• 제목/요약/키워드: Outdoor Cultivation

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사물인터넷을 이용한 지능형 노지 농작물 관리 시스템 개발 (The Smart Outdoor Cultivation System using Internet of Things)

  • 염성관;홍성광;고완기
    • 한국융합학회논문지
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    • 제9권7호
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    • pp.63-68
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    • 2018
  • 농업 인구의 감소와 노령화로 인하여 온실 재배 중심의 스마트 팜에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행 중이나 채소와 같은 작물의 경우 노지 재배가 70%를 차지한다. 이에 노지 농작물 재배의 자동화, 무인화 및 지능화를 통해 생산성을 향상시키고 토양 오염을 방지할 필요가 있다. 본 논문은 사물인터넷을 이용한 노지 농작물 제배 시스템 구축 사례를 설명하고 노지작물 제배 시스템에서의 환경 변수를 정의하였다. 다양한 센서을 통해서 토양의 온도, 함수율, 전기전도도, 산성도를 측정하여 LoRa 통신 모듈을 이용하여 서버로 정보를 전달하고, 서버는 이 데이터를 바탕으로 시비량 및 관수량을 제어한다. 노지농작물 재배에 적합한 통신 방식인 LoRa 기술을 이용하여 넓은 노지를 관리하고 생산량 및 판매실적까지 관리하는 시스템을 개발하였다.

The Production of Algal Hydrocarbons in Outdoor Cultivations of Dunaliella salina 1650

  • Pak, Jin-Hong;Lee, Shin-Young;Kim, Young-Nam
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.46-50
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    • 1993
  • In 12:12 hour light/dark cycle cultivation of D. salina 1650, maximum specific growth rate of 0.59 (l/day) and 0.35 (g-crude hydrocarbons/l/day) were obtained. The cell growth was inhibited at above 15$\times$$10^{-4} (kcal/cm^2/h)$ of light intensity in an outdoor cultivation. It was also showed that temperature is one of the critical growth parameters in the outdoor cultivation. The hydrocarbon production from D. salina 1650 seems to be partially growth related production process, and these algal hydrocarbons can be used for subsituting petroleum directly or through cracking processes. The value of weight fraction carbon of D. salina 1650 was similar to that of Botryococcus braunii and so was the hydrocarbon productivity.

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Effect of the Cultivation Technology on the Yield of Paddy Straw Mushroom (Volvariella volvacea)

  • Thi-Thuy-Hai Luu;Dang-Khoa Bui;Nga Huynh;Truc-Linh Le;Iain David Green
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제50권3호
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    • pp.161-171
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    • 2022
  • The edible paddy straw mushroom Volvariella volvacea (Bull. ex F.) Singer has high nutritional and medicinal values. They are grown on a wide variety of agricultural by-products using different several methods. The result of this present study showed that type of bed and cultivation condition (outdoor/indoor) had effects on the yield of paddy straw mushrooms grown on the spent oyster mushroom sawdust. The treatment of circular compact bed under indoor cultivation condition (CYIC) had the best yield and biological efficiency (B.E.) with 2,119.2 g/bed and 14.5%, respectively, followed by the treatment of conventional bed under outdoor cultivation condition (COOC) with the yield and B.E. of 1,935.5 g/bed and 13.2%, respectively, but the lowest yield and B.E. were observed in the treatment of conventional bed under indoor cultivation condition (COIC) with 1,226.1 g/bed and 8.4%, respectively. Paddy straw mushrooms cultivated on spent oyster mushroom sawdust should be proper in both outdoor and indoor conditions by conventional and circular compact methods as well. However, in indoor conditions, paddy straw mushrooms should be grown in a circular compact bed to ensure the temperature of the bed is suitable for the mushroom growth.

Spirulina platensis의 옥외배양 최적화 및 오염생물 구제 (Optimization of Outdoor Cultivation of Spirulina platensis and Control ofContaminant Organisms)

  • 김충재;정윤호;최강국;박용하;안치용;오희목
    • ALGAE
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    • 제21권1호
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    • pp.133-139
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    • 2006
  • Outdoor cultivation of cyanobacterium Spirulina platensis was carried out for 40 days in a batch mode. A half concentration of the SOT based on the underground water was used as culture medium. Working volume was 5.7 tons with 0.2 m depth. During cultivation, mean water temperature, DO and light intensity were all in proper conditions for the S. platensis growth. The adjustment of pH to over 10 with Na2CO3 and addition of the 1.5% natural salt were very effective to delete contaminant organisms, Chlamydomonas moewusii and Chlorella minutissima occurred one after the other in the culture. The mean productivity of the biomass based on the dry cell weight from 14 to 25 days, after the contaminants were deleted, was 7.8 g ·m–2· d–1, which was relatively high productivity in that a half concentration of the SOT was used for the culture. Underground water used in the culture minimized contaminants invasion and addition of the 1.5% natural salt was effective to delete contaminants as well as acted as mineral supplement in outdoor cultivation of S. platensis. Harvesting using the floating activity of S. platensis was effective from mass floating in day time after overnight without agitation and illumination.

