• 임상간호연구
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.157-174
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• 2010

Purpose: This study aims to develop, verify, and suggest outcome indicators for advanced practice nurses (APNs) in order to clarify their usefulness. Methods: To develop outcome indicators, the following methods were applied: reviewing literature intended to identify preliminary outcome indicators; surveying outcome indicators currently used for APNs and collecting the opinions from representatives of the professionals in clinical practice; verifying the content validity of preliminary outcome indicators by professionals and verifying the preliminary outcome indicators with 252 APNs. Results: Suggested outcome indicators are categorized into 84 items in total. Of these, the number of outcome indicators commonly appearing across disciplines was 18, mostly related to satisfaction and education. A majority of other outcome indictors exhibiting high relevance to individual disciplines are associated with care, including critical care (19 items), oncologic care (9 items) and emergency care (10 items). Conclusion: As the outcome indicators identified in this study are available to demonstrate the usefulness of APNs, it is recommended that future studies need to select and use appropriate outcome indicators according to characteristics and conditions of the discipline under examination. In addition, it is necessary to validate whether the suggested outcome indicators reflect adequately the practices of APNs.

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.107-118
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• 1997

This study was designed to obtain basic data for development of evaluation tool which would be needed to measure the outcome of general quality nursing care of individual patient. The purpose of this study was to analyze and classify the outcome indicators of quality nursing care. The 29 articles of quality nursing care and outcome measures were selected coveniently, and analyzed to classify the outcome indicators of quality nursing care using open coding method. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Quality nursing care was defined as level of excellence of nursing care to achieve good patient outcome. 2. The 6 domains of which were health status, satisfaction, self care, patient progress and prognosis, and compliance were identified in outcome indicators of quality nursing care 3. Seven indicators of health status domain which were perceived health status, quality of life, well-being, daily activities, physical-physiological status, psychoemotional status, and social role functioning were identified. 4. Two indicators of satifaction domain which were patient satisfaction and family satisfaction were identified. 5. Three indicators of self care domain which were skill, knowledge, and home management were identified. 6. Seven indicators of patient progress and prognosis domain which were change of clinical status, resolution of nursing diagnosis and problem, days of stay, dicahrge state, recovery state, survival were identified. 7. compliance with therapeutic direction compliance was identified as an indicator of compliance domain. 8. It was sugested that studies for development of evaluation tools for outcomes of quality nursing the results of this study could be executed

• 간호행정학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.189-201
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the use of outcome indicators and perception of outcome evaluation of oncology advanced practice nurses (APNs). Method: A total of 111 oncology APNs from hospitals which have over 400 beds were surveyed. The participants' use of outcome indicators and perception of outcome evaluation were collected using a questionnaire including 84 outcome indicators for APNs developed by Sung et al. and 13 items on APNs' contribution to the hospitals developed by Kleinpell (2005). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and $x^2$ test. Result: Twelve items out of 84 outcome indicators were used over 50% of the time and 57 items could be used in the future by the participants. Seven of the 10 top-ranking outcome indicators in use were education related and were also expected to be used frequently in the future. The score for participants' perception of outcome evaluation was average-high, 3.82 out of 5. Conclusions: The results of the study show that the main outcome indicator for oncology APNs is education related, and thus the use of education related outcome indicators is recommended to make oncology APNs' activities be more visible.

• 한국문헌정보학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.311-328
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• 2003

공공도서관이 지역사회에서의 위상을 확립하고 책임성을 제고하기 위하여서는 공공도서관 활동의 결과로 나타난 지역사회와 지역주민에 대한 영향력을 구체적으로 제시할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 문헌 연구를 통하여 공공도서관의 영향력을 경제적 가치, 사회적 공헌, 그리고 정보 능력의 향상 등 세 영역으로 나누어 설명하고, 각각의 측정 방법들을 소개하였다. 마지막으로, 영향력 측정에 사용 가능한 결과 지표(outcome indicators)와 그 개발 과정을 분석하고, 우리나라 공공도서관에 적용이 가능한 지표의 개발 방안을 제시하였다.

• 성인간호학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.88-93
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• 2003

Purpose: This study was conducted to develop nursing outcome indicators based on nursing activities done for stroke patients. Method: focus group meeting and delphi technique, which consisted of clinical nurse experts, neurologist, and nursing professors. CVI(Index of Content Validity) and user validity test was performed. Result: 12 nursing diagnoses, 29 nursing interventions and nursing outcomes were identified. The former were from NIC and the latter were developed according to nursing interventions. They were verified by experts in focus group. 199 nursing activities were identified, 133 nursing outcome indicators were developed. In user validity, usefulness and usability were tested. Conclusion: This systemic approach of measuring nursing outcomes verified nurses' positive effects in changing patients health status and nursing contributions in the health care system as a profession.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.625-632
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the importance and sensitivity to nursing interventions of four nursing sensitive nursing outcomes selected from the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC). Outcomes for this study were 'Knowledge: Diet', 'Knowledge: Disease Process', 'Knowledge: Energy Conservation', and 'Knowledge: Health Behaviors'. Method: Data were collected from 183 nurses working in 2 university hospitals. Fehring method was used to estimate outcome and indicators' content and sensitivity validity. Multiple and stepwise regression were used to evaluate relationships between each outcome and its indicators. Result: Results confirmed the importance and nursing sensitivity of outcomes and their indicators. Key indicators of each outcomes were found by multiple regression. 'Knowledge: Diet' was suggested for adding new indicators because the variance explained by indicators was relatively low. Not all of the indicators selected for stepwise regression model were rated for highly in Fehring method. The R² statistics of the stepwise regression models were between 18 and 63% in importance by selected indicators and between 34 and 68% in contribution by selected indicators. Conclusion: This study refined what outcomes and indicators will be useful in clinical practice. Further research will be required for the revision of outcome and indicators of NOC. However, this study refined what outcomes and indicators will be useful in clinical practice.

