in children, particularly who are rapid metabolizer of CYP2D6, therefore it should be used cautiously among children under 12 years of age. This study was to investigate the prescribing pattern of codeine among children according to the age group, prescribed diagnosis, type of medical service and medical specialties. Method: We used Korea Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Sample (HIRA-NPS) database. Study subjects included inpatients or outpatients, who were prescribed codeine between January, 1, 2011 and December, 31, 2011. Contraindicated use of codeine was defined as the use of codeine at least one times under aged 12. Age groups were subclassified according to the <2 years, 2-4 years, 5-8 years, and 9-11 years. Frequently prescribed diagnosis (ICD-10), type of medical service, and medical specialties were also described among codeine users under aged 12. Results: Codeine users were 6,411 inpatients (9,958 prescriptions), and 3,397 outpatients (6,258 prescriptions), respectively. Codeine prescription under 12 years of age were 2.1% (210 prescriptions) among inpatients, and 12.3% (776 prescriptions) among outpatients (p-value<0.05). Outpatient prescriptions of codeine under 12 aged were issued mostly from primary care clinics and frequent diagnosis were unspecified bronchopneumonia (51.6%), and vasomotor rhinitis (23.7%). Conclusion: This study found prescribing of codeine under 12 aged is common in outpatient and primary clinics. Nationwide and community-based efforts should be needed to reduce inappropriate prescribing among children.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.2841-2846
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• 2014

Background: When dealing with breast cancer, early detection is closely associated with determining and closely monitoring high risk groups. The aim of this study was to determine the preventable risk factors that are specific for our country, and to understand which risk factors were most predominant. Materials and Methods: The study was planned as a case-control design. Women diagnosed with breast cancer who visited the Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Radiation Oncology outpatient clinics of the Izmir Dokuz Eylul University (DEU) School of Medicine were accepted as the case group. Then a control group matched for age was established among females who visited the outpatient clinics on the same days. A questionnaire prepared by the researchers was implemented using a face-to-face interview technique. The Mann-Whitney U test was used in the comparisons of the group averages, and the Pearson chi-square test in the comparisons between groups. In order to determine the dominant risk factors, binary logistical regression test was implemented. Results: A total of 138 patients, 69 cases and 69 controls, were included in the study. A significant difference can be detected between the groups in terms of BMI, smoking, breast cancer prevalence among first degree family members, presence of breast cancer among distant family members, existence of other types of cancers among family members and the age of onset of menopause (p<0.05). Logistical regression analysis revealed that the presence of breast cancer among first degree relatives increased the risk of developing breast cancer 5.7 times. Conclusions: Although some results of this study are compatible with findings in the literature, some are not. In order to determine unique risk factors, there is a clear need for large-scale studies.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.340-350
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• 2016

The Medical Service Act of Korea describes a clinic as providing services primarily to outpatients, while a large general hospital provides specialized medical services requiring a high level of expertise for treating serious diseases. The portion of medical revenue for clinics has been decreasing gradually compared with large hospitals. This article proposes two fundamental medical policies to fix the distorted medical delivery system of Korea. Firstly, uniform additional medical remuneration rates based on the type of medial institution should be divided into outpatient additional rates and inpatient additional rates. Secondly, to normalize the function of clinics and large general hospitals, an outpatient medical target budget system should be introduced. Finally, to properly implement the proposal, it is important to establish healthcare policy-making governance. The success of policy implementation strongly depends on the participation and incentives of the government, suppliers, and patients. Healthcare policy-making governance must be designed to encompass this fact and improve quality of care.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.561-578
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• 2012

This study was performed in order to compare a change in pharmaceutical expenditures per outpatient of clinic and to analyze factors relevant to a systems as part of evaluating policies for the incentive scheme to reduce total prescribed drug expenditure and for the drug utilization review system("DUR system" hereafter). For this, it had finally analytical subjects as 21,320 clinics nationwide without a change in location, clinics symbol and signed subject during both terms of the first half of 2010 and the first half of 2011. As a result, the odds ratio with reduction in pharmaceutical expenditures of clinic was statistically higher significantly in the shorter year number of opening clinic, in the larger number of doctors, when the classification of establishment is other, not individual, and when the signed subject is surgical division. Also, the odds ratio was significantly higher in the less patient number of clinic and in the lower ratio of patients aged over 65. Finally, the odds ratio was significantly high when a clinic had been located in DUR system demonstrative project area. Through this, a case of policy for improvement in doctor's autonomous prescription behavior like DUR system can be known to be effective for reduction in pharmaceutical expenditures. A future research on evaluation of policy for pharmaceutical expenditure management system will need to be performed in-depth analysis in consideration of diverse characteristics on the participatory entities.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.219-228
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the degree of delay in waiting time, and the relationships of waiting time, patient satisfaction, and revisiting intention of outpatient in general hospitals. Methods: The data were collected from June 22 to July 4, 2009. A total of 536 outpatients who visited 21 clinics of a general hospital were subjected to evaluate the waiting time. The survey tools used were the Korea Health Industry Development Institutes (2008) tool for patient satisfaction and Reichheld & Sasser (1990) for revisiting intention. The data were analyzed by SAS version 9.1, descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, and Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: The mean patient's waiting time was $28.3{\pm}30.7\;min$, the revealed mean score of patient's satisfaction was 2.92, and the revisiting intention showed was 4.56. The waiting time was negatively correlated with patient's satisfaction (r=-.10, p<.019). Patient's satisfaction was positively correlated with revisiting intention (r=-.51, p<.001). Conclusion: Waiting time management is an important factor of increasing patient's satisfaction and revisiting intention in general hospitals. It is mandatory that reservation management systems take into account the patient's characteristics of visiting outpatient department in order to shorten the real waiting time.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.103-108
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• 2013