축산폐수의 고도처리 및 지질생산을 위한 Botryococcus branuii의 대량배양 (Mass Cultivation of Botryococcus braunii for the Advanced Treatment of Swine Wastewater and Lipid Production in a Photobioreactor)

  • 이석준;김성빈;김희식;권기석;윤병대;오희목
    • 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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    • 제27권2호
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    • pp.166-171
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    • 1999
  • This study was conducted to investigate the removal rate of nitrogen and phosphorus, and lipid production from a swine wastewater by Botryococcus braunii UTEX 572 in an outdoor photobioreactor. B. braunii successfully predominated in competition with bacteria and other algae, especially Oscillatoria, which were grown spontaneously in a secondary-treated swine wastewater, under the conditions of incubation temperature at $25^{\circ}C$ and increased inoculum amount at 287mg/l. There was a significant relationship between dry weight of B. braunii and absorbance of culture solution at 680mn(r2=0.967), suggesting that the latter is as good as the former commonly used for the measurement of algal biomass which is considerably time-consuming. The removal rates of COD, TOC, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus from the swine wastewater were 33.2$\pm$2.6% and 32.8$\pm$3.2, respectively, which showing no different between them. These results suggested that the mass cultivation of B. braunii in an outdoor photobioreactor could be used for the advanced treatment of swine wastewater and lipid production.

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시설채소의 수경재배방법별 소비수량과 생육에 관한 연구 (Studies on the Water Consumption and Growth of Vegetables Cultivated by Hydroponics in' the Green House)

  • 김시원;이경희;김유현;김선주;임창영
    • 한국농공학회지
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    • 제31권1호
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    • pp.31-44
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    • 1989
  • In the vinyl house cultivation, the water consumption, evapotnanspirafion ratio, growth condifion by the growing stages and yields of tomato and cucumber were investigated when they cultivated by nutriculture, rice hull charcoal culture and NFF culture. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The mean air temperature in the vinyl house during the experimental perica j was 1.9$^{\circ}$C higher than the outdoor air temperature, the rrnocirnum and minimum air temperature in the vinyl house was 4.6C and 1.7$^{\circ}$C higher than the outdoor temperature, respectively, and the mean daily evaporation in the vinyl house during the experimental period was 4.3rnm that is 02rnrn more than the outdoor evaporation 2. In the tomato cultivation, the growth of rice hull charcoal culture was the best among the three methods, and the growth of NFT culture and nutriculture were worse than the soil cultivation which is standard, and among the nutriculture, the growth of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the best. 3. In the cucumber cultivation, the growth of rice hull charcoal culture was the best, and while the growth condition of NFT culture was worse than the standard soil cultivation, the growth of nutriculture was better than the standard soil cultivation, and the growth of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the highest among the different treatments in the nutriculture. 4. In the tomato cultivation, the total water consumption of rice hull charcoal culture plot was 1107.5rnm which is the highest amount among the three methods, and in the nutriculture, the total water consumption of EC 1.3m.mho plot was 22lAmm which is the highest among the three different treatments. 5. In the cucumber cultivation, the total water consumption of rice hull charcoal culture was 11762rnm which is the highest, and the total water consumption of EC 1.3m.mho plot was 284.9rnm which is more than the 278.9mm of EC 1.Smmho plot and 262.9mm of EC 1.7rnmho plot. 6. The crop coefficient(Kc) of tomato was 0.82 in NFT culture, 4.67 in rice hull charcoar culture and 0.86~0.91 in nutriculture. 7. The crop coefficient(Kc) of cucumber was higher than tomato as 1.13 in NFT culture, 520 in rice hull charcoal culture and 1.08~1.19 in nutriculture. 8. The evapotranspiration ratio in the mid and late season were higher than the beginning and elongation stage, and the average evaportranspiration ratio of tomato and cucumber was 3.81 and 424, respectively, in the rice hull charcoal culture plot. 9. In the tomato cultivation, the total yield per plant of rice bull charcoal culture was 1443.Og which is the highest, and in the nutriculture, their yields were worse because of the damage of downy nidew disease. 10. In the cucumber cultivation, the total yield per plant of rice hull charcoal culture was 1965.7g which is the highest, and while the yield of NFT culture was ahout 25% lower than the stadard soil cultivation, the yield of nutriculture was higher than the standard soil cultivation, and among the treatments in the nutriculture, the yield of EC 1.3m.mho plot was the highest.