• 실천공학교육논문지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.129-141
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• 2024

최근 고등교육 정책이 학생중심으로 전환되면서 학생들의 학습성과 향상을 위한 대학의 관심이 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구는 K대학의 학습성과 지표를 국내외 주요 학습성과 지표와 비교·분석하여, 우리나라 대학들의 학습성과 관리를 위한 발전방향을 제공하는 것을 목적으로 하고 있다. 비교·분석을 위해 AHELO, NSSE, CLA+ 등 주요 학습성과 측정 도구의 세부 측정문항을 조사하였다. K대 주요 학습성과 지표와 타 학습성과 지표를 비교/분석한 결과, 대다수의 지표는 중복되고 있으나, 학습을 위한 학생 지원/시설, 교수자의 질, 커뮤니케이션 등 일부 지표는 K대에 부재한 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 지표를 기존 학습성과 지표에 추가할 것인지 아니면 다른 조사를 통해 이를 확인할 것인지 결정할 필요가 있으며, 같은 지표라도 측정 방식이 다른 지표들 중 일부는 측정 방식 변경을 고려할 필요가 있다.

• 지역사회간호학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.523-531
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• 2002

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the importance and sensitivity to nursing interventions of six sensitive nursing outcomes selected from the Nursing Outcomes Classification. The outcomes in this study were Self-Care: Activities of Daily Living, Self-Care: Instrumental Activities of Daily Living, Treatment Behavior: Illness or Injury, Knowledge: Health Promotion, Caregiver Performance: Direct Care, and Caregiver Physical Health. Method: Data were collected from 97 visiting nurses working in public health centers located in a province and a capital city. The Fehring method was used to estimate outcomes and indicators for content validity. Simultaneous multiple regression and stepwise regression were used to evaluate relationships between each outcome and its indicators. Results: Results confirmed the importance and nursing sensitivity of the outcomes and their indicators. Multiple regression revealed key indicators of each outcome. Self-Care: Instrumental Activity of Daily Living needed to be revised. Neither all of the indicators nor the indicators showing the highest importance and contribution ratio were selected as independent variables for the stepwise regression model. The R2 of the regression models ranged from 29 to 56% in importance by selected indicators and from 56 to 83% in contribution. Conclusion: Further research is needed for the revision of outcomes and their indicators.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.245-256
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• 2010

Objectives: This study aims to compare quality indicators for the hemodialysis services between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid. Methods: This study used data from sampled hospitals that provided a hemodialysis service. A total of 2287 patients were selected, and the information for hemodialysis service has been granted from medical record reviews. A multi-level regression analysis was used to examine the differences in process and outcome indicators for hemodialysis between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid. Process indicators were defined as: frequency of hemodialysis, hemodialysis time, erythropoietin (EPO) use, measurement of hemodialysis dose at least once a month, measurement of phosphate at least once every three months, and measurement of albumin at least once every three months. Outcome indicators were defined as: hemodialysis adequacy, anemia management, blood pressure management, and calcium, phosphate and nutrition management. The total scores for outcome indicators ranged from 0 (worst) to 4 (best). Results: There was a significant difference in the measurement of hemodialysis dose at least once a month between patients with health insurance and those with medical aid (OR 0.66, 95% CI = 0.43 - 0.99). However, frequency of hemodialysis, hemodialysis time, EPO use, measurement of phosphate at least once every three months, measurement of albumin at least once every three months, hemodialysis adequacy management, Hb${\geq}$11 g/dL, blood pressure within the range of 100-140 /60-90 mmHg, calcium x phosphate${\leq}$55 $g^2/dL^2$ and albumin${\geq}$4 g/dL were not significantly different between the groups. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in outcome indicators for hemodialysis between the groups. Further studies are warranted into the mechanism that results in no differences in the outcome indicators for hemodialysis.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.519-530
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• 2007

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to develop outcome indicators in clinical trials of herbal drugs effective for asthma. cough and sputum. To accomplish the objective, this study collected outcome indicators developed and used according to conventional medical concepts. Methods : Our research group reviewed SCI papers concerned with developing outcome indicators to evaluate amelioration of asthma, cough and sputum. We also reviewed clinical trials of herbal drugs effective for them. Results : To evaluate asthma, objective as well as subjective methods were chosen according to the purpose of each trial. Objective methods were PEF, FEVl, serum IgE, peripheral eosinophil counts, and so on. Subjective methods were symptom scores, symptom diaries, quality of life measures, etc. To evaluate cough and sputum, objective and subjective methods were also chosen. Objective methods were tussigenic challenges, sputum induction and computerized methodology, and subjective methods were similar to the methodology evaluating asthmatic symptoms. Conclusions : It is desirable for a clinical trial evaluating herbal drugs for asthma, cough and sputum to use objective and subjective outcome indicators together. However, biological outcome indicators, a kind of objective methods, can not be chosen as the purpose of trial. Valid and reliable subjective outcome indicators are needed to develop good clinical trials of herbal drugs effective for asthma, cough and sputum.