Objectives : Korea's average life expectancy is getting longer and longer and the pace of change in society has increased every year as people experience stress more easily. Under this situation, chronic sleep disorder is increasing, but there is no specific program for the treatment of sleep disorder in Korean medicine. Therefore, we studied a Korean medical treatment program for sleep disorder to apply to outpatient clinic patients. Methods : For this study, we evaluated the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), BDI, STAI, FSS on 29 insomnia patients who visited Kyunghee Korean medical hospital from July 2010 to May 2012. Herbal medicine, acupuncture, herbal acupuncture, moxibustion, sleep hygiene, and medical qigong were applied. We compared ISI scores before treatment and after 4 weeks of treatment. Results : ISI score was improved after Korean medical treatment for sleep disorder. Before the treatment ISI score was 18.1, which means clinical insomnia. After the Korean medical treatment, the score was 7.5, which means no clinically significant insomnia. Conclusions : The study showed a significant effect on the Korean medical treatment program for sleep disorder to apply to outpatient clinic patients. ISI score was improved and the patients were satisfied with the treatment, so it would be more helpful to apply in sleep clinics.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.409-419
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting antibiotic prescription in dental outpatients. Methods: The present study was conducted using data from the National Health Insurance Service - National Sample Cohort. We analyzed prescriptions issued in the dental outpatient department in 2015, for adults over 19 years of age. Antibiotic prescription rates and mean prescription days were analyzed by sex, age, insurance type, presence of diabetes mellitus and hypertension, season in treatment, type of dental institution, and location of dental institution. Multivariate logistic regression was also performed to analyze the factors affecting antibiotic prescription in dental outpatients. Results: A total of 257,038 prescriptions were analyzed. The mean prescription days of antibiotics in dental outpatients were $3.04{\pm}1.08days$, and the prescription rate was 93.0%. Two variables (presence of diabetes mellitus and insurance type) were excluded from the multivariate logistic regression analysis model because they did not significantly affect antibiotic prescription. The possibility of antibiotic prescription was higher in men ${\geq}61years$ of age and those with hypertension. Furthermore, antibiotics were most frequently prescribed in dental clinics rather than dental hospitals, and more frequently in Busan compared to other areas (p<0.001). Conclusions: Several factors were determined to affect antibiotic prescription, and detailed guidelines for consistent antibiotic prescription are needed.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.252-255
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• 2018

A 51-year-old male who is right-handed visited the outpatient for right fingers-drop. The patient's fingers, including thumb, were not extended on metacarpophalangeal joint. The active motion of the right wrist was available. The electromyography and nerve conduction velocity study were consistent with the posterior interosseous neuropathy. Further evaluation was done with the magnetic resonance imaging for finding the space-occupying lesion or any possible soft tissue lesion around the radial nerve pathway. On magnetic resonance imaging, the ganglion cyst, which was about 1.8 cm in diameter, was observed on the proximal part of the superficial layer of the supinator muscle (Arcade of Frohse). The surgical excision was done on the base of ganglion cyst at the base of stalk of cyst which looked to be connected with proximal radioulnar joint capsule. The palsy had completely resolved when the patient was observed on the outpatient department a month after the operation.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.349-364
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• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between new-building of rural public health centers and the outpatient medical utilization. Methods : The study subjects were 141 public health centers in rural area. The data were collected from 1995 to 2001, medical utilization and local population, healthcare resources, and economic characteristics were included. In order to evaluate new-building effects, we performed paired t-tests and multivariate regression analyses. Results : The following variables are significant affecting the medical utilization of rural public health centers: urban side location of public health centers(p<0.05), pre- and post-IMF economic crisis(p<0.001), number of medical aid recipients(p<0.01), number of private clinics(p<0.05), workers of public health centers(p<0.001), financial independent level of local governments(p<0.001). In contrast, the existence of new-building and number of the aged 65 and over were not significant variables. Conclusions : We could not find out the positive relationship between the existence of new-building and the volume of medical utilization in rural public health centers. In particular the medical utilization of rural public health centers is significantly affected by IMF economic recession and number of the poor strata, the economically depressed area.