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TELE-OPERATIVE SYSTEM FOR BIOPRODUCTION - REMOTE LOCAL IMAGE PROCESSING FOR OBJECT IDENTIFICATION -

  • Kim, S. C.;H. Hwang;J. E. Son;Park, D. Y.
    • 한국농업기계학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국농업기계학회 2000년도 THE THIRD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY ENGINEERING. V.II
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    • pp.300-306
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    • 2000
  • This paper introduces a new concept of automation for bio-production with tele-operative system. The proposed system showed practical and feasible way of automation for the volatile bio-production process. Based on the proposition, recognition of the job environment with object identification was performed using computer vision system. A man-machine interactive hybrid decision-making, which utilized a concept of tele-operation was proposed to overcome limitations of the capability of computer in image processing and feature extraction from the complex environment image. Identifying watermelons from the outdoor scene of the cultivation field was selected to realize the proposed concept. Identifying watermelon from the camera image of the outdoor cultivation field is very difficult because of the ambiguity among stems, leaves, shades, and especially fruits covered partly by leaves or stems. The analog signal of the outdoor image was captured and transmitted wireless to the host computer by R.F module. The localized window was formed from the outdoor image by pointing to the touch screen. And then a sequence of algorithms to identify the location and size of the watermelon was performed with the local window image. The effect of the light reflectance of fruits, stems, ground, and leaves were also investigated.

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Raceway Cultivation of Spirulina platensis Using Underground Water

  • Kim, Choong-Jae;Jung, Yun-Ho;Ko, So-Ra;Kim, Hong-Ik;Park, Yong-Ha;Oh, Hee-Mock
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제17권5호
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    • pp.853-857
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    • 2007
  • The semi-outdoor cultivation of Spirulina platens is was attempted using an underground-water-based medium. Occurrence of contaminant organisms such as Chlorella sp. and Chlamydomonas sp. was not found from a microscopic observation and bacteria were not detected from denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) analysis of PCR-amplified 16S rDNA during the cultivation, owing to pH control and the high quality of the underground water. The mean productivity was high at $10.5g/m^2/d$ with a range of $4.2-12.3g/m^2/d$ despite the unfavorable weather conditions of the rainy season. The cultivated S. platens is included a normal protein content of 58.9%. Consequently, the underground water improved the biomass productivity and the biomass quality because of an abundant supplementation of natural minerals and through a contaminant-free culture.

양식 톳 포복지의 재활용에 관한 연구 (Reuse of Holdfasts in Hizikia Cultivation)

  • 황은경;조용철;손철현
    • 한국수산과학회지
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    • 제32권1호
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    • pp.112-116
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    • 1999
  • 톳 포복지의 재생력을 이용하므로써, 수확후 남겨지는 포복지로 부터 재생된 엽체를 양식의 종묘로 재사용하고자 하였다. 엽체 채취후 남겨진 포복지를 연승과 함께 수거하여, 1995년 5월부터 11월까지 조간대의 인공 노출 조건 (1일 0, 1, 2, 3시간)에서 월하관리하여, 엽체의 재생 여부를 실험하였다. 재생엽체의 생장은 엽체의 전장, 주지수 및 중량으로 나타내었다. 생산성 비교를 위하여 재생엽체를 현재 양식방법에서 사용되고 있는 자연산 종묘와 함께 동일 양식장에 이식하여 1995년 12월부터 1996년 5월까지 양성실험을 실시하였다. 생산성 비교 결과 재생엽체와 자연산 유체를 사용한 경우 유의한 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으나, 포복지의 재사용으로 자연군락으로부터 매년 유체를 채취하지 않고도 계속적인 양식생산을 할 수 있다.

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고온피해 경감을 위한 표고 원목재배사 모델개발 (Development of Cultivation Facility Models to Reduce High Temperature Damage in Oak Mushroom (Lentinula edodes) Cultivation Using Bed-logs)

  • 김원수;김선철;이병석;권혁우;고한규;박흥수
    • 한국버섯학회지
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    • 제14권3호
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    • pp.119-126
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    • 2016
  • 표고버섯 원목재배시 고온피해를 경감시키기 위하여 임가실증지 5개소를 선정하였고, 기존 1중(비닐+차광)재배사의 내부 지붕에 2중으로 차광망을 추가 설치(개선형)하였다. 기존 재배사와 개선형 재배사 형태에 따른 내부 온습도, 균사 만연도 및 버섯 생산성을 조사하였다. 조사결과 시설 내부 최고온도는 개선형 재배사가 기존 1중 재배사 보다 평균 약 $3{\sim}5^{\circ}C$정도 낮았으나, 평균습도는 그와 달리 기존 1중 재배사와 개선형 재배사간에 큰 차이는 없었다. 특히 기존형과 개선형 재배사 모두 임내 재배장보다 평균습도가 10% 정도 낮아 건조한 불량환경이 유지되어 버섯 품질과 생산성 향상을 위해서는 지속적인 수분관리가 중요함을 알 수 있었다. 버섯목 표면, 내부의 균사 만연도를 비교한 결과 개선형 재배사가 가장 우수하였고, 임내재배사, 기존 1중 재배사가 순으로 저조하였다. 버섯 생산성을 비교한 결과 기존 1중 재배사에 비하여 117~204% 증수 효과가 있었으며, 재배사 동고 높이가 낮을수록 개선효과는 극대화 되었다. 따라서 시험결과를 토대로 고온피해 경감을 위한 원목재배사 모델 5종을 제시하였다.